查看磁盘挂载情况

df -h

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           3.9G   17M  3.9G   1% /run
tmpfs           3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda2        36G  2.6G   31G   8% /
tmpfs           783M     0  783M   0% /run/user/0

可以看到已挂载磁盘中没有申请的 500G 存储
查看磁盘挂载情况

lsblk

NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
vda    253:0    0   40G  0 disk 
├─vda1 253:1    0    4G  0 part [SWAP]
└─vda2 253:2    0   36G  0 part /
vdb    253:16   0  500G  0 disk 

可以看到 vdb 处于未挂载状态

查看磁盘详情

fdisk -l | less

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1            2048     8390655     4194304   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/vda2   *     8390656    83886046    37747695+  83  LinuxDisk /dev/vdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

按Q键退出
由上可知未挂载设备 /dev/vdb的详细信息

创建分区

1.创建分区

parted /dev/vdb

2.显示

GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/xvde
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

3.输入

(parted)  mklabel gpt
(parted)  mkpart primary 0% 100%
(parted)  print
(parted)  quit

4.格式化分区

mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb

5.创建挂载点

mkdir /data

6.挂载

vim /etc/fstab

7.添加并保存

/dev/vdb     /data      ext4    defaults        0 0

8.全部挂载

mount -a

9.验证

df -hT

Filesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs       devtmpfs  3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.9G   17M  3.9G   1% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda2      ext4       36G  2.6G   31G   8% /
tmpfs          tmpfs     783M     0  783M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb       ext4      493G   73M  467G   1% /data

最后一行说明 /dev/vdb 成功挂载到了 /data 目录下