OSPF综合实验详解

一、实验要求

1，R4为ISP，其上只能配置IP地址；R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP；

2，R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点；

3，整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16..8/16划分；

4，所有设备均可访问R4的环回；

5，减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全；

6，全网可达。

二、实验拓扑

三、实验步骤

1、根据实验要求合理划分网段

172.16.0.0/19 --- A0

172.16.0.0/24 --- P2P骨干

172.16.0.0/30

......

172.16.1.0/24 --- MA骨干

172.16.1.0/29

......

172.16.2.0/24

......

172.16.32.0/19 --- A1

172.16.32.0/24 --- P2P骨干

172.16.32.0/30

......

172.16.33.0/24 --- MA骨干

172.16.33.0/29

......

172.16.34.0/24

......

172.16.64.0/19 --- A2

172.16.64.0/24 --- P2P骨干

172.16.64.0/30

......

172.16.65.0/24 --- MA骨干

172.16.65.0/30

......

172.16.66.0/24

......

172.16.96.0/19 --- A3

172.16.96.0/24 --- P2P骨干

172.16.96.0/30

......

172.16.97.0/24 --- MA骨干

172.16.97.0/29

......

172.16.98.0/24

......

172.16.128.0/19 --- A4

172.16.128.0/24 --- P2P骨干

172.16.128.0/30

......

172.16.129.0/24 --- MA骨干

172.16.129.0/29

......

172.16.130.0/24

......

172.16.160.0/19 --- RIP

172.16.160.0/20

172.16.176.0/20

172.16.192.0/19

172.16.224.0/19

2、对A0区域的设备配置IP，环回及缺省路由

[R3]int Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.1 24
[R3-Serial4/0/0]q
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2

[ISP]int s4/0/0
[ISP-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.2 24
[ISP-Serial4/0/0]int s3/0/0
[ISP-Serial3/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.2 24
[ISP-Serial3/0/0]int s4/0/1
[ISP-Serial4/0/1]ip address 45.0.0.2 24
[ISP-Serial4/0/1]int g0/0/0
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.2 24
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24

[R5]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 45.0.0.1 24
[R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.2.1 24
[R5-LoopBack0]q
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.2

[R6]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.1 24.
[R6-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.3.1 24
[R6-LoopBack0]q
[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2

[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.1 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.4.1 24
[R7-LoopBack0]q
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.2

3、配置R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.1 29
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
*给R3中心开启伪广播

[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.2 29
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register

[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.3 29
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register

[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.4 29
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register

4、配置其他路由器接口IP以及环回地址

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 29
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.2 29
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.35.1 24

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.3 29
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.36.1 24

[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.1 29

[R7]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.1 29

[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.2 29
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.98.1 24
[R8-LoopBack0]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.9 29

[R9]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.10 29
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.129.1 29
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.130.1 24

[R10]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.129.2 29
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.131.1 24

[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.2 29
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.65.9 29
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.66.1 24

[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.10 29
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.160.1 20
[R12-LoopBack0]int l1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.176.1 20

5、启动OSPF协议以及R12的rip

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.7.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.7.255
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0

[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]area 4
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255

[R10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-1]area 4
[R10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
[R12]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]version 2
[R12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

6、更改R3,R5,R6,R7的tunnel接口类型

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
7、在R12上进行重发布，使得运行OSPF的设备学习到域外路由信息

[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
8、减少路由条目

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]area 4
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[R9-ospf-1]undo a
[R9-ospf-1]undo area 4
[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-2]area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.168.128.0 0.0.3.255
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R9-ospf-1]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
9、路由汇总（区域间和区域内）以及配置空接口放环

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
[R3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
[R6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
[R9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0

[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
[R12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0

10、做特殊区域减少路由条目

[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

[R11]ospf 1
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

11、配置nat，使得可以访问公网

[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R6]acl 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

12、进行区域认证保障更新安全

[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
13、加快收敛，修改hello时间

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10

[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
14、测试全网可达

————————————————

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_50528280/article/details/127950828