【Oracle篇】expdp/impdp高效完成全部生产用户的全库迁移（第四篇，总共四篇）

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今天作为expdp/impdp数据泵的最后一篇文章，这篇文章所讲的技能也是非常重要的。在Oracle数据库中，新建实例往往伴随着一系列系统用户的自动生成，如sys、system、scott等。然而，在进行全库full=y导入时，若这些系统用户也被一并导入，往往会引发大量的ORA-错误，这样通过日志排查问题时就会有许多干扰。因此，在进行全库迁移时，我们必须排除这些系统用户的导入。接下来，就让我们深入今天的主题，探讨如何通过expdp/impdp实现高效且精准的全库迁移。

关于逻辑迁移工具全部的篇幅介绍，四篇的内容分别如下：

第一篇：一文搞清exp/imp逻辑迁移工具的用法
第二篇：一文搞清expdp/impdp逻辑迁移工具的用法
第三篇：expdp/impdp轻松完成某个生产用户从GBK到UTF8编码的迁移
第四篇：expdp/impdp高效完成全部生产用户的全库迁移（当前篇）

expdp全库导出（实例orcl，单机环境）部分

impdp全库导入（实例test，单机环境）部分

验证数据部分

expdp/impdp全库导入的应用场景：

1、迁移字符集。比如将全库用户从GBK字符集迁移到UTF8编码。

2、大版本升级。可以通过全库导入完成大版本升级。

3、测试环境恢复。通过全量备份完成测试环境的数据导入。

expdp/impdp全库导入注意事项：

1）通过impdp导入时，指定sqlfile参数可以显示执行的DDL语句。加上这个参数后就不会进行数据导入了，只会根据导入的dmp文件，将dmp文件涉及到的DDL语句输出到sqlfile指定的文件中，然后筛选出来业务表空间进行手动创建。

2）排除导入的系统用户，因为系统用户是按照实例默认创建的所以导入时需要排除。在每个大版本中系统用户都不一样，所以需要根据具体的大版本而排除。

Oracle11g和19c环境下的默认系统用户：

Oracle 11g单机环境下的系统用户：新建了一个11g的实例，可以看到默认11g的实例有30个系统用户，所以在导入时就要排除它们。

SQL> select username,to_char(CREATED,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')  from dba_users order by CREATED desc;USERNAME										      TO_CHAR(CREATED,'YYYY-MM-DDHH24:MI:SS')
-------------------------------                    -------------------------------------------------------------
SCOTT											         2013-08-24 12:04:21
OWBSYS_AUDIT										     2013-08-24 12:03:41
OWBSYS											         2013-08-24 12:03:40
APEX_PUBLIC_USER							             2013-08-24 11:58:27
FLOWS_FILES										         2013-08-24 11:58:27
APEX_030200									     	     2013-08-24 11:58:27
MGMT_VIEW										         2013-08-24 11:57:53
SYSMAN											         2013-08-24 11:56:19
SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR				  	                 2013-08-24 11:56:11
SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR						             2013-08-24 11:56:08
MDDATA									    		     2013-08-24 11:53:28
OLAPSYS 									    	     2013-08-24 11:52:40
ORDDATA 										         2013-08-24 11:49:40
ORDSYS											         2013-08-24 11:49:40
MDSYS											         2013-08-24 11:49:40
ORDPLUGINS										         2013-08-24 11:49:40
SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA						                 2013-08-24 11:49:40
XS$NULL 										         2013-08-24 11:49:29
ANONYMOUS										         2013-08-24 11:47:55
XDB											             2013-08-24 11:47:55
CTXSYS											         2013-08-24 11:47:37
EXFSYS											         2013-08-24 11:47:27
WMSYS											         2013-08-24 11:43:26
APPQOSSYS										         2013-08-24 11:43:00
DBSNMP											         2013-08-24 11:42:59
ORACLE_OCM								  		         2013-08-24 11:39:34
DIP											             2013-08-24 11:38:58
OUTLN											         2013-08-24 11:37:43
SYS											             2013-08-24 11:37:40
SYSTEM											         2013-08-24 11:37:4030 rows selected.

Oracle 19c单机环境下的系统用户：新建了一个19c的实例，可以看到默认19c的实例有36个系统用户，所以在导入时就要排除它们。

SQL> select username,to_char(CREATED,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')  from dba_users order by CREATED desc;USERNAME															 TO_CHAR(CREATED,'YY
---------------------------------                           ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DVF													     			 2019-04-17 02:02:47
DVSYS																 2019-04-17 02:02:47
LBACSYS 															 2019-04-17 02:02:15
MDDATA																 2019-04-17 01:53:39
OLAPSYS 															 2019-04-17 01:52:56
SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA								    				 2019-04-17 01:48:37
ORDDATA 															 2019-04-17 01:48:37
ORDPLUGINS															 2019-04-17 01:48:37
MDSYS																 2019-04-17 01:48:37
ORDSYS																 2019-04-17 01:48:36
CTXSYS																 2019-04-17 01:46:56
OJVMSYS 															 2019-04-17 01:42:57
WMSYS																 2019-04-17 01:40:04
ANONYMOUS															 2019-04-17 01:16:53
XDB															    	 2019-04-17 01:16:53
GGSYS																 2019-04-17 01:15:01
GSMCATUSER															 2019-04-17 01:14:57
APPQOSSYS															 2019-04-17 01:14:37
DBSNMP																 2019-04-17 01:14:35
SYS$UMF 															 2019-04-17 01:10:05
ORACLE_OCM															 2019-04-17 01:04:04
DBSFWUSER															 2019-04-17 01:02:55
REMOTE_SCHEDULER_AGENT									    		 2019-04-17 01:02:54
XS$NULL 															 2019-04-17 01:02:44
DIP															    	 2019-04-17 01:02:17
GSMROOTUSER															 2019-04-17 01:02:03
GSMADMIN_INTERNAL										    		 2019-04-17 01:02:02
GSMUSER 															 2019-04-17 01:02:02
OUTLN																 2019-04-17 00:56:39
SYSKM																 2019-04-17 00:56:33
AUDSYS																 2019-04-17 00:56:33
SYSRAC																 2019-04-17 00:56:33
SYSBACKUP															 2019-04-17 00:56:33
SYSTEM																 2019-04-17 00:56:33
SYSDG																 2019-04-17 00:56:33
SYS																     2019-04-17 00:56:3236 rows selected.

ps注意：单机环境和rac环境是不同的，所以rac的实例系统用户和单机的实例系统用户是有可能不一样的，这里我就不演示了。rac环境搭建后之后，通过上面的SQL去查看默认的系统用户有哪些，那么就要在导入的时候排除。

expdp全库导出（实例orcl，单机环境）部分

1、创建数据泵的dmp文件存放目录

[root@11g ~]# mkdir /liu 
[root@11g ~]# chown oracle:oinstall /liu
###文件liu（路径/liu）在/dev/sdb3下挂载，将文件的所属用户和目录改为oracle：oinstall

SYS@orcl> create  directory  BACKUP20200328 as  '/liu'; 
SYS@orcl> grant  all  on  directory  BACKUP20200328  to  system ;
###创建数据泵的转储路径（在使用expdp时，指定到liu目录时，数据文件就会生成在/liu路径下）。赋予给所有用户目录liu的所有执行权限，为了以后普通用户使用expdp时有权限将dmp数据文件导入到/liu下。

2、全库full=y导出数据

[oracle@11g ~]# expdp \"/ as sysdba\" directory=BACKUP20200328 dumpfile=expdp_orcl_full_%U.dmp logfile=expdp_full.log full=y parallel=2

impdp全库导入（实例test，单机环境）部分

1、全库用户导入前需要注意的事情

1）关注归档目录，定时进行删除，避免空间耗尽。可以考虑先关闭归档

2）全部数据量有500G以上，导入过程中undo和temp占用很多，适当扩容。

Undo表空间给7个，总大小210G，并且减少undo_retention为300秒

Temp表空间给3个，总大小90G

3）数据文件看情况增加

4）expdp/impdp导入导出优化。👉【Oracle篇】一文搞清expdp/impdp逻辑迁移工具的用法（第二篇，总共四篇）-CSDN博客👈

2、在服务器上创建一个新实例test

实例静默安装：

[oracle@11g ~]$ vi /home/db/oracle/product/12.2/db_1/response/dbca.rspsid=实例名
gdbName=全局数据库名
sysPassword=密码
systemPassword=密码
dbsnmpPassword=密码
datafileDestination=/home/db/oracle/oradata     ---数据库文件路径
recoveryAreaDestination=/home/db/oracle/fast_recovery_area
characterSet= AL32UTF8
totalMemory=AMM内存大小        ---单位M
automaticMemoryManagement=TRUE    ---是否启用自动内存管理
templateName=General_Purpose.dbc     ---数据库模板，必填
storageType=FS          ---指定要创建的数据库的存储类型，有FS和ASM，默认FS文件系统[oracle@rac1 ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /home/db/oracle/product/12.2/db_1/response/dbca.rsp

调整新实例的数据文件、undo、temp、redo初始大小

数据库文件和undo：
SQL> set linesize 500 set pagesize 99col file_name for a70 col file_id for 9999999 col status for a10 col ts_name for a25 col cur_mb for 99999 col max_mb for 99999
SQL> select status, file_id, file_name, tablespace_name ts_name,blocks/128 tolal_mb, maxblocks/128 max_mb,AUTOEXTENSIBLE from dba_data_files order by file_name;SQL> alter database datafile 2 resize 20g;
SQL> alter database datafile 1 resize 20g;
SQL> alter database datafile 3 resize 20g;
SQL> alter database datafile 5 resize 20g;
SQL> alter database datafile 4 resize 10g;temp临时表空间:
SQL> select username,temporary_tablespace from dba_users;
SQL> set linesize 230col file_name for a65
SQL> select  FILE_ID,FILE_NAME,TABLESPACE_NAME,bytes/1024/1024 tolal_mb,status,AUTOEXTENSIBLE,MAXBYTES/1024/1024 max_mb from dba_temp_files;SQL> alter database tempfile 1 resize 20g;redo重做日志:生产建议3到6组，每组大小为1G左右
SQL> set linesize 230col member for a50
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
SQL> select * from v$log;SQL> alter database add logfile thread 1 group 10 ('+ARCHDG') size 1024m;
SQL> alter database add logfile thread 1 group 11 ('+ARCHDG') size 1024m;
SQL> alter database add logfile thread 1 group 12 ('+ARCHDG') size 1024m;
SQL> alter database add logfile thread 1 group 13 ('+ARCHDG') size 1024m;
SQL> alter database add logfile thread 2 group 14 ('+ARCHDG') size 1024m;
SQL> alter database add logfile thread 2 group 15 ('+ARCHDG') size 1024m;
SQL> alter database add logfile thread 2 group 16 ('+ARCHDG') size 1024m;SQL> alter system switch logfile;
SQL> alter system checkpoint;SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 2;
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;

关闭密码过期（默认180天过期）:

SQL> select * from dba_profiles where profile='DEFAULT';SQL> alter profile default limit PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME unlimited;
SQL> alter profile default limit PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME unlimited;
SQL> alter profile default limit PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME unlimited;

关闭审计：长时间开启审计，审计占用空间较大

SQL> alter system set audit_trail=none scope=spfile;

设置归档路径：

SQL> shutdown  immediate
SQL> startup  mount SQL> alter  database  archivelog; 
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=+ASM磁盘';SQL> alter database open;
SQL> archive log list;
SQL> show parameter recover;

db实例参数优化：

SQL> 
alter system set sga_max_size=物理内存x0.5 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set sga_target=物理内存x0.5 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set pga_aggregate_target=物理内存x0.2 scope=spfile sid='*';    ---设置为ASMM
alter system set "_cursor_obsolete_threshold"=400 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set  "_rollback_segment_count" =2000 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set "_ktb_debug_flags"=8 sid='*';
alter system set "_datafile_write_errors_crash_instance"=false scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set events '43822 trace name context forever,level 1';
alter system set enable_ddl_logging=true sid='*' scope=spfile;
alter system set fast_start_parallel_rollback=low sid='*';
alter system set recovery_parallelism=10 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set "_cleanup_rollback_entries"=10000 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set "_gc_bypass_readers" = false sid = '*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_gc_override_force_cr" = false sid = '*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_gc_read_mostly_locking" = false sid = '*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_serial_direct_read" = false sid = '*' ;
alter system set "_high_priority_processes" = "LGWR|LMS*|VKTM" sid='*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_use_adaptive_log_file_sync"=false sid='*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_px_use_large_pool"=true  sid ='*' scope=spfile;
alter system set event='28401 trace name context forever,level 1','10949 trace name context forever,level 1','60025 trace name context forever,level 1', '10503 trace name context forever,level 128' sid='*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_optimizer_use_feedback"=false sid ='*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_optimizer_adaptive_cursor_sharing"=false sid='*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing"=none sid='*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing_rel"=none sid='*' scope=spfile;
alter system set "_gc_defer_time"=3 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set result_cache_max_size=0 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set "_gc_policy_time"=0 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set "_gc_undo_affinity"=false  scope=spfile  sid='*';
alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=31 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set parallel_max_servers=128 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set parallel_adaptive_multi_user=false sid='*';
alter system set "_undo_autotune"=false scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set undo_retention=10800 scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set "_partition_large_extents"=false scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set parallel_force_local=true scope=spfile sid='*';
alter system set processes=2000 scope=spfile sid='*';      ---进程数。设置完成后，session和transactions参数会自动调整（session=1.5*processes+22  ；  transactions=1.1*sessions）
alter system set open_cursors=2000 scope=spfile sid='*';   ---打开游标数。一个sql语句就会对应到一个游标（简单理解游标就是一个sql语句）
alter system set session_cached_cursors=300 scope=spfile sid='*';    ---会话缓存游标数（sql语句）。一个会话缓存多个游标（sql语句），一个sql对应一个游标，缓存游标是为了避免软解析，相同的sql再次执行就不需要打开游标了（执行sql就会打开游标，避免打开游标就是避免软解析），绑定变量解决硬解析。 
alter system set db_files=8192 scope=spfile sid='*';   ---允许创建的数据文件总数

3、确认字符集调整undo保留时间

[oracle@11g ~]# export ORACLE_SID=test
[oracle@11g ~]# echo $ORACLE_SIDSQL> alter system set undo_retention=300 scope=both sid='*';   --导入完成之后修改回来

4、创建存放DMP文件夹的引用地址

SQL> create or replace directory baj_dir as '/data3/data4/backup/db160';
SQL> grant all on directory baj_dir to system;

5、通过备份的dmp文件，生成表空间创建的DDL语句

sqlfile=：导入时可以显示执行的DDL语句。加上这个参数后就不会进行数据导入了，只会根据导入的dmp文件，将dmp文件涉及到的DDL语句输出到sqlfile指定的文件中，然后筛选出来业务表空间进行手动创建。

[oracle@11g ~]# impdp \"/ as sysdba\" directory=baj_dir dumpfile=expdp_orcl_full_01.dmp,expdp_orcl_full_02.dmp logfile=imp.txt sqlfile=ddl_dump.txt[oracle@11g  ~]# more ddl_dump.txt

注：将ddl_dump.txt文件中创建表空间的DDL语句整理到其他文本中，然后在sqlplus中执行，排查掉SYSAUX、SYSTEM、TEMP、UNDOTBS1、USERS这些系统表空间的创建。

6、执行创建表空间语句

总共涉及到43个表空间的创建，其中42个业务表空间，还包括了一个临时表空间CARRECOVER_TEMP的创建，将表空间的原路径+DATA/core/datafile修改为/data3/oradata/recover/recover/路径：

SQL> 
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_PRP" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/prp.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_VISA" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/visa.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_CLAIM" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/claim.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_PRPIDX" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/prpidx.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_PAYMENTIDX" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/paymentidx.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_CLAIMIDX" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/claimidx.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "WLREPORT_DATA" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/data.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBS_DEFAULT" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/default.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBS_ALLIDX" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/allidx.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_CTUSER" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/ctuser.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_VISAIDX" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/visaidx.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "WLREPORT_IDX" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/idx.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 32767MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_MGR" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/mgr.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "JY" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/jy.dbf' SIZE 2G,'/data3/oradata/recover/recover/jy_01.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "INTFTBS" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/intftbs.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_REINS" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/reins.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_CW" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/cw.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "OPENCMS" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/opencms.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_JY" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/jy2.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "UMTBS" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/umtbs.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "INTRAWEB" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/intraweb.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "OPRTBS" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/oprtbs.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_CIRC" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/circ.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_OTHIDX" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/othidx.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_OTH" DATAFILE '/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth_01.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth_02.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth3.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth4.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth5.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth6.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth7.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth8.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth14.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth9.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth10.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth11.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth12.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth13.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth15.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth16.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth17.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth18.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth19.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth20.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth21.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth22.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on,'/data1/ora_pmon_recover_oradata/oth23.dbf' SIZE 1M autoextend on;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_RESERVE" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/reserve.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "ZCDATA" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/zcdata.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_REINSIDX" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/reinsidx.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_PAYMENT" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/payment.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_OTH02" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/TBLSPACE_OTH02.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TABLESPACE_GB" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/gb01.dbf' SIZE 2GLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "CEDET_BAOXIAN" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/cedet_baoxian.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 33554431MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "FXQ" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/fxq.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 33554431MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "HZ_UCIA" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/ucia.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 33554431MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "OGG" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/ogg.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 33554431MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "HZ_SJZL" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/sjzl.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 33554431MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "CEDET_BAOXIAN_NEW" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/cedet_baoxian_new.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 33554431MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "TABLESPACE_HZHIC" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/hzhic.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 33554431MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "HZ_LITIGATION" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/litigation.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 33554431MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBS_DBBAK" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/TBS_DBBAK.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 104857600 MAXSIZE 32767MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE "GGATE" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/GGATE.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 104857600 MAXSIZE 33554431MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TABLESPACE "TBLSPACE_CARRECOVER" DATAFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/TBLSPACE_CARRECOVER.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 104857600 MAXSIZE 32767MLOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT NOCOMPRESS  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "CARRECOVER_TEMP" TEMPFILE '/data3/oradata/recover/recover/CARRECOVER_TEMP.dbf' SIZE 2GAUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 104857600 MAXSIZE 32767MEXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 1048576;

7、执行impdp导入命令

排除导入的系统用户，因为系统用户是按照实例默认创建的所以导入时需要排除。在每个大版本中系统用户都不一样，所以需要根据具体的大版本而排除。

排除导入的系统用户：11g的系统用户涉及到30个，将所有的用户编辑到一个文件中，在导入时指定这个文件，那么就是排除这些用户的导入了
[oracle@11g ~]$ vi /data3/data4/backup/db160/exclude.par
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='SYS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='SYSTEM'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='OUTLN'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='MGMT_VIEW'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='FLOWS_FILES'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='MDSYS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='ORDSYS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='EXFSYS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='DBSNMP'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='WMSYS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='APPQOSSYS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='APEX_030200'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='OWBSYS_AUDIT'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='ORDDATA'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='CTXSYS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='ANONYMOUS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='SYSMAN'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='XDB'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='ORDPLUGINS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='OWBSYS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='OLAPSYS'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='SCOTT'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='ORACLE_OCM'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='XS$NULL'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='MDDATA'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='DIP'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='APEX_PUBLIC_USER'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR'"
EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:"='SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR'"进行impdp导入：
[oracle@11g ~]$ impdp  \"/ as sysdba\"  directory=baj_dir  dumpfile=expdp_orcl_full_01.dmp,expdp_orcl_full_02.dmp  logfile=impdp_full.log  full=y parallel=4  table_exists_action=append PARFILE=exclude.par
####impdp导入之前，需要在目标数据库上创建相应表空间对象即可；而对于imp导入时需要在目标数据库上创建相应的用户、权限、表空间等对象。

验证数据部分

第一步：验证数据和用户

SQL> select sum(bytes) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 || 'G' sum from dba_segments;
SQL> select username,created from dba_users order by created desc;

注：总共123个用户，除去系统的30个用户，总共导入了93个用户

第二步：验证有无失效的对象（目标数据库上执行）

SQL> select * from dba_objects where status!='VALID' and owner in('用户');
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql    ---有无效对象的话，进行无效对象的编译（最大可能自动修复无效对象）。其他重新编译失效对象的方法参考“PLSQL工具使用详解（1）、对象重定义（部分）”文档

第三步：收集统计信息（目标数据库上执行）

[oracle@rac1 ~]# vi status.sql begin 
dbms_stats.gather_database_stats; 
end; 
/ [oracle@rac1 ~]# nohup sqlplus / as sysdba @status.sql &    ---因为收集统计信息时间长，所以写个sh后台运行

第四步：查看哪些表的统计信息被锁定（stattype_locked字段为ALL的表示锁定了表的统计信息，默认stattype_locked字段为空表示可以收集统计信息）：

SQL> select * from dba_ind_statistics where stattype_locked='ALL' AND OWNER='用户';
SQL> select * from dba_tab_statistics where stattype_locked='ALL' AND OWNER='用户';SQL> begindbms_stats.unlock_schema_stats(ownname  => '用户');end;/

第五步：验证对象（目标数据库上执行）

SQL> select object_type t_object_type, count(*) t_countfrom dba_objectswhere owner in('用户')group by object_type
###注：oracle的对象类型可以分的很详细，表、表分区、表子分区是不同的类型。

第六步：对比导入和导出日志

第七步：将undo时间修改回最佳值

SQL> alter system set undo_retention=10800 scope=both sid='*';

关于Oracle逻辑迁移工具的用户和案例今天就全部讲完了，4篇文章从构思、排版、整理花了2星期的时间，创作不易坚持亦难，希望各个小伙伴点赞、收藏、加关注。希望这4篇文章能够在大家以后的工作和学习中带来帮助。下篇文章将带来MySQL的内容，尽请关注。