一、qsf文件概述

qsf：Quartus Setting File，是Quartus工程的配置文件；

包含一个Quartus工程的所有约束，包括工程的软件版本信息、FPGA器件信息、引脚约分配、引脚电平分配，编译约束和用于Classic TimingAnalyzer的时序约束；

二、文件配置格式

2.1 set_global_assignment--配置属性格式

语法：set_global_assignment

set_global_assignment [-h | -help] [-long_help] [-comment <comment> ] [-disable] [-entity <entity_name> ] -name <name> [-remove] [-section_id <section id> ] [ <value> ]

note：这里，[]内的内容是可选的，被<>扩起来的就是必须填写的参数

新建空的工程时，Quartus软件根据配置自动生成的qsf文件有如下内容：

set_global_assignment -name FAMILY "Cyclone V"
set_global_assignment -name DEVICE 5CGXBC3B6U19C7
set_global_assignment -name TOP_LEVEL_ENTITY quartus_prj_demo
set_global_assignment -name ORIGINAL_QUARTUS_VERSION 18.1.0
set_global_assignment -name PROJECT_CREATION_TIME_DATE "21:43:09  FEBRUARY 07, 2024"
set_global_assignment -name LAST_QUARTUS_VERSION "18.1.0 Standard Edition"
set_global_assignment -name PROJECT_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY output_files
set_global_assignment -name MIN_CORE_JUNCTION_TEMP 0
set_global_assignment -name MAX_CORE_JUNCTION_TEMP 85
set_global_assignment -name ERROR_CHECK_FREQUENCY_DIVISOR 256
set_global_assignment -name EDA_SIMULATION_TOOL "ModelSim (Verilog)"
set_global_assignment -name EDA_TIME_SCALE "1 ps" -section_id eda_simulation
set_global_assignment -name EDA_OUTPUT_DATA_FORMAT "VERILOG HDL" -section_id eda_simulation

只需看懂意思即可：由上图可以知道

1. FPA器件的系列与具体型号：FAMILY与DEVICE
2. 顶层实体名称：TOP_LEVEL_ENTITY
3. Quartus软件版本：创建工程时的Quartus版本与最终打开的Quartus版本：ORIGINAL_QUARTUS_VERSION 和LAST_QUARTUS_VERSION
4. 创建工程的时间：PROJECT_CREATION_TIME_DATE
5. 工程输出路径：PROJECT_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY
6. 最小与最大核心半导体核心节点温度：MIN_CORE_JUNCTION_TEMP与MAX_CORE_JUNCTION_TEMP
7. EDA仿真软件：EDA_SIMULATION_TOOL
8. EDA仿真时间单位：EDA_TIME_SCALE
9. EDA输出数据格式：EDA_OUTPUT_DATA_FORMAT
10. CRC校验时钟频率：ERROR_CHECK_FREQUENCY_DIVISOR

Specifies the divide value of the internal clock, which determines the frequency of the CRC. The divide value must be a power of two（分频值为2的幂次）. Refer to the device handbook to find the frequency of the internal clock for the selected device.

其他部分有：

set_global_assignment -name PRESERVE_UNUSED_XCVR_CHANNEL ON
set_global_assignment -name MESSAGE_DISABLE 332157
set_global_assignment -name MESSAGE_DISABLE 113015
set_global_assignment -name POWER_PRESET_COOLING_SOLUTION "23 MM HEAT SINK WITH 200 LFPM AIRFLOW"
set_global_assignment -name POWER_BOARD_THERMAL_MODEL "NONE (CONSERVATIVE)"
set_global_assignment -name ENABLE_SIGNALTAP ON

set_global_assignment -name PROJECT_IP_REGENERATION_POLICY NEVER_REGENERATE_IP
set_global_assignment -name USE_SIGNALTAP_FILE output_files/stp1.stp

set_global_assignment -name SIGNALTAP_FILE output_files/stp1.stp

set_global_assignment -name QSYS_FILE ../rtl/aux_mux.qsys

set_global_assignment -name IP_FILE ../rtl/ip/aux_mux_vid_clk.ip

set_global_assignment -name VERILOG_FILE ../rtl/temp_sensor.v

set_global_assignment -name MIF_FILE pll.mif

set_global_assignment -name SDC_FILE ../rtl/user_constr.sdc

set_global_assignment -name SYSTEMVERILOG_FILE ../rtl/xcvr_reconfig_arbiter.sv

set_global_assignment -name TCL_SCRIPT_FILE ../tcl/Pin_Location.tcl

2.2 set_location_assignment--配置管脚格式

语法：set_location_assignment

set_location_assignment [-h | -help] [-long_help] [-comment <comment> ] [-disable] [-fall] [-remove] [-rise] [-tag <data> ] -to <destination> [ <value> ]

​

qsf文件中的引脚分配举例：

set_location_assignment PIN_AB1 -to global_resetn
set_location_assignment PIN_AB2 -to hdmi_rx[0]

set_location_assignment PIN_AB3 -to "hdmi_rx[0](n)"

注释：

1. 普通的引脚分配，设置一个全局reset引脚，低电平有效
2. hdmi_rx[0]与hdmi_rx[0](n)分别是一对hdmi差分对接收端的p网络和n网络
3. 有空格或者或者括号(n)这种网络，需要加双引号

2.3 set_instance_assignment

语法：set_instance_assignment

set_instance_assignment [-h | -help] [-long_help] [-comment <comment> ] [-disable] [-entity <entity_name> ] [-fall] [-from <source> ] -name <name> [-remove] [-rise] [-section_id <section id> ] [-tag <data> ] [-to <destination> ] [ <value> ]

qsf文件中的实例分配举例：

set_instance_assignment -name IO_STANDARD LVDS -to refclk_135m_p

或者：

set_instance_assignment -name IO_STANDARD LVDS -to refclk_100m_p -entity top_instance

注释：

1. 设置差分时钟P网络为LVDS电平标准
2. Quartus中指定差分网路电平标准时，只需要指明P网络的电平标准即可，N网络默认同P网络的电平标准
3. 这里还给差分时钟网络refclk_100m_p指定了顶层模块名

三、应用场景

3.1 普通IO引脚

set_location_assignment PIN_AB1 -to led_0

set_instance_assignment -name IO_STANDARD "1.8 V" -to led_0

3.2 低速IO引脚

set_location_assignment PIN_AB1 -to hdmi_scl

set_instance_assignment -name IO_STANDARD "1.8 V" -to hdmi_scl

set_instance_assignment -name SLEW_RATE 0 -to hdmi_scl -entity top_instance

set_instance_assignment -name CURRENT_STRENGTH_NEW 2MA -to hdmi_scl -entity top_instance

3.3 差分时钟约束

set_location_assignment PIN_AB1 -to refclk_100m_p

set_location_assignment PIN_AB2 -to "refclk_100m_p(n)"

set_instance_assignment -name IO_STANDARD LVDS -to refclk_100m_p

或者：

set_instance_assignment -name IO_STANDARD LVDS -to refclk_100m_p -entity top_instance

偶尔也有：

set_instance_assignment -name INPUT_TERMINATION DIFFERENTIAL -to refclk_100m_p

3.4 高速差分对tx

set_location_assignment PIN_AB1 -to hdmi_tx[0]

set_location_assignment PIN_AB2 -to "hdmi_tx[0](n)"

set_instance_assignment -name IO_STANDARD "HIGH SPEED DIFFERENTIAL I/O" -to hdmi_tx[0] -entity top_instance

3.5 高速差分对rx

set_location_assignment PIN_AB0 -to dp_rx_p[0]

set_location_assignment PIN_AB1 -to dp_rx_p[0]

set_instance_assignment -name XCVR_VCCR_VCCT_VOLTAGE 1_0V -to dp_rx_p[0]

set_instance_assignment -name IO_STANDARD "HIGH SPEED DIFFERENTIAL I/O" -to dp_rx_p[0]

如下这种只有P脚，没有N脚的差分对还没看懂，待后续分析：

set_location_assignment PIN_AB1 -to hdmi_rx_p
set_instance_assignment -name IO_STANDARD "HIGH SPEED DIFFERENTIAL I/O" -to hdmi_rx_p -entity top_instance -disable
set_instance_assignment -name XCVR_VCCR_VCCT_VOLTAGE 1_0V -to hdmi_rx_p -entity top_instance -disable
set_instance_assignment -name XCVR_A10_RX_EQ_DC_GAIN_TRIM NO_DC_GAIN -to hdmi_rx_p -entity top_instance -disable
set_instance_assignment -name XCVR_A10_RX_ONE_STAGE_ENABLE NON_S1_MODE -to hdmi_rx_p -entity top_instance -disable
set_instance_assignment -name XCVR_A10_RX_ADP_VGA_SEL RADP_VGA_SEL_4 -to hdmi_rx_p -entity top_instance -disable
set_instance_assignment -name XCVR_A10_RX_LINK SR -to hdmi_rx_p -entity top_instance -disable

四、Quartus导入导出qsf文件

4.1 导入qsf文件方法

Assignments 》 Import Assignments，单击添加qsf文件（该qsf文件可以是其他工程里面的），再OK即可。

4.2 导出qsf文件方法

Assignments 》 Export Assignments，无特别要求，默认即可。