引言

日常运行自动化测试用例，通常是晚上定时启动 pipeline job，一个 pipeline 脚本可能会涉及到多个 Job, 最后 post 发邮件汇总测试 report。有时会遇到 Jenkins 环境问题导致某 Job 失败，第二天需要手动触发 job 重跑，这样影响工作效率。那我们是否可以在 pipeline 脚本里自动 retry 呢？

retry

在 Jenkins Pipeline 中，可以使用 retry 指令来重试某个步骤。以下是一个基本的示例：

pipeline {agent anystages {stage('Test') {steps {retry(3) {// 这里放置你想要重试的步骤}}}}
}

在这个示例中，如果步骤失败，Jenkins 会尝试重新运行它，最多重试 3 次。你可以根据需要更改重试次数。

retry 实例

可以运行下面这个 pipeline 脚本实例，其中 Build stage 中有加 retry 3 次。

pipeline {agent { label "xxx" }stages {stage('Preparation') {steps {echo 'Preparing...'}}stage('Build') {steps {retry(3) {script {echo "Attempting to build..."// 可能失败的命令sh 'make build'}}}}stage('Test') {steps {echo 'Running tests...'}}}
}

jenkins pipeline 执行 log，Build stage 执行了 3 次均失败，所以 Test stage 将不再执行。

20:08:23  [Pipeline] {
20:08:23  [Pipeline] stage
20:08:23  [Pipeline] { (Preparation)
20:08:23  [Pipeline] echo
20:08:23  Preparing...
20:08:23  [Pipeline] }
20:08:23  [Pipeline] // stage
20:08:23  [Pipeline] stage
20:08:23  [Pipeline] { (Build)
20:08:23  [Pipeline] retry
20:08:23  [Pipeline] {
20:08:23  [Pipeline] script
20:08:23  [Pipeline] {
20:08:23  [Pipeline] echo
20:08:23  Attempting to build...
20:08:23  [Pipeline] sh
20:08:24  + make build
20:08:24  make: *** No rule to make target 'build'.  Stop.
20:08:24  [Pipeline] }
20:08:24  [Pipeline] // script
20:08:24  [Pipeline] }
20:08:24  ERROR: script returned exit code 2
20:08:24  Retrying
20:08:24  [Pipeline] {
20:08:24  [Pipeline] script
20:08:24  [Pipeline] {
20:08:24  [Pipeline] echo
20:08:24  Attempting to build...
20:08:24  [Pipeline] sh
20:08:24  + make build
20:08:24  make: *** No rule to make target 'build'.  Stop.
20:08:24  [Pipeline] }
20:08:24  [Pipeline] // script
20:08:24  [Pipeline] }
20:08:24  ERROR: script returned exit code 2
20:08:24  Retrying
20:08:24  [Pipeline] {
20:08:25  [Pipeline] script
20:08:25  [Pipeline] {
20:08:25  [Pipeline] echo
20:08:25  Attempting to build...
20:08:25  [Pipeline] sh
20:08:25  + make build
20:08:25  make: *** No rule to make target 'build'.  Stop.
20:08:25  [Pipeline] }
20:08:25  [Pipeline] // script
20:08:25  [Pipeline] }
20:08:25  [Pipeline] // retry
20:08:25  [Pipeline] }
20:08:25  [Pipeline] // stage
20:08:25  [Pipeline] stage
20:08:25  [Pipeline] { (Test)
20:08:25  Stage "Test" skipped due to earlier failure(s)
20:08:25  [Pipeline] }
20:08:25  [Pipeline] // stage
20:08:25  [Pipeline] }
20:08:26  [Pipeline] // node
20:08:26  [Pipeline] End of Pipeline
20:08:26  ERROR: script returned exit code 2
20:08:26  Finished: FAILURE