Flutter开发之CupertinoApp

最近由于使用Flutter编程更多，使用Flutter更顺手，相对于其他前端框架来说，Flutter在跨平台、响应式UI、自绘引擎、即插即用的组件和庞大的社区生态支持方面有更大的优势；Flutter拥有更低的学习成本，更高的开发效率和比SwiftUI稍低的渲染性能。
Flutter开发之CupertinoApp
在使用Flutter开发iOS风格的应用时，不可避免的使用到的组件就是CupertinoApp，它一般是应用的入口组件。

一、CupertinoApp基础

CupertinoApp在Flutter中时继承自StatefulWidget，为状态可变的组件，初始化方法为：

const CupertinoApp({super.key,this.navigatorKey,this.home,this.theme,Map<String, Widget Function(BuildContext)> this.routes = const <String, WidgetBuilder>{},this.initialRoute,this.onGenerateRoute,this.onGenerateInitialRoutes,this.onUnknownRoute,List<NavigatorObserver> this.navigatorObservers = const <NavigatorObserver>[],this.builder,this.title = '',this.onGenerateTitle,this.color,this.locale,this.localizationsDelegates,this.localeListResolutionCallback,this.localeResolutionCallback,this.supportedLocales = const <Locale>[Locale('en', 'US')],this.showPerformanceOverlay = false,this.checkerboardRasterCacheImages = false,this.checkerboardOffscreenLayers = false,this.showSemanticsDebugger = false,this.debugShowCheckedModeBanner = true,this.shortcuts,this.actions,this.restorationScopeId,this.scrollBehavior,@Deprecated('Remove this parameter as it is now ignored. ''CupertinoApp never introduces its own MediaQuery; the View widget takes care of that. ''This feature was deprecated after v3.7.0-29.0.pre.')this.useInheritedMediaQuery = false,}) : routeInformationProvider = null,routeInformationParser = null,routerDelegate = null,backButtonDispatcher = null,routerConfig = null;const CupertinoApp.router({super.key,this.routeInformationProvider,this.routeInformationParser,this.routerDelegate,this.backButtonDispatcher,this.routerConfig,this.theme,this.builder,this.title = '',this.onGenerateTitle,this.color,this.locale,this.localizationsDelegates,this.localeListResolutionCallback,this.localeResolutionCallback,this.supportedLocales = const <Locale>[Locale('en', 'US')],this.showPerformanceOverlay = false,this.checkerboardRasterCacheImages = false,this.checkerboardOffscreenLayers = false,this.showSemanticsDebugger = false,this.debugShowCheckedModeBanner = true,this.shortcuts,this.actions,this.restorationScopeId,this.scrollBehavior,@Deprecated('Remove this parameter as it is now ignored. ''CupertinoApp never introduces its own MediaQuery; the View widget takes care of that. ''This feature was deprecated after v3.7.0-29.0.pre.')this.useInheritedMediaQuery = false,}) : assert(routerDelegate != null || routerConfig != null),navigatorObservers = null,navigatorKey = null,onGenerateRoute = null,home = null,onGenerateInitialRoutes = null,onUnknownRoute = null,routes = null,initialRoute = null;

组件中可以设置主题、路由、国际化等基础功能，已经满足了绝大部分应用开发的需求。

二、CupertinoApp中的属性

/// 全局的导航组件key
final GlobalKey<NavigatorState>? navigatorKey;
/// 入口页面
final Widget? home;
/// iOS风格主题，可设置对应的主题参数控制页面展示
final CupertinoThemeData? theme;
/// 顶级路由表，通过字符串定位路由
final Map<String, WidgetBuilder>? routes;
/// 初始路由
final String? initialRoute;
/// 路由封装
final RouteFactory? onGenerateRoute;
final InitialRouteListFactory? onGenerateInitialRoutes;
final RouteFactory? onUnknownRoute;
/// 导航监听
final List<NavigatorObserver>? navigatorObservers;
/// 路由状态变化
final RouteInformationProvider? routeInformationProvider;
/// 路由状态解析
final RouteInformationParser<Object>? routeInformationParser;
/// 路由代理
final RouterDelegate<Object>? routerDelegate;
/// 返回按钮调度，控制返回按钮优先级
final BackButtonDispatcher? backButtonDispatcher;
/// 路由配置，与路由代理互斥
final RouterConfig<Object>? routerConfig;
/// 路由过渡动画
final TransitionBuilder? builder;
/// 标题
final String title;
final GenerateAppTitle? onGenerateTitle;
/// 颜色
final Color? color;
/// 本地语言
final Locale? locale;
/// 国际化代理
final Iterable<LocalizationsDelegate<dynamic>>? localizationsDelegates;
/// 国际化解析回调
final LocaleListResolutionCallback? localeListResolutionCallback;
final LocaleResolutionCallback? localeResolutionCallback;
/// 支持的语言
final Iterable<Locale> supportedLocales;
/// 是否打开性能监测
final bool showPerformanceOverlay;
/// 是否打开栅格化缓存图片
final bool checkerboardRasterCacheImages;
/// 是否打开离屏渲染
final bool checkerboardOffscreenLayers;
/// 调试信息展示
final bool showSemanticsDebugger;
final bool debugShowCheckedModeBanner;
/// 组件快捷方式，可以在子组件之间共享
final Map<ShortcutActivator, Intent>? shortcuts;
/// 触发快捷方式，可以在子组件之间共享
final Map<Type, Action<Intent>>? actions;
/// 恢复id，与状态管理相关
final String? restorationScopeId;
/// 滚动行为
final ScrollBehavior? scrollBehavior;
/// MediaQuery相关，状态开关，可用于拦截
final bool useInheritedMediaQuery;
/// iOS风格Hero动画控制器
static HeroController createCupertinoHeroController() =>HeroController();