element ui form 表单验证

表单验证方法

在el-form元素上总体设置校验规则rules，下面是官方案例

<el-form :model="ruleForm" :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm"><el-form-item label="活动名称" prop="name"><el-input v-model="ruleForm.name"></el-input></el-form-item><el-form-item label="活动区域" prop="region"><el-select v-model="ruleForm.region" placeholder="请选择活动区域"><el-option label="区域一" value="shanghai"></el-option><el-option label="区域二" value="beijing"></el-option></el-select></el-form-item><el-form-item label="活动时间" required><el-col :span="11"><el-form-item prop="date1"><el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="选择日期" v-model="ruleForm.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker></el-form-item></el-col><el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col><el-col :span="11"><el-form-item prop="date2"><el-time-picker placeholder="选择时间" v-model="ruleForm.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker></el-form-item></el-col></el-form-item><el-form-item label="即时配送" prop="delivery"><el-switch v-model="ruleForm.delivery"></el-switch></el-form-item><el-form-item label="活动性质" prop="type"><el-checkbox-group v-model="ruleForm.type"><el-checkbox label="美食/餐厅线上活动" name="type"></el-checkbox><el-checkbox label="地推活动" name="type"></el-checkbox><el-checkbox label="线下主题活动" name="type"></el-checkbox><el-checkbox label="单纯品牌曝光" name="type"></el-checkbox></el-checkbox-group></el-form-item><el-form-item label="特殊资源" prop="resource"><el-radio-group v-model="ruleForm.resource"><el-radio label="线上品牌商赞助"></el-radio><el-radio label="线下场地免费"></el-radio></el-radio-group></el-form-item><el-form-item label="活动形式" prop="desc"><el-input type="textarea" v-model="ruleForm.desc"></el-input></el-form-item><el-form-item><el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">立即创建</el-button><el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button></el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>export default {data() {return {ruleForm: {name: '',region: '',date1: '',date2: '',delivery: false,type: [],resource: '',desc: ''},rules: {name: [{ required: true, message: '请输入活动名称', trigger: 'blur' },{ min: 3, max: 5, message: '长度在 3 到 5 个字符', trigger: 'blur' }],region: [{ required: true, message: '请选择活动区域', trigger: 'change' }],date1: [{ type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择日期', trigger: 'change' }],date2: [{ type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择时间', trigger: 'change' }],type: [{ type: 'array', required: true, message: '请至少选择一个活动性质', trigger: 'change' }],resource: [{ required: true, message: '请选择活动资源', trigger: 'change' }],desc: [{ required: true, message: '请填写活动形式', trigger: 'blur' }]}};},methods: {submitForm(formName) {this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {if (valid) {alert('submit!');} else {console.log('error submit!!');return false;}});},resetForm(formName) {this.$refs[formName].resetFields();}}}
</script>

注意

自定义校验规则

如果想配置更复杂的校验规则，可以参考如下官方案例

<el-form :model="ruleForm" status-icon :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm"><el-form-item label="密码" prop="pass"><el-input type="password" v-model="ruleForm.pass" autocomplete="off"></el-input></el-form-item><el-form-item label="确认密码" prop="checkPass"><el-input type="password" v-model="ruleForm.checkPass" autocomplete="off"></el-input></el-form-item><el-form-item label="年龄" prop="age"><el-input v-model.number="ruleForm.age"></el-input></el-form-item><el-form-item><el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">提交</el-button><el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button></el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>export default {data() {var checkAge = (rule, value, callback) => {if (!value) {return callback(new Error('年龄不能为空'));}setTimeout(() => {if (!Number.isInteger(value)) {callback(new Error('请输入数字值'));} else {if (value < 18) {callback(new Error('必须年满18岁'));} else {callback();}}}, 1000);};var validatePass = (rule, value, callback) => {if (value === '') {callback(new Error('请输入密码'));} else {if (this.ruleForm.checkPass !== '') {this.$refs.ruleForm.validateField('checkPass');}callback();}};var validatePass2 = (rule, value, callback) => {if (value === '') {callback(new Error('请再次输入密码'));} else if (value !== this.ruleForm.pass) {callback(new Error('两次输入密码不一致!'));} else {callback();}};return {ruleForm: {pass: '',checkPass: '',age: ''},rules: {pass: [{ validator: validatePass, trigger: 'blur' }],checkPass: [{ validator: validatePass2, trigger: 'blur' }],age: [{ validator: checkAge, trigger: 'blur' }]}};},methods: {submitForm(formName) {this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {if (valid) {alert('submit!');} else {console.log('error submit!!');return false;}});},resetForm(formName) {this.$refs[formName].resetFields();}}}
</script>

注意

自定义校验规则也可以和普通规则混用

<el-form-item label="用户名" prop="username":rules="[{required: true, message: '不能为空', trigger: 'blur'},{ validator: valid, trigger: 'blur' }]"><el-input v-model="form.username" ></el-input></el-form-item>
<script>
import { valid } from '@/utils/validateFun.js'
export default {methods: {valid}
}
</script>

// validateFun.js
export function valid(rule, value, callback) {if (!/\d+/.test(value)) {callback(new Error('请输入数字值'));}else {callback();}
}

在el-form-item元素上配置校验规则

比较喜欢这种方式

<el-form :model="dynamicValidateForm" ref="dynamicValidateForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-dynamic"><el-form-itemprop="email"label="邮箱":rules="[{ required: true, message: '请输入邮箱地址', trigger: 'blur' },{ type: 'email', message: '请输入正确的邮箱地址', trigger: ['blur', 'change'] }]"><el-input v-model="dynamicValidateForm.email"></el-input></el-form-item>
</el-form>

注意

1、此方法相当于把el-form上的rules属性挪移到了el-form-item上，el-form上的大部分属性都可以在el-form-item上使用

2、如果绑定的form表单为嵌套对象，prop和v-model值仍要保持一致

<el-form :model="dynamicValidateForm" ref="dynamicValidateForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-dynamic"><el-form-itemprop="userinfo.email"label="邮箱":rules="[{ required: true, message: '请输入邮箱地址', trigger: 'blur' },{ type: 'email', message: '请输入正确的邮箱地址', trigger: ['blur', 'change'] }]"><el-input v-model="dynamicValidateForm.userinfo.email"></el-input></el-form-item>
</el-form>

3、 rules可以配置多种校验规则，所以它的值可以是数组。校验规则，从第一个开始依次执行，前面的校验通过了，才会执行下一个校验。如果想校验正则表达式，案例如下

<el-form :model="dynamicValidateForm" ref="dynamicValidateForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-dynamic"><el-form-itemprop="userinfo.email"label="邮箱":rules="[{ required: true, message: '请输入邮箱地址', trigger: 'blur' },{ type: 'email', message: '请输入正确的邮箱地址', trigger: ['blur', 'change'] },{ pattern: /^\d+\/\d+$/, message: '格式不正确', trigger: 'blur' }]"><el-input v-model="dynamicValidateForm.userinfo.email"></el-input></el-form-item>
</el-form>

4、当元素为select时，trigger可以配置为['blur', 'change']，否则select选值时，校验提示错误信息不消失