魔术方法

1、__init__()方法，被称为构造方法，在创建类对象时，会自动执行，在创建类对象的时候，会将传入的参数自动传递给__init__()方法。

class Student:name = Noneage = Nonetel = Nonedef __init__(self,name,age,tel):self.name=nameself.age=ageself.tel = telprint("创建一个构造方法："+name+", "+str(age)+", "+str(tel))
stu = Student("xiaoming",20,12345678901)

2、__str__字符串方法：将类对象转化为字符串

    def __str__(self):return f"name:{self.name},age:{self.age}"

3、__lt__比较大小，（不支持等于）

class Student:name = Noneage = Nonetel = Nonedef __init__(self,name,age,tel):self.name=nameself.age=ageself.tel = telprint("创建一个构造方法："+name+", "+str(age)+", "+str(tel))def __lt__(self, other):return self.age < other.age
stu1 = Student("xiaoming",20,12345678901)
stu2 = Student("xioahong",40,12345678901)
print(stu1>stu2)

4、__le__(self, other)比较大小，（支持包含等于，但不支持==）

class Student:name = Noneage = Nonetel = Nonedef __init__(self,name,age,tel):self.name=nameself.age=ageself.tel = telprint("创建一个构造方法："+name+", "+str(age)+", "+str(tel))def __str__(self):return f"name:{self.name},age:{self.age}"def __le__(self, other):return self.age <= other.age
stu1 = Student("xiaoming",20,12345678901)
stu2 = Student("xioahong",40,12345678901)
print(stu1>=stu2)
print(stu1<=stu2)

5、__le__(self, other)比较是否相等

class Student:name = Noneage = Nonetel = Nonedef __init__(self,name,age,tel):self.name=nameself.age=ageself.tel = telprint("创建一个构造方法："+name+", "+str(age)+", "+str(tel))def __str__(self):return f"name:{self.name},age:{self.age}"def __eq__(self, other):return self.age <= other.age
stu1 = Student("xiaoming",40,12345678901)
stu2 = Student("xioahong",20,12345678901)
stu3 = Student("nihao",20,12345678901)
print(stu1==stu2)
print(stu3 ==stu2)