新建数据库

数据库备份，数据库为school，素材如下1.创建student和score表CREATE  TABLE  student (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  ,
name  VARCHAR(20)  NOT NULL ,
sex  VARCHAR(4)  ,
birth  YEAR,
department  VARCHAR(20) ,
address  VARCHAR(50) 
);创建score表。SQL代码如下：CREATE  TABLE  score (
id  INT(10)  NOT NULL  UNIQUE  PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id  INT(10)  NOT NULL ,
c_name  VARCHAR(20) ,
grade  INT(10)
);2.为student表和score表增加记录向student表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');向score表插入记录的INSERT语句如下：
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);

 

备份数据库
备份数据库student到/backup目录

[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /backup
[root@node1 ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p student > /backup/it.sql
Enter password: 
[root@node1 ~]# cd /backup
[root@node1 backup]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3351 Feb 19 11:50 it.sql

备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式，能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库

[root@node1 backup]# mysqldump --add-drop-table -uroot  -p student > /backup/backupfile.sql
Enter password: 
[root@node1 backup]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3351 Feb 19 11:53 backupfile.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3351 Feb 19 11:50 it.sql

直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份

[root@node1 backup]#  mysqldump -uroot -p school | gzip > /backup/school.sql
Enter password: 
mysqldump: Got error: 1049: Unknown database 'school' when selecting the database
[root@node1 backup]# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3351 Feb 19 11:53 backupfile.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3351 Feb 19 11:50 it.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  353 Feb 19 11:56 school.sql