一、 docker方式
docker pull postgres:16.0docker rm -f lhrpg16docker run --name lhrpg16 -h lhrpg16 -d -p 54329:5432 -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=lhr -e TZ=Asia/Shanghai postgres:16.0docker exec -it lhrpg16 bashdocker exec -it lhrpg16 psql -U postgres -d postgresselect * from pg_tables;
select version();二、yum方式
dnf install -y cmake make gcc zlib gcc-c++ perl readline readline-devel zlib zlib-devel \perl python36 tcl openssl ncurses-devel openldap pam perl-IPC-Run libicu-develdnf install epel-release -ydnf --enablerepo=powertools install perl-IPC-Run -y# 自2023年8月起，PostgreSQL RPM repo停止向PostgreSQL RPM repo添加新包，**包括PostgreSQL 16**.我们将维护旧的主要版本，直到每个主要版本被PostgreSQL项目终止。请访问这里每个主要版本的最新发布日期。https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgresql16-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpmwget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgresql16-server-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpmwget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgresql16-contrib-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpmwget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgis34_16-devel-3.4.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpmwget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgresql16-libs-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpm# 安装dnf localinstall postgresql16-*# （建议安装）安装开发包，若后期需要编译一些插件，例如pg_recovery、pg_dirtyread等都需要该包dnf localinstall postgresql16-devel-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpmrpm -aq| grep postgresecho "export PATH=/usr/pgsql-16/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile# 初始化/usr/pgsql-16/bin/postgresql-16-setup initdbsystemctl enable postgresql-16 --now# 本地登陆su - postgrespsql# 安装插件create extension pageinspect;create extension pg_stat_statements;select * from pg_extension;select * from pg_available_extensions order by name;# 修改密码alter user postgres with password 'lhr'; 或 \passwordselect * from pg_tables;select version();# 配置允许远程登陆cat >> /var/lib/pgsql/16/data/postgresql.conf <<"EOF"
listen_addresses = '*'
port=5432
unix_socket_directories='/var/lib/pgsql/16/data'
logging_collector = on
log_directory = 'pg_log'
log_filename = 'postgresql-%a.log'
log_truncate_on_rotation = on
EOFcat << EOF > /var/lib/pgsql/16/data/pg_hba.conf# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHODlocal all all trusthost all all ::1/128 trusthost all all 127.0.0.1/32 trusthost all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5host replication all 0.0.0.0/0 md5EOFsystemctl restart postgresql-16psql -U postgres -h 192.168.100.100 -d postgres -p54327# 从Postgresql 9.2开始，还可以使用URI格式进行远程连接：psql postgresql://myuser:mypasswd@myhost:5432/mydbpsql postgresql://postgres:lhr@192.168.100.100:54327/postgresmkdir -p /home/postgreschown postgres.postgres /home/sed -i 's|/var/lib/pgsql|/home/postgres|' /etc/passwdecho "lhr" |passwd --stdin postgrescat > /home/postgres/.bash_profile <<"EOF"
export PGPORT=54327
export PGHOME=/usr/pgsql-16
export PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/16/data
export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH
export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export DATE='date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"'
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PGHOST=$PGDATA
export PGUSER=postgres
export PGPASSWORD=lhr
export PGDATABASE=postgres
export PS1="[\u@\h \W]\$ "
alias ll='ls -l'
EOFchown postgres.postgres /home/postgres/.bash_profile三、编译方式
# 下载源码wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v16.0/postgresql-16.0.tar.gz# 创建用户groupadd -g 60000 pgsqluseradd -u 60000 -g pgsql pgsqlecho "lhr" | passwd --stdin pgsql# 创建目录mkdir -p /postgresql/{pgdata,archive,scripts,backup,pg16,soft}chown -R pgsql:pgsql /postgresqlchmod -R 775 /postgresql# 安装依赖包yum install -y cmake make gcc zlib gcc-c++ perl readline readline-devel zlib zlib-devel perl python36 tcl openssl ncurses-devel openldap pam perl-IPC-Run libicu-devel# 编译源码su - pgsqlcd /postgresql/softtar zxvf postgresql-16.0.tar.gzcd postgresql-16.0./configure --prefix=/postgresql/pg16make -j 8 && make installmake world -j 8 && make install-world# 配置环境变量cat >> ~/.bash_profile <<"EOF" export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 export PS1="[\u@\h \W]\$ " export PGPORT=5432 export PGDATA=/postgresql/pgdata export PGHOME=/postgresql/pg16 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH:. export DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"` export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH export PGHOST=$PGDATA export PGUSER=postgres export PGDATABASE=postgres EOFsource ~/.bash_profile# 初始化数据库su - pgsql/postgresql/pg16/bin/initdb -D /postgresql/pgdata -E UTF8 --locale=en_US.utf8 -U postgres --data-checksums# 调整参数cat >> /postgresql/pgdata/postgresql.conf <<"EOF" listen_addresses = '*' port=5432 unix_socket_directories='/postgresql/pgdata' logging_collector = on log_directory = 'pg_log' log_filename = 'postgresql-%a.log' log_truncate_on_rotation = on EOFcat >> /postgresql/pgdata/pg_hba.conf << EOF # TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD local all all trust host all all 127.0.0.1/32 trust host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5 host replication all 0.0.0.0/0 md5 EOF# 启动服务su - pgsqlpg_ctl startpg_ctl statuspg_ctl stop# 修改数据库超管密码pg_ctl start psqlalter user postgres with password 'lhr';exit# 注册服务到systemdcat > /etc/systemd/system/PG16.service <<"EOF" [Unit] Description=PostgreSQL database server Documentation=man:postgres(1) After=network.target[Service] Type=forking User=pgsql Group=pgsql Environment=PGPORT=5432 Environment=PGDATA=/postgresql/pgdata OOMScoreAdjust=-1000 ExecStart=/postgresql/pg16/bin/pg_ctl start -D ${PGDATA} -s -o "-p ${PGPORT}" -w -t 300 ExecStop=/postgresql/pg16/bin/pg_ctl stop -D ${PGDATA} -s -m fast ExecReload=/postgresql/pg16/bin/pg_ctl reload -D ${PGDATA} -s KillMode=mixed KillSignal=SIGINT TimeoutSec=0[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOFsystemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable PG16 --now systemctl start PG16 systemctl status PG16
随手一记：生成密码的密文sha256加密
echo -n "Enter Password: " && head -1 </dev/stdin | tr -d '\n' | sha256sum | cut -d" " -f1
)
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