oracle linux8.10+ oracle 23ai安装

介质准备：

数据库23ai

https://edelivery.oracle.com

上述网站下载基础版本，本次未使用。

本次是安装了带补丁的版本：

Database Release Update 23.6.0.24.10 GoldImage表示带补丁用于直接安装的软件包

查找888.1对应Primary Note for Database Quarterly Release Updates (Doc ID 888.1)

操作系统：8以上的版本

Oracle Linux ISOs | Oracle, Software. Hardware. Complete.

基本准备：

配置/etc/selinux/config
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
cat /etc/selinux/config

关闭防火墙
systemctl status firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl status firewalld.service

依赖包安装：

https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/appstream/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-23ai-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@ora23ai ~]# dnf install wget

[root@ora23ai ~]# wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/appstream/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-23ai-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@ora23ai ~]# rpm -ivh oracle-database-preinstall-23ai-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@ora23ai ~]# dnf install -y oracle-database-preinstall-23ai*

以上步骤安装了oracle用户和组

创建目录：

[root@ora23ai ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@ora23ai ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1
[root@ora23ai ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

环境变量：

[oracle@ora23ai ~]$ more .bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=ora23ai #数据库database.rsp中的SID
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle #BASE目录
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1 #oracle安装包的目录
export PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/OPatch:/home/oracle/.local/bin:/home/oracle/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin
export TNS_ADMIN=/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/lib:/lib32:/lib/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMP=/tmp
export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
[oracle@ora23ai ~]$

传文件到$ORACLE_HOME：

[oracle@ora23ai ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/
[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$ ll
total 0
[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$ ll
total 2178076
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2230348508 Dec 18 15:50 p37037908_230000_Linux-x86-64-23.6.0.24.10.zip
[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1

[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$unzip p37037908_230000_Linux-x86-64-23.6.0.24.10.zip

[root@ora23ai ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/

准备安装db软件脚本：

[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$ cat > /home/oracle/db_install.rsp <<EOF
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v23.0.0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY 
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.sudoPath=
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.sudoUserName=
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=ora23ai
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=ora23ai
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=
oracle.install.db.config.PDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=Ora23ai_202412
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=Ora23ai_202412
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=Ora23ai_202412
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=Ora23ai_202412
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=Ora23ai_202412
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsHost=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsPort=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminUser=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminPassword=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
EOF

执行安装db软件操作：

[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq -J"-Doracle.install.db.validate.supportedOSCheck=false"
Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard...

[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements.
CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. installActions2024-12-23_04-24-20PM.log.
ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: installActions2024-12-23_04-24-20PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
The response file for this session can be found at:
/u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/install/response/db_2024-12-23_04-24-20PM.rsp

You can find the log of this install session at:
/tmp/InstallActions2024-12-23_04-24-20PM/installActions2024-12-23_04-24-20PM.log

As a root user, run the following script(s):
1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/root.sh

Run /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh on the following nodes:
[ora23ai]
Run /u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/root.sh on the following nodes:
[ora23ai]

Successfully Setup Software with warning(s).
Moved the install session logs to:
/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2024-12-23_04-24-20PM
[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$
[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora23ai/scripts
-bash: cd: /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora23ai/scripts: No such file or directory

生成建库脚本：
[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$ dbca -silent -generateScripts -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname ora23ai -sid ora23ai \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 -datafileDestination /u01/app/oracle/oradata \
-memoryPercentage 50 -emConfiguration LOCAL

Prepare for db operation
10% complete
Copying database files
40% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
42% complete
46% complete
50% complete
54% complete
60% complete
Completing Database Creation
64% complete
67% complete
70% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
The generation of the script "/u01/app/oracle/admin/ora23ai/scripts" is successful.
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora23ai/ora23ai.log" for further details.
[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$
[oracle@ora23ai db_1]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/ora23ai/scripts
[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$ ll
total 18364
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 3224 Dec 23 16:30 cloneDBCreation.sql
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1061 Dec 23 16:30 CloneRmanRestore.sql
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2025 Dec 23 16:30 init.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2034 Dec 23 16:30 initora23aiTempOMF.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 2159 Dec 23 16:30 initora23aiTemp.ora
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 853 Dec 23 16:30 lockAccount.sql
-rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 745 Dec 23 16:30 ora23ai.sh
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 562 Dec 23 16:30 ora23ai.sql
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 891 Dec 23 16:30 postDBCreation.sql
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1468 Dec 23 16:30 postScripts.sql
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 897 Dec 23 16:30 rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 18759680 Dec 23 16:30 tempControl.ctl

修改三个文件init*.ora,增加参数
_exadata_feature_on=true

[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$ grep exadata *.ora
init.ora:_exadata_feature_on=true
initora23aiTempOMF.ora:_exadata_feature_on=true
initora23aiTemp.ora:_exadata_feature_on=true

执行建库：

[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$ nohup ./ora23ai.sh > ./ora23ai.log &
[1] 31143
[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$ nohup: ignoring input and redirecting stderr to stdout

[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$
[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$
[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$
[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$ tail -f ora23ai.log

创建监听：

[oracle@ora23ai ~]$ netca -silent -responsefile /u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
ProfileException: Could not save Profile: TNS-04415: File i/o error
caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /network/admin/sqlnet.ora (No such file or directory)
Profile configuration complete.
ListenerException: Could not save listener: TNS-04415: File i/o error
caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /network/admin/listener.ora (No such file or directory)
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
[oracle@ora23ai ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems on 24-DEC-2024 10:07:29

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems
Start Date 24-DEC-2024 10:06:58
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 30 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora23ai/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora23ai)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

起库检查：

[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems on Mon Dec 23 16:45:59 2024
Version 23.6.0.24.10

Connected to:
Oracle Database 23ai Enterprise Edition Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems
Version 23.6.0.24.10

SQL> show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ WRITE YES
SQL> select comp_id, status from dba_registry;

COMP_ID
------------------------------------------------------------
STATUS
----------------------
CATALOG
VALID

CATPROC
VALID

RAC
OPTION OFF

COMP_ID
------------------------------------------------------------
STATUS
----------------------
JAVAVM
VALID

XML
VALID

CATJAVA
VALID

COMP_ID
------------------------------------------------------------
STATUS
----------------------
APS
VALID

XDB
VALID

OWM
VALID

COMP_ID
------------------------------------------------------------
STATUS
----------------------
CONTEXT
VALID

XOQ
VALID

SDO
VALID

COMP_ID
------------------------------------------------------------
STATUS
----------------------
OLS
VALID

DV
VALID

14 rows selected.

SQL> set line 160
SQL> set wrap off
SQL> r
1* select comp_id, status from dba_registry

COMP_ID STATUS
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------
CATALOG VALID
CATPROC VALID
RAC OPTION OFF
JAVAVM VALID
XML VALID
CATJAVA VALID
APS VALID
XDB VALID
OWM VALID
CONTEXT VALID
XOQ VALID

COMP_ID STATUS
------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------
SDO VALID
OLS VALID
DV VALID

14 rows selected.

SQL> show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ WRITE YES

SQL> !ls -l /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA23AI
total 2394956
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 18759680 Dec 23 16:48 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 18759680 Dec 23 16:48 control02.ctl
drwxr-x---. 2 oracle oinstall 85 Dec 23 16:39 pdbseed
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Dec 23 16:48 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Dec 23 16:39 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Dec 23 16:39 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 639639552 Dec 23 16:45 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1111498752 Dec 23 16:44 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Dec 23 16:39 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 26222592 Dec 23 16:44 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7348224 Dec 23 16:39 users01.dbf

SQL> create pluggable database ora23aipdb01 admin user ora23aipdb01 identified by Ora23ai_202412 file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA23AI/pdbseed','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora23aipdb01');

Pluggable database created.

SQL> show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ WRITE YES
3 ORA23AIPDB01 MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database ORA23AIPDB01 open instances=all;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ WRITE YES
3 ORA23AIPDB01 READ WRITE NO
SQL> alter pluggable database all open save state instances=all;
alter pluggable database all open save state instances=all
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-03049: SQL keyword 'SAVE' is not syntactically valid following '...pluggable database all open '
Help: https://docs.oracle.com/error-help/db/ora-03049/

SQL> alter pluggable database all save state instances=all;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/dbs/initora23ai.ora'

[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$ cp init.ora /u01/app/oracle/product/23/db_1/dbs/initora23ai.ora
[oracle@ora23ai scripts]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems on Mon Dec 23 16:53:24 2024
Version 23.6.0.24.10

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 3805934600 bytes
Fixed Size 5428232 bytes
Variable Size 754974720 bytes
Database Buffers 3036676096 bytes
Redo Buffers 8855552 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter name;

NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ----------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
cdb_cluster_name string

cell_offloadgroup_name string

db_file_name_convert string

db_name string
ora23ai
db_unique_name string

NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ----------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
ora23ai
global_names boolean
FALSE
instance_name string
ora23ai
lock_name_space string

log_file_name_convert string

NAME TYPE
------------------------------------ ----------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
pdb_file_name_convert string

processor_group_name string

service_names string
ora23ai
SQL> show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 ORA23AIPDB01 READ WRITE NO
SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BANNER_FULL
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BANNER_LEGACY
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CON_ID
----------
Oracle Database 23ai Enterprise Edition Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud an
d Engineered Systems
Oracle Database 23ai Enterprise Edition Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud an
d Engineered Systems
Version 23.6.0.24.10

SQL> alter session set container=ORA23AIPDB01;

Session altered.

SQL> select name from v$tablespace;

NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEM
SYSAUX
UNDOTBS1
TEMP

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora23aipdb01/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora23aipdb01/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora23aipdb01/undotbs01.dbf

SQL> create tablespace jyc datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora23aipdb01/jyc01.dbf' size 10M autoextend on next 1M;

Tablespace created.

SQL> set line 160
SQL> set wrap off
SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME,BIGFILE from dba_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME BIGFIL
------------------------------------------------------------ ------
SYSTEM YES
SYSAUX YES
UNDOTBS1 YES
TEMP NO
JYC YES

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME,BIGFILE from dba_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME BIGFIL
------------------------------------------------------------ ------
SYSTEM YES
SYSAUX YES
UNDOTBS1 YES
TEMP NO
USERS YES

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

SQL> alter session set container=ORA23AIPDB01;

Session altered.

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

[oracle@ora23ai ~]$ sqlplus ora23aipdb01/Ora23ai_202412@192.168.207.132:1521/ora23aipdb01

SQL*Plus: Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems on Tue Dec 24 10:20:27 2024
Version 23.6.0.24.10

Connected to:
Oracle Database 23ai Enterprise Edition Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems
Version 23.6.0.24.10

SQL> select name from v$datafile;
select name from v$datafile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view "SYS"."V_$DATAFILE" does not exist
Help: https://docs.oracle.com/error-help/db/ora-00942/

SQL> select * from v$datafile;
select * from v$datafile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view "SYS"."V_$DATAFILE" does not exist
Help: https://docs.oracle.com/error-help/db/ora-00942/

SQL> create table test(id int);
create table test(id int)
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
Help: https://docs.oracle.com/error-help/db/ora-01031/

SQL> select object_name from user_objects;

no rows selected

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show pdbs;

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 ORA23AIPDB01 READ WRITE NO
SQL> alter session set container=ORA23AIPDB01;

Session altered.

SQL> grant dba to ora23aipdb01;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 23ai Enterprise Edition Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems
Version 23.6.0.24.10
[oracle@ora23ai ~]$ sqlplus ora23aipdb01/Ora23ai_202412@192.168.207.132:1521/ora23aipdb01

SQL*Plus: Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems on Tue Dec 24 10:22:34 2024
Version 23.6.0.24.10

Last Successful login time: Tue Dec 24 2024 10:20:27 +08:00

Connected to:
Oracle Database 23ai Enterprise Edition Release 23.0.0.0.0 - for Oracle Cloud and Engineered Systems
Version 23.6.0.24.10

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

SQL> create table test(id int);

Table created.

SQL> show user;
USER is "ORA23AIPDB01"
SQL> show pdbs;
SP2-0382: The SHOW PDBS command is not available
Help: https://docs.oracle.com/error-help/db/sp2-0382/
SQL>