用HAL库改写江科大的stm32入门-7-1 ADC

实验目的:了解ADC基本概念

电路图：

ADC（Analog-Digital Converter）模拟-数字转换器，它可以将引脚上连续变化的模拟电压转换为内存中存储的数字变量，建立模拟电路到数字电路的桥梁。

实验效果：

（一）单次非扫描实验步骤：

1. 选择通道

2. 选择为独立模式;

3. 设置数据为右对齐、非扫描模式、非连续模式。

4. 转换通道数为1，因为前面只勾选上了IN0

2、时钟配置：

ADC时钟来自RCC内部72M时钟，但是ADC时钟最大频率只能是14MHZ，而ADC的预分频器只能选择2/4/6/8。综上所述，ADC的预分频器最大只能选择6分频，频率12MHZ

oled 配置：为方便，把前面相关博文复制一份在这：

用HAL库改写江科大的stm32入门例子4-1 OLED_江科大oled移植hal库-CSDN博客

GPIO引脚映射：（pb8、pb9）

i2c1设置：

引入oled驱动：

驱动文件在共享网盘中，有需要自行下载：

由于我们自己重新映射了iic 引脚，要在oled.中修改引脚：

main函数中引入oled.h

测试代码：

		/*模块初始化*/OLED_Init();		//OLED初始化/*OLED显示*/OLED_ShowChar(1, 1, 'A');				//1行1列显示字符A

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wh_xia_jun/article/details/138889005

3、main函数中校正ADC，固定写法

HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1);

4、编写转换并获取ADC函数

uint16_t StartAndGetOneResult(){HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);  //启动ADC转换HalState= HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, 10);//等待转换完成if(HalState == HAL_OK){Ret=HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);  //获取ADC转换结果} else{Ret=0;}//HAL_ADC_Stop(&hadc1);return  Ret;
}

5、while中获取显示

  while (1){ADValue= StartAndGetOneResult();  //启动ADC转换并获取结果OLED_ShowNum(1,9,ADValue,4); //显示AD转换值Voltage=(float) ADValue/ 4095 *3.3;  //计算电压值OLED_ShowNum(2,9,(uint32_t)Voltage,1); //显示电压值整数部分OLED_ShowNum(2,11,((uint16_t)(Voltage * 100)) % 100,2); //显示电压值小数部分HAL_Delay(100);/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}

main文件中完整代码：

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file           : main.c* @brief          : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "i2c.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "oled.h"/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD *//* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
HAL_StatusTypeDef HalState;  //HAL库函数返回状态
uint16_t Ret; //返回值
uint16_t ADValue; //AD转换值
float Voltage; //电压值
/* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
//启动ADC转换并获取结果
uint16_t StartAndGetOneResult(){HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);  //启动ADC转换HalState= HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, 10);//等待转换完成if(HalState == HAL_OK){Ret=HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);  //获取ADC转换结果} else{Ret=0;}//HAL_ADC_Stop(&hadc1);return  Ret;
}/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_ADC1_Init();MX_I2C1_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *//*模块初始化*/OLED_Init();		//OLED初始化/*OLED显示*/OLED_ShowString(1,1,"ADValue:");OLED_ShowString(2,1,"Voltage:0.00V");HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1);/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){ADValue= StartAndGetOneResult();  //启动ADC转换并获取结果OLED_ShowNum(1,9,ADValue,4); //显示AD转换值Voltage=(float) ADValue/ 4095 *3.3;  //计算电压值OLED_ShowNum(2,9,(uint32_t)Voltage,1); //显示电压值整数部分OLED_ShowNum(2,11,((uint16_t)(Voltage * 100)) % 100,2); //显示电压值小数部分HAL_Delay(100);/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_ADC;PeriphClkInit.AdcClockSelection = RCC_ADCPCLK2_DIV6;if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*         where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param  file: pointer to the source file name* @param  line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

（二）连续非扫描实验步骤：

1、与单次非扫描区别

连续模式打开且在代码中只需要执行一次开始转换即可，也不需要等待转换完成

完成代码如下：

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file           : main.c* @brief          : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file* in the root directory of this software component.* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "i2c.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "oled.h"/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD *//* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
HAL_StatusTypeDef HalState;  //HAL库函数返回状态
uint16_t Ret; //返回值
uint16_t ADValue; //AD转换值
float Voltage; //电压值
/* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
//启动ADC转换并获取结果
// uint16_t StartAndGetOneResult(){
// 	HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);  //启动ADC转换
// 	HalState= HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, 10);//等待转换完成
// 	if(HalState == HAL_OK){
// 		  Ret=HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);  //获取ADC转换结果
// 	} else{
// 		Ret=0;
// 	}
// 	//HAL_ADC_Stop(&hadc1);
// 	return  Ret;
// }uint16_t StartAndGetOneResult(){Ret=HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);return  Ret;
}/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief  The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_ADC1_Init();MX_I2C1_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *//*模块初始化*/OLED_Init();		//OLED初始化/*OLED显示*/OLED_ShowString(1,1,"ADValue:");OLED_ShowString(2,1,"Voltage:0.00V");HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1);HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);//只执行一次开始转换/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){ADValue= StartAndGetOneResult();  //获取结果OLED_ShowNum(1,9,ADValue,4); //显示AD转换值Voltage=(float) ADValue/ 4095 *3.3;  //计算电压值OLED_ShowNum(2,9,(uint32_t)Voltage,1); //显示电压值整数部分OLED_ShowNum(2,11,((uint16_t)(Voltage * 100)) % 100,2); //显示电压值小数部分HAL_Delay(100);/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_ADC;PeriphClkInit.AdcClockSelection = RCC_ADCPCLK2_DIV6;if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*         where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param  file: pointer to the source file name* @param  line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

在无论是连续模式还是非连续模式下，一旦执行了HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);函数，ADC开始转换。

在非连续模式下，您需要使用HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);函数来等待转换完成，然后使用HAL_ADC_GetValue函数来读取ADC值。此函数会阻塞直到转换完成或者超时。

在连续模式下，由于转换持续进行，您可以直接使用HAL_ADC_GetValue函数来读取最新的ADC值，无需等待转换完成。