Alex教程每一P的教程原代码加上我自己的理解初步理解写的注释,可供学习Alex教程的人参考
此代码仅为较上一P有所改变的代码
【Unity教程】从0编程制作类银河恶魔城游戏_哔哩哔哩_bilibili
CharacterStats.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class CharacterStats : MonoBehaviour
{private EntityFX fx;[Header("Major stats")]public Stat strength; // 力量 增伤1点 爆伤增加 1% 物抗public Stat agility;// 敏捷 闪避 1% 闪避几率增加 1%public Stat intelligence;// 1 点 魔法伤害 1点魔抗 public Stat vitality;//加血的[Header("Offensive stats")]public Stat damage;public Stat critChance; // 暴击率public Stat critPower; //150% 爆伤[Header("Defensive stats")]public Stat maxHealth;public Stat armor;public Stat evasion;//闪避值public Stat magicResistance;[Header("Magic stats")]public Stat fireDamage;public Stat iceDamage;public Stat lightingDamage;public bool isIgnited; // 持续烧伤public bool isChilded; // 削弱护甲 20%public bool isShocked; // 降低敌人命中率[SerializeField] private float ailmentsDuration = 4;private float ignitedTimer;private float chilledTimer;private float shockedTimer;private float igniteDamageCooldown = .3f;private float ignitedDamageTimer;private int igniteDamage;public System.Action onHealthChanged;//使角色在Stat里调用UI层的函数[SerializeField] public int currentHealth;protected virtual void Start(){critPower.SetDefaultValue(150);//设置默认爆伤currentHealth = GetMaxHealthValue();fx = GetComponent<EntityFX>();}protected virtual void Update(){//所有的状态都设置上默认持续时间,持续过了就结束状态ignitedTimer -= Time.deltaTime;chilledTimer -= Time.deltaTime;shockedTimer -= Time.deltaTime;ignitedDamageTimer -= Time.deltaTime;if (ignitedTimer < 0)isIgnited = false;if (chilledTimer < 0)isChilded = false;if (shockedTimer < 0)isShocked = false;//被点燃后,出现多段伤害后点燃停止if (ignitedDamageTimer < 0 && isIgnited){Debug.Log("Take Burning Damage" + igniteDamage);DecreaseHealthBy(igniteDamage);if (currentHealth < 0)Die();ignitedDamageTimer = igniteDamageCooldown;}}public virtual void DoDamage(CharacterStats _targetStats)//计算后造成伤害函数{if (TargetCanAvoidAttack(_targetStats))设置闪避{return;}int totleDamage = damage.GetValue() + strength.GetValue();//爆伤设置if (CanCrit()){totleDamage = CalculateCriticalDamage(totleDamage);}totleDamage = CheckTargetArmor(_targetStats, totleDamage);//设置防御//_targetStats.TakeDamage(totleDamage);DoMagicaDamage(_targetStats);}public virtual void DoMagicaDamage(CharacterStats _targetStats)//法伤计算{int _fireDamage = fireDamage.GetValue();int _iceDamage = iceDamage.GetValue();int _lightingDamage = lightingDamage.GetValue();int totleMagicalDamage = _fireDamage + _iceDamage + _lightingDamage + intelligence.GetValue();totleMagicalDamage = CheckTargetResistance(_targetStats, totleMagicalDamage);_targetStats.TakeDamage(totleMagicalDamage);//让元素效果取决与伤害bool canApplyIgnite = _fireDamage > _iceDamage && _fireDamage > _lightingDamage;bool canApplyChill = _iceDamage > _lightingDamage && _iceDamage > _fireDamage;bool canApplyShock = _lightingDamage > _fireDamage && _lightingDamage > _iceDamage;//防止循环在所有元素伤害为0时出现死循环if (Mathf.Max(_fireDamage, _iceDamage, _lightingDamage) <= 0)return;//为了防止出现元素伤害一致而导致无法触发元素效果//循环判断触发某个元素效果while (!canApplyIgnite && !canApplyChill && !canApplyShock){if (Random.value < .25f){canApplyIgnite = true;Debug.Log("Ignited");_targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);return;}if (Random.value < .35f){canApplyChill = true;Debug.Log("Chilled");_targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);return;}if (Random.value < .55f){canApplyShock = true;Debug.Log("Shocked");_targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);return;}}//给点燃伤害赋值if (canApplyIgnite){_targetStats.SetupIgniteDamage(Mathf.RoundToInt(_fireDamage * .2f));}_targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);}private static int CheckTargetResistance(CharacterStats _targetStats, int totleMagicalDamage)//法抗计算{totleMagicalDamage -= _targetStats.magicResistance.GetValue() + (_targetStats.intelligence.GetValue() * 3);totleMagicalDamage = Mathf.Clamp(totleMagicalDamage, 0, int.MaxValue);return totleMagicalDamage;}public void ApplyAilments(bool _ignite, bool _chill, bool _shock)//判断异常状态{if (isIgnited || isChilded || isShocked){return;}if (_ignite){isIgnited = _ignite;ignitedTimer = ailmentsDuration;fx.IgniteFxFor(ailmentsDuration);}if (_chill){isChilded = _chill;chilledTimer = ailmentsDuration;float slowPercentage = .2f;GetComponent<Entity>().SlowEntityBy(slowPercentage, ailmentsDuration);fx.ChillFxFor(ailmentsDuration);}if (_shock){isShocked = _shock;shockedTimer = ailmentsDuration;fx.ShockFxFor(ailmentsDuration);}}public void SetupIgniteDamage(int _damage) => igniteDamage = _damage;//给点燃伤害赋值protected virtual void TakeDamage(int _damage)//造成伤害是出特效{DecreaseHealthBy(_damage);if (currentHealth < 0)Die();}protected virtual void DecreaseHealthBy(int _damage)//此函数用来改变当前声明值,不调用特效{currentHealth -= _damage;if(onHealthChanged != null){onHealthChanged();}}protected virtual void Die(){}private static int CheckTargetArmor(CharacterStats _targetStats, int totleDamage)//设置防御{//被冰冻后,角色护甲减少if (_targetStats.isChilded)totleDamage -= Mathf.RoundToInt(_targetStats.armor.GetValue() * .8f);elsetotleDamage -= _targetStats.armor.GetValue();totleDamage = Mathf.Clamp(totleDamage, 0, int.MaxValue);return totleDamage;}private bool TargetCanAvoidAttack(CharacterStats _targetStats)//设置闪避{int totleEvation = _targetStats.evasion.GetValue() + _targetStats.agility.GetValue();//我被麻痹后//敌人的闪避率提升if (isShocked)totleEvation += 20;if (Random.Range(0, 100) < totleEvation){return true;}return false;}private bool CanCrit()//判断是否暴击{int totleCriticalChance = critChance.GetValue() + agility.GetValue();if (Random.Range(0, 100) <= totleCriticalChance){return true;}return false;}private int CalculateCriticalDamage(int _damage)//计算暴击后伤害{float totleCirticalPower = (critPower.GetValue() + strength.GetValue()) * .01f;float critDamage = _damage * totleCirticalPower;return Mathf.RoundToInt(critDamage);//返回舍入为最近整数的}public int GetMaxHealthValue(){return maxHealth.GetValue() + vitality.GetValue() * 10;}//统计生命值函数
}
Entity.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;public class Entity : MonoBehaviour
{[Header("Knockback info")][SerializeField] protected Vector2 knockbackDirection;//被击打后的速度信息[SerializeField] protected float knockbackDuration;//被击打的时间protected bool isKnocked;//此值通过卡住SetVelocity函数的方式用来阻止当一个角色被攻击时,会乱动的情况[Header("Collision Info")]public Transform attackCheck;//transform类,代表的时物体的位置,用来控制攻击检测的位置public float attackCheckRadius;//检测半径[SerializeField] protected Transform groundCheck;//transform类,代表的时物体的位置,后面会来定位子组件的位置 [SerializeField] protected float groundCheckDistance;[SerializeField] protected Transform wallCheck;//transform类,代表的时物体的位置,后面会来定位子组件的位置 [SerializeField] protected float wallCheckDistance;[SerializeField] protected LayerMask whatIsGround;//LayerMask类,与Raycast配合,https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Physics.Raycast.html#region 定义Unity组件public SpriteRenderer sr { get; private set; }public Animator anim { get; private set; }//这样才能配合着拿到自己身上的animator的控制权public Rigidbody2D rb { get; private set; }//配合拿到身上的Rigidbody2D组件控制权public EntityFX fx { get; private set; }//拿到EntityFXpublic CharacterStats stats { get; private set; }public CapsuleCollider2D cd { get; private set; }#endregionpublic int facingDir { get; private set; } = 1;protected bool facingRight = true;//判断是否朝右public System.Action onFlipped;//一个自身不用写函数,只是接受其他函数并调用他们的函数//https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44299531/article/details/131343583protected virtual void Awake(){}protected virtual void Start(){anim = GetComponentInChildren<Animator>();//拿到自己子组件身上的animator的控制权sr = GetComponentInChildren<SpriteRenderer>();fx = GetComponent<EntityFX>();拿到的组件上的EntityFX控制权rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();stats = GetComponent<CharacterStats>();cd = GetComponent<CapsuleCollider2D>();}protected virtual void Update(){}protected virtual void Exit(){}public virtual void DamageEffect(){fx.StartCoroutine("FlashFX");//IEnumertor本质就是将一个函数分块执行,只有满足某些条件才能执行下一段代码,此函数有StartCoroutine调用//https://www.zhihu.com/tardis/bd/art/504607545?source_id=1001StartCoroutine("HitKnockback");//调用被击打后产生后退效果的函数Debug.Log(gameObject.name+"was damaged");}public virtual void SlowEntityBy(float _slowPercentage,float flowDuration)//减缓一切速度函数{}protected virtual void ReturnDefaultSpeed()//动画速度恢复正常函数{anim.speed = 1;}protected virtual IEnumerator HitKnockback(){isKnocked = true;//此值通过卡住SetVelocity函数的方式用来阻止当一个角色被攻击时,会乱动的情况rb.velocity = new Vector2(knockbackDirection.x * -facingDir, knockbackDirection.y);yield return new WaitForSeconds(knockbackDuration);isKnocked = false;}//被击打后产生后退效果的函数#region 速度函数Velocitypublic virtual void SetZeroVelocity(){if(isKnocked){return;}rb.velocity = new Vector2(0, 0);}//设置速度为0函数public virtual void SetVelocity(float _xVelocity, float _yVelocity){if(isKnocked)return;此值通过卡住SetVelocity函数的方式用来阻止当一个角色被攻击时,会乱动的情况rb.velocity = new Vector2(_xVelocity, _yVelocity);//将rb的velocity属性设置为对应的想要的二维向量。因为2D游戏的速度就是二维向量FlipController(_xVelocity);//在其他设置速度的时候调用翻转控制器}//控制速度的函数,此函数在其他State中可能会使用,但仅能通过player.SeVelocity调用#endregion#region 翻转函数Flippublic virtual void Flip(){facingDir = facingDir * -1;facingRight = !facingRight;transform.Rotate(0, 180, 0);//旋转函数,transform不需要额外定义,因为他是自带的if(onFlipped != null)onFlipped();}//翻转函数public virtual void FlipController(float _x)//目前设置x,目的时能在空中时也能转身{if (_x > 0 && !facingRight)//当速度大于0且没有朝右时,翻转{Flip();}else if (_x < 0 && facingRight){Flip();}}#endregion#region 碰撞函数Collisionpublic virtual bool IsGroundDetected(){return Physics2D.Raycast(groundCheck.position, Vector2.down, groundCheckDistance, whatIsGround);}//通过RayCast检测是否挨着地面,https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Physics2D.Raycast.html//xxxxxxxx() => xxxxxxxx == xxxxxxxxxx() return xxxxxxxxx;public virtual bool IsWallDetected(){return Physics2D.Raycast(wallCheck.position, Vector2.right * facingDir, wallCheckDistance, whatIsGround);}//通过RayCast检测是否挨着地面,https://docs.unity3d.com/cn/current/ScriptReference/Physics2D.Raycast.html//xxxxxxxx() => xxxxxxxx == xxxxxxxxxx() return xxxxxxxxx;protected virtual void OnDrawGizmos(){Gizmos.DrawLine(groundCheck.position, new Vector3(groundCheck.position.x, groundCheck.position.y - groundCheckDistance));//绘制一条从 from(前面的) 开始到 to(后面的) 的线。Gizmos.DrawLine(wallCheck.position, new Vector3(wallCheck.position.x + wallCheckDistance, wallCheck.position.y));//绘制一条从 from(前面的) 开始到 to(后面的) 的线。Gizmos.DrawWireSphere(attackCheck.position, attackCheckRadius);//https://docs.unity3d.com/2022.3/Documentation/ScriptReference/Gizmos.DrawWireSphere.html//绘制具有中心和半径的线框球体。}//画图函数#endregionpublic void MakeTransprent(bool isClear){if (isClear)sr.color = Color.clear;elsesr.color = Color.white;}public virtual void Die(){}
}
Player.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Unity.VisualScripting;
using UnityEngine;public class Enemy : Entity
{[SerializeField] protected LayerMask whatIsPlayer;[Header("Stun Info")]public float stunnedDuration;//stunned持续时间public Vector2 stunnedDirection;//stunned改变后的速度protected bool canBeStunned;//判断是否可以被反击[SerializeField] protected GameObject counterImage;//一个代表着是否可以被反击的信号[Header("Move Info")]public float moveSpeed;public float idleTime;public float battleTime;//多久能从battle状态中退出来private float defaultMoveSpeed;[Header("Attack Info")]public float attackDistance;public float attackCooldown;//攻击冷却[HideInInspector] public float lastTimeAttacked;//最后一次攻击的时间#region 类public EnemyStateMachine stateMachine { get; private set; }public string lastingAnimBoolName{ get; private set; }public virtual void AssignLastAnimName(string _animBoolName){lastingAnimBoolName = _animBoolName;}#endregionprotected override void Awake(){base.Awake();stateMachine = new EnemyStateMachine();defaultMoveSpeed = moveSpeed;}protected override void Start(){base.Start();}protected override void Update(){base.Update();stateMachine.currentState.Update();//Debug.Log(IsPlayerDetected().collider.gameObject.name + "I see");//这串代码会报错,可能使版本的物体,因为在没有找到Player的时候物体是空的,NULL,你想让他在控制台上显示就报错了}public override void SlowEntityBy(float _slowPercentage, float _slowDuration){base.SlowEntityBy(_slowPercentage, _slowDuration);moveSpeed = moveSpeed * (1 - _slowPercentage);anim.speed = anim.speed * (1 - _slowPercentage);Invoke("ReturnDefaultSpeed", _slowDuration);}protected override void ReturnDefaultSpeed(){base.ReturnDefaultSpeed();moveSpeed = defaultMoveSpeed;}public virtual void FreezeTime(bool _timeFrozen){if(_timeFrozen){moveSpeed = 0;anim.speed = 0;}else{moveSpeed = defaultMoveSpeed;anim.speed = 1;}}protected virtual IEnumerator FreezeTimeFor(float _seconds){FreezeTime(true);yield return new WaitForSeconds(_seconds);FreezeTime(false);}#region Counter Attack Windowpublic virtual void OpenCounterAttackWindow()//打开可以反击的信号的函数{canBeStunned = true;counterImage.SetActive(true);}public virtual void CloseCounterAttackWindow()//关闭可以反击的信号的函数{canBeStunned = false;counterImage.SetActive(false);}#endregionpublic virtual bool CanBeStunned()//这里的主要目的是完成在被反击过后能立刻关闭提示窗口{if (canBeStunned){CloseCounterAttackWindow();return true;}return false;}public virtual void AnimationFinishTrigger() => stateMachine.currentState.AnimationFinishTrigger();//动画完成时调用的函数,与Player相同public virtual RaycastHit2D IsPlayerDetected() => Physics2D.Raycast(wallCheck.position, Vector2.right * facingDir, 7, whatIsPlayer);//用于从射线投射获取信息的结构。//该函数的返回值可以变,可以只返回bool,也可以是碰到的结构protected override void OnDrawGizmos(){base.OnDrawGizmos();Gizmos.color = Color.yellow;//把线改成黄色Gizmos.DrawLine(transform.position, new Vector3(transform.position.x + attackDistance * facingDir, transform.position.y));//用来判别是否进入attackState的线}}
Enemy.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Unity.VisualScripting;
using UnityEngine;public class Player : Entity
{[Header("Attack Details")]public Vector2[] attackMovement;//每个攻击时获得的速度组public float counterAttackDuration = .2f;public bool isBusy{ get; private set; }//防止在攻击间隔中进入move//[Header("Move Info")]public float moveSpeed;//定义速度,与xInput相乘控制速度的大小public float jumpForce;public float swordReturnImpact;//在player里设置swordReturnImpact作为击退的参数private float defaultMoveSpeed;private float defaultJumpForce;[Header("Dash Info")][SerializeField] private float dashCooldown;private float dashUsageTimer;//为dash设置冷却时间,在一定时间内不能连续使用public float dashSpeed;//冲刺速度public float dashDuration;//持续时间private float defaultDashSpeed;public float dashDir { get; private set; }#region 定义Statespublic PlayerStateMachine stateMachine { get; private set; }public PlayerIdleState idleState { get; private set; }public PlayerMoveState moveState { get; private set; }public PlayerJumpState jumpState { get; private set; }public PlayerAirState airState { get; private set; }public PlayerDashState dashState { get; private set; }public PlayerWallSlideState wallSlide { get; private set; }public PlayerWallJumpState wallJump { get; private set; }public PlayerDeadState deadState { get; private set; }public PlayerPrimaryAttackState primaryAttack { get; private set; }public PlayerCounterAttackState counterAttack { get; private set; }public PlayerAimSwordState aimSword { get; private set; }public PlayerCatchSwordState catchSword { get; private set; }public PlayerBlackholeState blackhole { get; private set; }public SkillManager skill { get; private set; }public GameObject sword{ get; private set; }//声明sword#endregionprotected override void Awake(){base.Awake();stateMachine = new PlayerStateMachine();//通过构造函数,在构造时传递信息idleState = new PlayerIdleState(this, stateMachine, "Idle");moveState = new PlayerMoveState(this, stateMachine, "Move");jumpState = new PlayerJumpState(this, stateMachine, "Jump");airState = new PlayerAirState(this, stateMachine, "Jump");dashState = new PlayerDashState(this, stateMachine, "Dash");wallSlide = new PlayerWallSlideState(this, stateMachine, "WallSlide");wallJump = new PlayerWallJumpState(this, stateMachine, "Jump");//wallJump也是Jump动画deadState = new PlayerDeadState(this, stateMachine, "Die");primaryAttack = new PlayerPrimaryAttackState(this, stateMachine, "Attack");counterAttack = new PlayerCounterAttackState(this, stateMachine, "CounterAttack");aimSword = new PlayerAimSwordState(this,stateMachine, "AimSword");catchSword = new PlayerCatchSwordState(this, stateMachine, "CatchSword");blackhole = new PlayerBlackholeState(this, stateMachine, "Jump");//this 就是 Player这个类本身}//Awake初始化所以State,为所有State传入各自独有的参数,及animBool,以判断是否调用此动画(与animatoin配合完成)protected override void Start(){base.Start();stateMachine.Initialize(idleState);skill = SkillManager.instance;defaultMoveSpeed = moveSpeed;defaultJumpForce = jumpForce;defaultDashSpeed = dashSpeed;}protected override void Update()//在mano中update会自动刷新但其他没有mano的不会故,需要在这个updata中调用其他脚本中的函数stateMachine.currentState.update以实现 //stateMachine中的update{base.Update();stateMachine.currentState.Update();//反复调用CurrentState的Update函数CheckForDashInput();if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.F)){skill.crystal.CanUseSkill();}}public override void SlowEntityBy(float _slowPercentage, float flowDuration)//减缓一切速度函数{base.SlowEntityBy(_slowPercentage, flowDuration);moveSpeed = moveSpeed * (1 - _slowPercentage);jumpForce = jumpForce * (1 - _slowPercentage);dashSpeed = dashSpeed * (1 - _slowPercentage);anim.speed = anim.speed * (1 - _slowPercentage);Invoke("ReturnDefaultSpeed", flowDuration);}protected override void ReturnDefaultSpeed()//全部速度恢复正常函数{base.ReturnDefaultSpeed();moveSpeed = defaultMoveSpeed;jumpForce = defaultJumpForce;dashSpeed = defaultDashSpeed;}public void AssignNewSword(GameObject _newSword)//保持创造的sword实例的函数{sword = _newSword;}public void CatchTheSword()//通过player的CatchTheSword进入,及当剑消失的瞬间进入{stateMachine.ChangeState(catchSword);Destroy(sword);}public IEnumerator BusyFor(float _seconds)//https://www.zhihu.com/tardis/bd/art/504607545?source_id=1001{isBusy = true;yield return new WaitForSeconds(_seconds);isBusy = false;}//p39 4.防止在攻击间隔中进入move,通过设置busy值,在使用某些状态时,使其为busy为true,抑制其进入其他state//IEnumertor本质就是将一个函数分块执行,只有满足某些条件才能执行下一段代码,此函数有StartCoroutine调用public void AnimationTrigger() => stateMachine.currentState.AnimationFinishTrigger();//从当前状态拿到AnimationTrigger进行调用的函数public void CheckForDashInput(){if (IsWallDetected()){return;}//修复在wallslide可以dash的BUGif (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.LeftShift) && skill.dash.CanUseSkill())//将DashTimer<0 的判断 改成DashSkill里的判断{dashDir = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//设置一个值,可以将dash的方向改为你想要的方向而不是你的朝向if (dashDir == 0){dashDir = facingDir;//只有当玩家没有控制方向时才使用默认朝向}stateMachine.ChangeState(dashState);}}//将Dash切换设置成一个函数,使其在所以情况下都能使用public override void Die(){base.Die();stateMachine.ChangeState(deadState);}
}