Elasticsearch(11) intervals的使用

elasticsearch version 7.10.1
在Elasticsearch中，intervals查询是用来做复杂的区间表达式匹配的，它可以基于分析过的文本字段执行一系列复杂的关系运算。intervals查询特别适合于那些需要对文本数据进行模式匹配，而不只是单一词汇匹配的情况。

intervals语法

POST _search
{"query": {"intervals" : {"my_text" : {"all_of" : {"ordered" : true,"intervals" : [{"match" : {"query" : "my favorite food","max_gaps" : 0,"ordered" : true}},{"any_of" : {"intervals" : [{ "match" : { "query" : "hot water" } },{ "match" : { "query" : "cold porridge" } }]}}]}}}}
}

intervals查询用于找到文本字段中满足一系列间隔条件的文
all_of子句要求所有列出的间隔条件都必须满足。
ordered: 设置为true，表示间隔条件必须按照指定的顺序出现。
intervals: 包含了一系列具体的间隔条件
any_of: 至少有一个列出的间隔条件必须满足

第一个间隔条件

查找与"my favorite food"这个查询完全匹配的文本。
设置为0，表示查询词之间不允许有任何间隔（即它们是连续的）。
设置为true，再次确认查询词必须按照给定的顺序出现。

第二个间隔条件

第一个match：查找与"hot water"这个查询匹配的文本
第二个match：查找与"cold porridge"这个查询匹配的文本。

案例

场景一

使用intervals查询找寻句子中“quick”和“dog”之间不超过两个单词的文档

索引创建

PUT /example_index
{"mappings": {"properties": {"sentence": {"type": "text","analyzer": "standard"}}}
}

文档插入

POST /example_index/_doc
{"sentence": "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
}POST /example_index/_doc
{"sentence": "Red roses are blue violets are red."
}POST /example_index/_doc
{"sentence": "The cat in the hat sat on the mat."
}

查询语句

场景二

使用intervals查询查找包含数字“3”到“7”的连续序列的文档

索引创建

GET /example_index/_search
{"query": {"intervals": {"sentence": {"all_of": {"intervals": [{"match": {"query": "quick"}},{"match": {"query": "dog"}}],"ordered": true,"max_gaps": 10}}}}
}

文档插入

POST /example_index_numbers/_doc
{"numbers": "1 2 3 4 5 6 7"
}POST /example_index_numbers/_doc
{"numbers": "8 9 10 11 12 13 14"
}POST /example_index_numbers/_doc
{"numbers": "15 16 17 18 19 20 21"
}

查询语句

GET /example_index_numbers/_search
{"query": {"intervals": {"numbers": {"all_of": {"intervals": [{"match": {"query": "3"}},{"match": {"query": "7"}}],"max_gaps": 3,"ordered": true}}}}
}

场景三

查询在职位描述中包含了“blue”并且紧接着是“violets”的文档。

索引创建

PUT /example_index
{"mappings": {"properties": {"content": {"type": "text","analyzer": "standard"}}}
}

文档插入

POST /example_index/_doc
{"content": "John Doe is an engineer from New York working at XYZ Corp."
}POST /example_index/_doc
{"content": "Jane Smith is a software developer based in California."
}POST /example_index/_doc
{"content": "Michael Johnson works as a data scientist at ABC Inc. in Texas."
}POST /example_index/_doc
{"content": "Sarah Brown is a product manager living in Illinois."
}POST /example_index/_doc
{"content": "Emily Davis, an architect from Washington DC, joined XYZ Corp last year."
}POST /example_index/_doc
{"content": "Robert Harris, who lives in Oregon, is a senior software engineer."
}POST /example_index/_doc
{"content": "Jessica Wilson works in marketing for ABC Inc., located in Florida."
}

查询语句

GET /example_index/_search
{"query": {"intervals": {"sentence": {"all_of": {"intervals": [{"match": {"query": "blue"}},{"match": {"query": "violets"}}],"ordered": true,"max_gaps":0}}}}
}