注意下：--volume=宿主机目录:/data 和 --publish=宿主机port:7474 --publish=宿主机port:7687

docker run -d \
--publish=9801:7474 --publish=9802:7687 \
--env NEO4J_AUTH=neo4j/passwd \
--volume=/opt/docker/data/vol-data/neo4j4.2:/data \
--restart always \
--memory 2G
--name neo4j4.2 neo4j:4.2.9-community

查看容器占用内存

docker stats neo4j4.2
# CONTAINER ID   NAME       CPU %     MEM USAGE / LIMIT   MEM %     NET I/O         BLOCK I/O         PIDS
# a3dbc78b8ac2   neo4j4.2   0.34%     395.8MiB / 2GiB     19.33%    738kB / 605kB   80.6MB / 5.77MB   47

docker exec -it neo4j4.2 /bin/bash
cd /var/lib/neo4j/conf

cat neo4j.conf
可以看到neo4j的配置文件 neo4j.conf,默认#dbms.memory.heap.initial_size=512m #dbms.memory.heap.max_size=512m 都没有配置。而dbms.memory.pagecache.size=512M已配置

# 启动java-heap内存，建议启动和最大设置成一样的。
# Java Heap Size: by default the Java heap size is dynamically calculated based
# on available system resources. Uncomment these lines to set specific initial
# and maximum heap size.
#dbms.memory.heap.initial_size=512m
#dbms.memory.heap.max_size=512m# neo4j索引从文件系统映射内存。设置内存大小。
# The amount of memory to use for mapping the store files.
# The default page cache memory assumes the machine is dedicated to running
# Neo4j, and is heuristically set to 50% of RAM minus the Java heap size.
#dbms.memory.pagecache.size=10g# 全局事务内存。所有事务的总内存
# Limit the amount of memory that all of the running transaction can consume.
# By default there is no limit.
#dbms.memory.transaction.global_max_size=256m# 单个事务的内存。
# Limit the amount of memory that a single transaction can consume.
# By default there is no limit.
#dbms.memory.transaction.max_size=16m

docker 配置文档
neo4j配置官网
修改配置：

# 复制到宿主机docker cp neo4j4.2:/var/lib/neo4j/conf/neo4j.conf .# 内容 vim neo4j.conf ：
dbms.memory.heap.initial_size=512m
dbms.memory.heap.max_size=512m
dbms.memory.transaction.global_max_size=512m
dbms.memory.pagecache.size=1024M# 复制回去
docker cp ./neo4j.conf neo4j4.2:/var/lib/neo4j/conf
# check一下
docker exec neo4j4.2 cat /var/lib/neo4j/conf/neo4j.conf | grep memory
# 重启容器
docker restart neo4j4.2

参考文章

如何为 docker 容器设置内存限制？