Android Style 使用指南

简介:
Android Style 是一种能够统一定义应用程序中视图元素外观和行为的强大工具。通过使用 Style，可以轻松地应用相同的样式属性到多个视图上，提高代码的可维护性和重用性。本文将介绍 Android Style 的基本概念、使用方法以及一些最佳实践，帮助你更好地利用 Style 提升应用程序的外观和用户体验。

1. 定义 Style

在 Android 开发中，Style 是一组样式属性的集合，可以应用于视图或应用程序的不同部分。Style 使用 XML 格式进行定义，并在 res/values/styles.xml 文件中声明。下面是一个简单的 Style 定义示例：

<style name="MyButtonStyle" parent="Widget.AppCompat.Button"><item name="android:textColor">#FF0000</item><item name="android:background">#00FF00</item><item name="android:textSize">16sp</item>
</style>

在上述示例中，我们定义了一个名为 “MyButtonStyle” 的 Style，并继承自内置的 “Widget.AppCompat.Button” 样式。该 Style 定义了三个属性：textColor、background 和 textSize，分别用于设置按钮的文本颜色、背景和文本大小。

2. 应用 Style

要应用 Style，可以在布局文件或主题中使用 Style 引用。以下是两种常见的应用 Style 的方式：

2.1 在布局文件中应用 Style

通过在布局文件中的视图元素上使用 style 属性，可以将 Style 应用于特定的视图。例如：

<Buttonandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="Click Me"style="@style/MyButtonStyle" />

在上述示例中，我们为 Button 视图应用了之前定义的 “MyButtonStyle”。

2.2 在主题中应用 Style

另一种常见的方式是在应用的主题中应用 Style。通过在 res/values/styles.xml 文件中定义的主题中引用 Style，可以应用于整个应用程序或特定的活动。例如：

<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light"><item name="buttonStyle">@style/MyButtonStyle</item>
</style>

在上述示例中，我们定义了一个名为 “AppTheme” 的主题，并将 “buttonStyle” 属性设置为之前定义的 “MyButtonStyle”。

3. 继承和覆盖 Style

Android Style 支持继承和覆盖现有的 Style。通过使用 parent 属性指定父级 Style，可以继承父级 Style 的属性，并在子级 Style 中进行覆盖。以下是一个继承和覆盖 Style 的示例：

<style name="MyCustomButtonStyle" parent="MyButtonStyle"><item name="android:background">#0000FF</item>
</style>

在上述示例中，我们定义了一个名为 “MyCustomButtonStyle” 的 Style，继承自之前定义的 “MyButtonStyle”。同时，我们覆盖了 “background” 属性，将按钮的背景颜色设置为蓝色。

4. 最佳实践

以下是一些关于使用 Android Style 的最佳实践：

命名规范：为了方便管理和理解，给 Style 和其它资源命名时应采用一致的命名规范，使用有意义的名称。
模块化和重用：将常用的样式属性定义为独立的 Style，并在需要时进行引用，以提高代码的模块化性和重用性。
主题化：通过在主题中应用 Style，可以实现应用范围内的样式一致性，并方便后续的主题切换和定制。
使用样式属性：尽可能使用样式属性而不是硬编码的值。这样可以方便地在整个应用程序中进行全局修改和调整。
继承和覆盖：利用样式的继承和覆盖功能来避免重复定义相同的样式属性。通过继承现有的样式并进行必要的覆盖，可以提高代码的可维护性和重用性。
与尺寸单位一起使用：在定义样式属性时，尽量使用独立于屏幕密度的尺寸单位（如dp或sp）。这样可以确保样式在不同设备上具有一致的外观。
主题和样式的分离：将主题和样式的定义分开，使其更易于管理和维护。主题应该包含与应用程序整体外观相关的样式属性，而样式则应该专注于特定视图或组件的样式定义。
使用样式资源文件：将样式定义放在独立的样式资源文件中，而不是直接在布局文件中定义样式。这样可以提高代码的可读性和维护性，并允许在不修改布局文件的情况下更改样式。

andorid:Theme
API 级别 10 及更低级别的应用程序的默认主题。这是用于未明确设置自己主题的活动的主题。您可以认为这是一个深色背景，顶部有浅色文本，但不应尝试对其外观做出其他假设。特别是，使用此主题的小部件内部的文本可能完全不同，小部件容器是浅色的，而其顶部的文本是深色的。

如果您正在针对 API 级别 11 及更高版本进行开发，则应改用 {@link Theme_Holo} 或 {@link Theme_DeviceDefault}。

<style name="Theme"><item name="isLightTheme">false</item><item name="colorForeground">@color/bright_foreground_dark</item><item name="colorForegroundInverse">@color/bright_foreground_dark_inverse</item><item name="colorBackground">@color/background_dark</item> <item name="colorBackgroundFloating">?attr/colorBackground</item> <item name="colorBackgroundCacheHint">?attr/colorBackground</item> <item name="disabledAlpha">0.5</item> <item name="primaryContentAlpha">@dimen/primary_content_alpha_material_dark</item> <item name="secondaryContentAlpha">@dimen/secondary_content_alpha_material_dark</item> <item name="backgroundDimAmount">0.6</item> <item name="colorError">@color/red</item> <!-- Text styles --> <item name="textAppearance">@style/TextAppearance</item> <item name="textAppearanceInverse">@style/TextAppearance.Inverse</item> <item name="textColorPrimary">@color/primary_text_dark</item> <item name="textColorPrimaryInverse">@color/primary_text_light</item> <item name="textColorPrimaryActivated">@color/primary_text_dark</item> <item name="textColorPrimaryDisableOnly">@color/primary_text_dark_disable_only</item> <item name="textColorPrimaryInverseDisableOnly">@color/primary_text_light_disable_only</item> <item name="textColorPrimaryInverseNoDisable">@color/primary_text_light_nodisable</item> <item name="textColorPrimaryNoDisable">@color/primary_text_dark_nodisable</item> <item name="textColorSecondary">@color/secondary_text_dark</item> <item name="textColorSecondaryInverse">@color/secondary_text_light</item> <item name="textColorSecondaryActivated">@color/secondary_text_dark</item> <item name="textColorSecondaryNoDisable">@color/secondary_text_dark_nodisable</item> <item name="textColorSecondaryInverseNoDisable">@color/secondary_text_light_nodisable</item> <item name="textColorTertiary">@color/tertiary_text_dark</item> <item name="textColorTertiaryInverse">@color/tertiary_text_light</item> <item name="textColorHint">@color/hint_foreground_dark</item> <item name="textColorHintInverse">@color/hint_foreground_light</item> <item name="textColorHighlight">@color/highlighted_text_dark</item> <item name="textColorHighlightInverse">@color/highlighted_text_light</item> <item name="textColorLink">@color/link_text_dark</item> <item name="textColorLinkInverse">@color/link_text_light</item> <item name="textColorSearchUrl">@color/search_url_text</item> <item name="textColorAlertDialogListItem">@color/primary_text_light_disable_only</item> <item name="textAppearanceLarge">@style/TextAppearance.Large</item> <item name="textAppearanceMedium">@style/TextAppearance.Medium</item> <item name="textAppearanceSmall">@style/TextAppearance.Small</item> <item name="textAppearanceLargeInverse">@style/TextAppearance.Large.Inverse</item> <item name="textAppearanceMediumInverse">@style/TextAppearance.Medium.Inverse</item> <item name="textAppearanceSmallInverse">@style/TextAppearance.Small.Inverse</item> <item name="textAppearanceSearchResultTitle">@style/TextAppearance.SearchResult.Title</item> <item name="textAppearanceSearchResultSubtitle">@style/TextAppearance.SearchResult.Subtitle</item> <item name="textAppearanceEasyCorrectSuggestion">@style/TextAppearance.EasyCorrectSuggestion</item> <item name="textAppearanceMisspelledSuggestion">@style/TextAppearance.MisspelledSuggestion</item> <item name="textAppearanceAutoCorrectionSuggestion">@style/TextAppearance.AutoCorrectionSuggestion</item> <item name="textAppearanceGrammarErrorSuggestion">@style/TextAppearance.GrammarErrorSuggestion</item> <item name="textAppearanceButton">@style/TextAppearance.Widget.Button</item> <item name="editTextColor">@color/primary_text_light</item> <item name="editTextBackground">@drawable/edit_text</item> <item name="candidatesTextStyleSpans">@string/candidates_style</item> <item name="textCheckMark">@drawable/indicator_check_mark_dark</item> <item name="textCheckMarkInverse">@drawable/indicator_check_mark_light</item> <item name="textAppearanceLargePopupMenu">@style/TextAppearance.Widget.PopupMenu.Large</item> <item name="textAppearanceSmallPopupMenu">@style/TextAppearance.Widget.PopupMenu.Small</item> <!-- Button styles --> <item name="buttonStyle">@style/Widget.Button</item> <item name="buttonStyleSmall">@style/Widget.Button.Small</item> <item name="buttonStyleInset">@style/Widget.Button.Inset</item> <item name="buttonStyleToggle">@style/Widget.Button.Toggle</item> <item name="buttonCornerRadius">0dp</item> <item name="switchStyle">@style/Widget.CompoundButton.Switch</item> <item name="mediaRouteButtonStyle">@style/Widget.DeviceDefault.MediaRouteButton</item> <item name="selectableItemBackground">@drawable/item_background</item> <item name="selectableItemBackgroundBorderless">?attr/selectableItemBackground</item> <item name="borderlessButtonStyle">?attr/buttonStyle</item> <item name="homeAsUpIndicator">@drawable/ic_ab_back_holo_dark</item> <!-- List attributes --> <item name="listPreferredItemHeight">64dip</item> <item name="listPreferredItemHeightSmall">?attr/listPreferredItemHeight</item> <item name="listPreferredItemHeightLarge">?attr/listPreferredItemHeight</item> <item name="dropdownListPreferredItemHeight">?attr/listPreferredItemHeight</item> <item name="textAppearanceListItem">?attr/textAppearanceLarge</item> <item name="textAppearanceListItemSmall">?attr/textAppearanceLarge</item> <item name="textAppearanceListItemSecondary">?attr/textAppearanceSmall</item> <item name="listPreferredItemPaddingLeft">6dip</item> <item name="listPreferredItemPaddingRight">6dip</item> <item name="listPreferredItemPaddingStart">6dip</item> <item name="listPreferredItemPaddingEnd">6dip</item> <!-- @hide --> <item name="searchResultListItemHeight">58dip</item> <item name="listDivider">@drawable/divider_horizontal_dark</item> <item name="listSeparatorTextViewStyle">@style/Widget.TextView.ListSeparator</item> <item name="listChoiceIndicatorSingle">@drawable/btn_radio</item> <item name="listChoiceIndicatorMultiple">@drawable/btn_check</item> <item name="listChoiceBackgroundIndicator">@drawable/list_selector_background</item> <item name="activatedBackgroundIndicator">@drawable/activated_background</item> <item name="listDividerAlertDialog">@drawable/divider_horizontal_bright</item> <item name="expandableListPreferredItemPaddingLeft">40dip</item> <item name="expandableListPreferredChildPaddingLeft">?attr/expandableListPreferredItemPaddingLeft</item> <item name="expandableListPreferredItemIndicatorLeft">3dip</item> <item name="expandableListPreferredItemIndicatorRight">0dip</item> <item name="expandableListPreferredChildIndicatorLeft">?attr/expandableListPreferredItemIndicatorLeft</item> <item name="expandableListPreferredChildIndicatorRight">?attr/expandableListPreferredItemIndicatorRight</item> <item name="findOnPageNextDrawable">@drawable/ic_find_next_holo_dark</item> <item name="findOnPagePreviousDrawable">@drawable/ic_find_previous_holo_dark</item> <!-- Gallery attributes --> <item name="galleryItemBackground">@drawable/gallery_item_background</item> <!-- Window attributes --> <item name="windowBackground">@drawable/screen_background_selector_dark</item> <item name="windowBackgroundFallback">?attr/colorBackground</item> <item name="windowSplashScreenBackground">@color/transparent</item> <item name="windowSplashScreenAnimatedIcon">@null</item> <item name="windowSplashScreenBrandingImage">@null</item> <item name="windowSplashScreenIconBackgroundColor">@color/transparent</item> <item name="windowClipToOutline">false</item> <item name="windowFrame">@null</item> <item name="windowNoTitle">false</item> <item name="windowFullscreen">false</item> <item name="windowOverscan">false</item> <item name="windowIsFloating">false</item> <item name="windowContentOverlay">@null</item> <item name="windowShowWallpaper">false</item> <item name="windowTitleStyle">@style/WindowTitle</item> <item name="windowTitleSize">25dip</item> <item name="windowTitleBackgroundStyle">@style/WindowTitleBackground</item> <item name="windowAnimationStyle">@style/Animation.Activity</item> <item name="windowSoftInputMode">stateUnspecified|adjustUnspecified</item> <item name="windowActionBar">false</item> <item name="windowActionModeOverlay">false</item> <item name="windowCloseOnTouchOutside">false</item> <item name="windowTranslucentStatus">false</item> <item name="windowTranslucentNavigation">false</item> <item name="windowDrawsSystemBarBackgrounds">false</item> <item name="statusBarColor">@color/black</item> <item name="navigationBarColor">@color/navigation_bar_default</item> <item name="windowActionBarFullscreenDecorLayout">@layout/screen_action_bar</item> <item name="windowContentTransitions">false</item> <item name="windowActivityTransitions">false</item> <!-- Define these here; ContextThemeWrappers around themes that define them shouldalways clear these values. --><item name="windowFixedWidthMajor">0dp</item><item name="windowFixedWidthMinor">0dp</item><item name="windowFixedHeightMajor">0dp</item><item name="windowFixedHeightMinor">0dp</item><!-- Dialog attributes --><item name="dialogTheme">@style/Theme.Dialog</item><item name="dialogTitleIconsDecorLayout">@layout/dialog_title_icons</item><item name="dialogCustomTitleDecorLayout">@layout/dialog_custom_title</item><item name="dialogTitleDecorLayout">@layout/dialog_title</item><item name="dialogPreferredPadding">@dimen/dialog_padding</item><item name="dialogCornerRadius">0dp</item><!-- AlertDialog attributes --><item name="alertDialogTheme">@style/Theme.Dialog.Alert</item><item name="alertDialogStyle">@style/AlertDialog</item><item name="alertDialogCenterButtons">true</item><item name="alertDialogIcon">@drawable/ic_dialog_alert</item><!-- Presentation attributes (introduced after API level 10 so does nothave a special old-style theme. --><item name="presentationTheme">@style/Theme.DeviceDefault.Dialog.Presentation</item><!-- Toast attributes --><item name="toastFrameBackground">@drawable/toast_frame</item><!-- Panel attributes --><item name="panelBackground">@drawable/menu_background</item><item name="panelFullBackground">@drawable/menu_background_fill_parent_width</item><!-- These three attributes do not seems to be used by the framework. Declared public though --><item name="panelColorBackground">#000</item><item name="panelColorForeground">?attr/textColorPrimary</item><item name="panelTextAppearance">?attr/textAppearance</item><item name="panelMenuIsCompact">false</item><item name="panelMenuListWidth">296dip</item><!-- Scrollbar attributes --><item name="scrollbarFadeDuration">250</item><item name="scrollbarDefaultDelayBeforeFade">300</item><item name="scrollbarSize">10dip</item><item name="scrollbarThumbHorizontal">@drawable/scrollbar_handle_horizontal</item><item name="scrollbarThumbVertical">@drawable/scrollbar_handle_vertical</item><item name="scrollbarTrackHorizontal">@null</item><item name="scrollbarTrackVertical">@null</item><!-- Text selection handle attributes --><item name="textSelectHandleLeft">@drawable/text_select_handle_left_material</item><item name="textSelectHandleRight">@drawable/text_select_handle_right_material</item><item name="textSelectHandle">@drawable/text_select_handle_middle_material</item><item name="textSelectHandleWindowStyle">@style/Widget.TextSelectHandle</item><item name="textEditPasteWindowLayout">@layout/text_edit_paste_window</item><item name="textEditNoPasteWindowLayout">@layout/text_edit_no_paste_window</item><item name="textEditSidePasteWindowLayout">@layout/text_edit_side_paste_window</item><item name="textEditSideNoPasteWindowLayout">@layout/text_edit_side_no_paste_window</item><item name="textCursorDrawable">@null</item><!-- Widget styles --><item name="absListViewStyle">@style/Widget.AbsListView</item><item name="autoCompleteTextViewStyle">@style/Widget.AutoCompleteTextView</item><item name="checkboxStyle">@style/Widget.CompoundButton.CheckBox</item><item name="checkedTextViewStyle">@style/Widget.CheckedTextView</item><item name="dropDownListViewStyle">@style/Widget.ListView.DropDown</item><item name="editTextStyle">@style/Widget.EditText</item><item name="expandableListViewStyle">@style/Widget.ExpandableListView</item><item name="expandableListViewWhiteStyle">@style/Widget.ExpandableListView.White</item><item name="fastScrollStyle">@style/Widget.FastScroll</item><item name="galleryStyle">@style/Widget.Gallery</item><item name="gestureOverlayViewStyle">@style/Widget.GestureOverlayView</item><item name="gridViewStyle">@style/Widget.GridView</item><item name="imageButtonStyle">@style/Widget.ImageButton</item><item name="imageWellStyle">@style/Widget.ImageWell</item><item name="listViewStyle">@style/Widget.ListView</item><item name="listViewWhiteStyle">@style/Widget.ListView.White</item><item name="popupWindowStyle">@style/Widget.PopupWindow</item><item name="progressBarStyle">@style/Widget.ProgressBar</item><item name="progressBarStyleHorizontal">@style/Widget.ProgressBar.Horizontal</item><item name="progressBarStyleSmall">@style/Widget.ProgressBar.Small</item><item name="progressBarStyleSmallTitle">@style/Widget.ProgressBar.Small.Title</item><item name="progressBarStyleLarge">@style/Widget.ProgressBar.Large</item><item name="progressBarStyleInverse">@style/Widget.ProgressBar.Inverse</item><item name="progressBarStyleSmallInverse">@style/Widget.ProgressBar.Small.Inverse</item><item name="progressBarStyleLargeInverse">@style/Widget.ProgressBar.Large.Inverse</item><item name="seekBarStyle">@style/Widget.SeekBar</item><item name="ratingBarStyle">@style/Widget.RatingBar</item><item name="ratingBarStyleIndicator">@style/Widget.RatingBar.Indicator</item><item name="ratingBarStyleSmall">@style/Widget.RatingBar.Small</item><item name="radioButtonStyle">@style/Widget.CompoundButton.RadioButton</item><item name="scrollViewStyle">@style/Widget.ScrollView</item><item name="horizontalScrollViewStyle">@style/Widget.HorizontalScrollView</item><item name="spinnerStyle">@style/Widget.Spinner</item><item name="dropDownSpinnerStyle">@style/Widget.Spinner.DropDown</item><item name="starStyle">@style/Widget.CompoundButton.Star</item><item name="tabWidgetStyle">@style/Widget.TabWidget</item><item name="textViewStyle">@style/Widget.TextView</item><item name="errorMessageBackground">@drawable/popup_inline_error</item><item name="errorMessageAboveBackground">@drawable/popup_inline_error_above</item><item name="webTextViewStyle">@style/Widget.WebTextView</item><item name="webViewStyle">@style/Widget.WebView</item><item name="dropDownItemStyle">@style/Widget.DropDownItem</item><item name="spinnerDropDownItemStyle">@style/Widget.DropDownItem.Spinner</item><item name="spinnerItemStyle">@style/Widget.TextView.SpinnerItem</item><item name="dropDownHintAppearance">@style/TextAppearance.Widget.DropDownHint</item><item name="keyboardViewStyle">@style/Widget.KeyboardView</item><item name="quickContactBadgeOverlay">@drawable/quickcontact_badge_overlay_dark</item><item name="quickContactBadgeStyleWindowSmall">@style/Widget.QuickContactBadge.WindowSmall</item><item name="quickContactBadgeStyleWindowMedium">@style/Widget.QuickContactBadge.WindowMedium</item><item name="quickContactBadgeStyleWindowLarge">@style/Widget.QuickContactBadge.WindowLarge</item><item name="quickContactBadgeStyleSmallWindowSmall">@style/Widget.QuickContactBadgeSmall.WindowSmall</item><item name="quickContactBadgeStyleSmallWindowMedium">@style/Widget.QuickContactBadgeSmall.WindowMedium</item><item name="quickContactBadgeStyleSmallWindowLarge">@style/Widget.QuickContactBadgeSmall.WindowLarge</item><item name="listPopupWindowStyle">@style/Widget.ListPopupWindow</item><item name="popupMenuStyle">@style/Widget.PopupMenu</item><item name="popupTheme">@null</item><item name="activityChooserViewStyle">@style/Widget.ActivityChooserView</item><item name="fragmentBreadCrumbsStyle">@style/Widget.FragmentBreadCrumbs</item><item name="contextPopupMenuStyle">?attr/popupMenuStyle</item><item name="magnifierStyle">@style/Widget.Magnifier</item><!-- Preference styles --><item name="preferenceScreenStyle">@style/Preference.PreferenceScreen</item><item name="preferenceActivityStyle">@style/PreferenceActivity</item><item name="preferenceFragmentStyle">@style/PreferenceFragment</item><item name="preferenceCategoryStyle">@style/Preference.Category</item><item name="preferenceStyle">@style/Preference</item><item name="preferenceInformationStyle">@style/Preference.Information</item><item name="checkBoxPreferenceStyle">@style/Preference.CheckBoxPreference</item><item name="switchPreferenceStyle">@style/Preference.SwitchPreference</item><item name="seekBarPreferenceStyle">@style/Preference.SeekBarPreference</item><item name="yesNoPreferenceStyle">@style/Preference.DialogPreference.YesNoPreference</item><item name="dialogPreferenceStyle">@style/Preference.DialogPreference</item><item name="seekBarDialogPreferenceStyle">@style/Preference.DialogPreference.SeekBarPreference</item><item name="editTextPreferenceStyle">@style/Preference.DialogPreference.EditTextPreference</item><item name="ringtonePreferenceStyle">@style/Preference.RingtonePreference</item><item name="preferenceLayoutChild">@layout/preference_child</item><item name="preferencePanelStyle">@style/PreferencePanel</item><item name="preferenceHeaderPanelStyle">@style/PreferenceHeaderPanel</item><item name="preferenceListStyle">@style/PreferenceHeaderList</item><item name="preferenceFragmentListStyle">@style/PreferenceFragmentList</item><item name="preferenceFragmentPaddingSide">@dimen/preference_fragment_padding_side</item><item name="detailsElementBackground">@drawable/panel_bg_holo_dark</item><!-- Search widget styles --><item name="searchWidgetCorpusItemBackground">@color/search_widget_corpus_item_background</item><!-- Action bar styles --><item name="actionDropDownStyle">@style/Widget.Spinner.DropDown</item><item name="actionButtonStyle">@style/Widget.ActionButton</item><item name="actionOverflowButtonStyle">@style/Widget.ActionButton.Overflow</item><item name="actionOverflowMenuStyle">?attr/popupMenuStyle</item><item name="actionModeBackground">@drawable/cab_background_top_holo_dark</item><item name="actionModeSplitBackground">@null</item><item name="actionModeCloseDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_close_clear_cancel</item><item name="actionModeCutDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_cut_holo_dark</item><item name="actionModeCopyDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_copy_holo_dark</item><item name="actionModePasteDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_paste_holo_dark</item><item name="actionModeSelectAllDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_selectall_holo_dark</item><item name="actionModeShareDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_share_holo_dark</item><item name="actionModeFindDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_find_holo_dark</item><item name="actionModeWebSearchDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_search</item><item name="actionModeUndoDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_undo_material</item><item name="actionModeRedoDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_redo_material</item><item name="actionBarTabStyle">@style/Widget.ActionBar.TabView</item><item name="actionBarTabBarStyle">@style/Widget.ActionBar.TabBar</item><item name="actionBarTabTextStyle">@style/Widget.ActionBar.TabText</item><item name="actionModeStyle">@style/Widget.ActionMode</item><item name="actionModeCloseButtonStyle">@style/Widget.ActionButton.CloseMode</item><item name="actionBarStyle">@style/Widget.ActionBar</item><item name="actionBarSplitStyle">?attr/actionBarStyle</item><item name="actionBarSize">@dimen/action_bar_default_height</item><item name="actionModePopupWindowStyle">?attr/popupWindowStyle</item><item name="actionMenuTextAppearance">@style/TextAppearance.Holo.Widget.ActionBar.Menu</item><item name="actionMenuTextColor">?attr/textColorPrimary</item><item name="actionBarWidgetTheme">@null</item><item name="actionBarPopupTheme">@null</item><item name="actionBarTheme">@null</item><item name="actionBarDivider">?attr/dividerVertical</item><item name="actionBarItemBackground">?attr/selectableItemBackground</item><item name="toolbarStyle">@style/Widget.Toolbar</item><item name="dividerVertical">@drawable/divider_vertical_dark</item><item name="dividerHorizontal">@drawable/divider_vertical_dark</item><item name="buttonBarStyle">@style/ButtonBar</item><item name="buttonBarButtonStyle">?attr/buttonStyle</item><item name="buttonBarPositiveButtonStyle">?attr/buttonBarButtonStyle</item><item name="buttonBarNegativeButtonStyle">?attr/buttonBarButtonStyle</item><item name="buttonBarNeutralButtonStyle">?attr/buttonBarButtonStyle</item><item name="segmentedButtonStyle">@style/SegmentedButton</item><item name="fingerprintAuthDrawable">@drawable/ic_fingerprint</item><!-- Floating toolbar styles --><item name="floatingToolbarCloseDrawable">@drawable/ic_ab_back_material_dark</item><item name="floatingToolbarForegroundColor">@color/foreground_material_dark</item><item name="floatingToolbarItemBackgroundBorderlessDrawable">@drawable/item_background_borderless_material_dark</item><item name="floatingToolbarItemBackgroundDrawable">@drawable/item_background_material_dark</item><item name="floatingToolbarOpenDrawable">@drawable/ic_menu_moreoverflow_material_dark</item><item name="floatingToolbarPopupBackgroundDrawable">@drawable/floating_popup_background_dark</item><item name="floatingToolbarDividerColor">@color/floating_popup_divider_dark</item><!-- SearchView attributes --><item name="searchViewStyle">@style/Widget.Holo.SearchView</item><item name="searchDialogTheme">@style/Theme.SearchBar</item><!-- PreferenceFrameLayout attributes --><item name="preferenceFrameLayoutStyle">@style/Widget.PreferenceFrameLayout</item><!-- NumberPicker style--><item name="numberPickerStyle">@style/Widget.NumberPicker</item><!-- CalendarView style--><item name="calendarViewStyle">@style/Widget.CalendarView</item><!-- TimePicker style --><item name="timePickerStyle">@style/Widget.TimePicker</item><!-- TimePicker dialog theme --><item name="timePickerDialogTheme">?attr/alertDialogTheme</item><!-- DatePicker style --><item name="datePickerStyle">@style/Widget.DatePicker</item><!-- DatePicker dialog theme --><item name="datePickerDialogTheme">?attr/alertDialogTheme</item><item name="fastScrollThumbDrawable">@drawable/scrollbar_handle_accelerated_anim2</item><item name="fastScrollTrackDrawable">@null</item><item name="fastScrollPreviewBackgroundRight">@drawable/menu_submenu_background</item><item name="fastScrollPreviewBackgroundLeft">@drawable/menu_submenu_background</item><item name="fastScrollOverlayPosition">floating</item><item name="fastScrollTextColor">@color/primary_text_dark</item><item name="colorPressedHighlight">@color/legacy_pressed_highlight</item><item name="colorLongPressedHighlight">@color/legacy_long_pressed_highlight</item><item name="colorFocusedHighlight">@color/legacy_selected_highlight</item><item name="colorMultiSelectHighlight">@color/legacy_selected_highlight</item><item name="colorActivatedHighlight">@color/legacy_selected_highlight</item><item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/legacy_primary_dark</item><item name="colorPrimary">@color/legacy_primary</item><item name="colorSecondary">?attr/colorPrimary</item><item name="colorControlActivated">@color/legacy_control_activated</item><item name="colorControlNormal">@color/legacy_control_normal</item><item name="colorControlHighlight">@color/legacy_button_pressed</item><item name="colorButtonNormal">@color/legacy_button_normal</item><item name="colorEdgeEffect">?attr/colorPrimary</item><!-- Accessibility focused drawable --><item name="accessibilityFocusedDrawable">@drawable/view_accessibility_focused</item><!-- Autofilled highlight drawable --><item name="autofilledHighlight">@drawable/autofilled_highlight</item><!-- Lighting and shadow properties --><item name="lightY">@dimen/light_y</item><item name="lightZ">@dimen/light_z</item><item name="lightRadius">@dimen/light_radius</item><item name="ambientShadowAlpha">@dimen/ambient_shadow_alpha</item><item name="spotShadowAlpha">@dimen/spot_shadow_alpha</item><!-- Tooltip popup properties --><item name="tooltipFrameBackground">@drawable/tooltip_frame</item><item name="tooltipForegroundColor">@color/bright_foreground_light</item><item name="tooltipBackgroundColor">@color/tooltip_background_light</item><!-- Autofill: max width/height of the dataset picker as a fraction of screen size --><item name="autofillDatasetPickerMaxWidth">@dimen/autofill_dataset_picker_max_width</item><item name="autofillDatasetPickerMaxHeight">@dimen/autofill_dataset_picker_max_height</item><!-- Autofill: max height of custom save subtitle as a fraction of screen size --><item name="autofillSaveCustomSubtitleMaxHeight">@dimen/autofill_save_custom_subtitle_max_height</item></style>

总结:
Android Style 是一种强大的工具，可以用于统一定义应用程序中的视图元素外观和行为。通过合理地使用样式，我们可以提高应用程序的可维护性、可重用性和一致性。本文介绍了 Android Style 的基本概念、使用方法以及一些最佳实践。希望这些信息对你在开发 Android 应用程序时能够更好地应用和利用 Style 提升用户体验。