GY-30光照传感器的具体资料可以去淘宝搜索然后问卖家要，网上也有，所以这里我就不多嘴了。

VCC连接3到5伏电压，根据文件开头的描述在STM32CubeMX中配置好外设。

STM32Cube开发方式就是4个字“简单直接”，直接上代码。

gy30.h

#ifndef __GY30_H__
#define __GY30_H__#include "main.h"//main函数里需要使用的就这一个输入亮度变量的地址，返回读取状态
uint8_t Z_GY30_GetData(uint16_t *nowLum);void Z_I2C_Start(void);
void Z_I2C_End(void);
void Z_I2C_SendByte(uint8_t byte);
uint8_t Z_I2C_ReveiceByte();
void Z_I2C_SendACK(uint8_t ack);
uint8_t Z_I2C_ReveiceACK();#endif 

gy30.c 

/********************************************************************************* 作    者:洛宇航（SiriusIoT）* 名    称:* 备    注:* CubeMX配置方法：* 1.软件I2C* 选择两个GPIO引脚作为软件I2C引脚。* 建议命名为softI2C1_SCL，softI2C1_SDA* 默认输出高电平、开漏输出、上拉、25MHz* 2.毫秒级延时* 选择定时器，配置为每毫秒技术一次，无需开中断（默认为TIM6）*******************************************************************************/#include "gy30.h"
#include "tim.h"//外设配置宏定义start
#define DHT_HTIM    htim6//微秒级延时,使用了定时器6//定义i2c总线连接的GPIO端口, 用户只需要修改下面5段行代码即可任意改变SCL和SDA的引脚
#define GPIO_PORT_GY30    GPIOE                   //GY30       GPIO端口//软件I2C外设配置
#define GY30_SCL_PORT	softI2C1_SCL_GPIO_Port
#define GY30_SCL_PIN	softI2C1_SCL_Pin#define GY30_SDA_PORT	softI2C1_SDA_GPIO_Port
#define GY30_SDA_PIN	softI2C1_SDA_Pin//定义读写SCL和SDA的宏
//SCL = 1
#define GY30_SCL_1		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GY30_SCL_PORT, GY30_SCL_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET)
//SCL = 0
#define GY30_SCL_0		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GY30_SCL_PORT, GY30_SCL_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
//读SCL口线状态
#define GY30_SCL_READ	HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GY30_SCL_PORT, GY30_SCL_PIN)//SDA = 1
#define GY30_SDA_1		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GY30_SDA_PORT, GY30_SDA_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET)
//SDA = 0
#define GY30_SDA_0		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GY30_SDA_PORT, GY30_SDA_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
//读SDA口线状态
#define GY30_SDA_READ	HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GY30_SDA_PORT, GY30_SDA_PIN)//外设配置宏定义end#define SCL_Pin GPIO_Pin_0
#define SDA_Pin GPIO_Pin_1//利用定时器微秒级延时
void GY30_Delay_us(uint16_t us)
{uint16_t differ = 0xffff-us-5;__HAL_TIM_SET_COUNTER(&DHT_HTIM,differ);HAL_TIM_Base_Start(&DHT_HTIM);while(differ < 0xffff-5){differ = __HAL_TIM_GET_COUNTER(&DHT_HTIM);}HAL_TIM_Base_Stop(&DHT_HTIM);
}void Z_I2C_SetSCL(uint8_t signal){if(signal==1) GY30_SCL_1;else GY30_SCL_0;GY30_Delay_us(5);                    //防止电平翻转过快,因此加上延时
}void Z_I2C_SetSDA(uint8_t signal){if(signal==1) GY30_SDA_1;else GY30_SDA_0;GY30_Delay_us(5);
}void Z_I2C_Start(void){Z_I2C_SetSDA(1);Z_I2C_SetSCL(1);Z_I2C_SetSDA(0);Z_I2C_SetSCL(0);
}void Z_I2C_End(){Z_I2C_SetSDA(0);Z_I2C_SetSCL(1);Z_I2C_SetSDA(1);
}void Z_I2C_SendByte(uint8_t byte){Z_I2C_SetSCL(0);for(int i=0;i<8;++i){if((byte&0x80)==0) Z_I2C_SetSDA(0);else Z_I2C_SetSDA(1);byte<<=1;Z_I2C_SetSCL(1);Z_I2C_SetSCL(0);}
}uint8_t Z_I2C_ReveiceByte(){uint8_t data=0x00;Z_I2C_SetSDA(1);for(int i=0;i<8;++i){Z_I2C_SetSCL(1);if(GY30_SDA_READ==1) data|=(0x80>>i);Z_I2C_SetSCL(0);}return data;
}void Z_I2C_SendACK(uint8_t ack){if(ack==0) Z_I2C_SetSDA(0);else Z_I2C_SetSDA(1);Z_I2C_SetSCL(1);Z_I2C_SetSCL(0);
}uint8_t Z_I2C_ReveiceACK(){Z_I2C_SetSDA(1);Z_I2C_SetSCL(1);uint8_t ack=GY30_SDA_READ;Z_I2C_SetSCL(0);return ack;
}uint8_t Z_GY30_GetData(uint16_t* nowLum)
{Z_I2C_Start();Z_I2C_SendByte(0x46);if(Z_I2C_ReveiceACK()!=0) return 0;Z_I2C_SendByte(0x01);if(Z_I2C_ReveiceACK()!=0) return 0;Z_I2C_End();Z_I2C_Start();Z_I2C_SendByte(0x46);if(Z_I2C_ReveiceACK()!=0) return 0;Z_I2C_SendByte(0x10);if(Z_I2C_ReveiceACK()!=0) return 0;Z_I2C_End();HAL_Delay(200);uint16_t Light=0;Z_I2C_Start();Z_I2C_SendByte(0x47);if(Z_I2C_ReveiceACK()!=0) return 0;Light|=Z_I2C_ReveiceByte();Light<<=8;Z_I2C_SendACK(0);Light|=Z_I2C_ReveiceByte();Z_I2C_SendACK(1);Z_I2C_End();*nowLum = Light;return 1;
}