springboot综合案例(一)

文章目录

前言
项目开发流程
- 需求分析
- 库表设计
- 编码环节
- - 环境搭建
  - - mybatis的配置
    - jsp模版引擎的配置
    - 日志的配置
    - 基本项目工程的配置
- 功能实现
- - 用户注册
  - - 实现验证码功能
    - 实现用户注册
  - 用户登录功能
  - 员工列表实现
  - 员工信息增删查改
  - - 员工增加信息
    - 员工修改信息
    - 删除员工信息

前言

我具体用一个小案例来带大家熟悉springboot框架

项目开发流程

需求分析: 分析用户主要需求提取出项目核心功能根据核心功能构建页面原型
库表设计(概要设计): 1.分析整个系统有哪些表 2.分析出表之间关联关系 3.确定字段
详细设计(流程图,伪代码): 用来验证库表准确性
功能实现(编码): 环境搭建具体功能实现
功能测试功能测试
部署
上线运维
维护
全栈式: 前端 + 后端 + 运维

需求分析

系统中含有哪些模块?
每个模块功能有哪些?
a.用户模块登录注册验证码生成
b.员工模块查询删除更新添加

库表设计

系统需要2张表: 用户表 user 员工表: employee
表与表之间关系: user employee 独立两张表
确定字段:
user: id 、username、password、realname、gender
employee： id 、 name、birthday、salary、gender
我们这里设计好数据表以后，我们就开始创建数据表和数据库
如下：
创建employee

CREATE TABLE `employee` (`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',`name` varchar(60) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '姓名',`birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',`salary` double(10,2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '工资',`gender` tinyint(3) unsigned DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

CREATE TABLE `user` (`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`username` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',`realname` varchar(60) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '真实姓名',`password` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',`gender` tinyint(3) unsigned DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

编码环节

环境搭建

技术选型: springboot + mybatis + jsp + mysql
环境搭建: springboot + jsp + mybatis

mybatis的配置

引入依赖

   <!--mybatis-spring-boot--><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>2.1.4</version></dependency><!--druid--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>1.2.4</version></dependency><!--mysql--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.38</version></dependency>

写mybatis的配置文件

#配置数据库连接
datasource:type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourcedriver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ems-jsp?characterEncoding=UTF-8username: rootpassword: 123456
#配置mybatis
mybatis:mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/**Mapper.xmltype-aliases-package: com.demo.entity

jsp模版引擎的配置

引入jsp依赖

  <!--jsp解析依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId><artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId></dependency>

在application.yml加入以下配置

# 配置jsp模板
spring:mvc:view:prefix: /suffix: .jsp

日志的配置

在application下面加入logging配置

#配置日志使用
logging:level:root: infocom.demo: debug #指定包日志

基本项目工程的配置

在这里插入图片描述

功能实现

我们开始实现具体的功能

用户注册

现来看一下具体的注册页面
在这里插入图片描述

实现验证码功能

具体的思路：
验证码生成功能实现:
1.生成随机字符
2.放入session中
3.将随机数写入图片
4.将图片响应回去

首先我先提供一个生成随机字符的工具类

package com.demo.utils;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;/***@创建人  c*@创建时间  2023*@描述   验证码生成*/
public class VerifyCodeUtils{//使用到Algerian字体，系统里没有的话需要安装字体，字体只显示大写，去掉了1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字符public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";private static Random random = new Random();/*** 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码* @param verifySize    验证码长度* @return*/public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize){return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);}/*** 使用指定源生成验证码* @param verifySize    验证码长度* @param sources   验证码字符源* @return*/public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources){if(sources == null || sources.length() == 0){sources = VERIFY_CODES;}int codesLen = sources.length();Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen-1)));}return verifyCode.toString();}/*** 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值* @param w* @param h* @param outputFile* @param verifySize* @return* @throws IOException*/public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException{String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);return verifyCode;}/*** 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值* @param w* @param h* @param os* @param verifySize* @return* @throws IOException*/public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException{String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);return verifyCode;}/*** 生成指定验证码图像文件* @param w* @param h* @param outputFile* @param code* @throws IOException*/public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException{if(outputFile == null){return;}File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();if(!dir.exists()){dir.mkdirs();}try{outputFile.createNewFile();FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);outputImage(w, h, fos, code);fos.close();} catch(IOException e){throw e;}}/*** 输出指定验证码图片流* @param w* @param h* @param os* @param code* @throws IOException*/public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException{int verifySize = code.length();BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Random rand = new Random();Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);Color[] colors = new Color[5];Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW };float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];for(int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++){colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();}Arrays.sort(fractions);g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h-4);//绘制干扰线Random random = new Random();g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);}// 添加噪点float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {int x = random.nextInt(w);int y = random.nextInt(h);int rgb = getRandomIntColor();image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);}shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));int fontSize = h-4;Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);g2.setFont(font);char[] chars = code.toCharArray();for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize/2, h/2);g2.setTransform(affine);g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w-10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h/2 + fontSize/2 - 10);}g2.dispose();ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);}private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {if (fc > 255)fc = 255;if (bc > 255)bc = 255;int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);return new Color(r, g, b);}private static int getRandomIntColor() {int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();int color = 0;for (int c : rgb) {color = color << 8;color = color | c;}return color;}private static int[] getRandomRgb() {int[] rgb = new int[3];for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);}return rgb;}private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {shearX(g, w1, h1, color);shearY(g, w1, h1, color);}private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {int period = random.nextInt(2);boolean borderGap = true;int frames = 1;int phase = random.nextInt(2);for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {double d = (double) (period >> 1)* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period+ (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)/ (double) frames);g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);if (borderGap) {g.setColor(color);g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);}}}private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;boolean borderGap = true;int frames = 20;int phase = 7;for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {double d = (double) (period >> 1)* Math.sin((double) i / (double) period+ (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)/ (double) frames);g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);if (borderGap) {g.setColor(color);g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);}}}public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {//获取验证码String s = generateVerifyCode(4);//将验证码放入图片中outputImage(260,60,new File("/Users/chenyannan/Desktop/安工资料/aa.jpg"),s);System.out.println(s);}
}

然后建一个测试类，我们测试一下

package com.demo.utils;import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;class VerifyCodeUtilsTest {@Testpublic void TestGet() throws IOException {//生成验证码String s=VerifyCodeUtils.generateVerifyCode(4);System.out.println(s);//写入图片FileOutputStream os=new FileOutputStream(new File("D:\\Study\\java\\practical-projects\\spring-boot\\ems-jsp\\aa.png"));VerifyCodeUtils.outputImage(200,80,os,s);}
}

接下来编写Controller层的代码

@Controller
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController {/*** 用来生成验证码操作*/@RequestMapping("generateImageCode")public void generateImageCode(HttpSession httpSession, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {//1.生成随机字符串String code=VerifyCodeUtils.generateVerifyCode(4);//2.保存随机字符串在session中httpSession.setAttribute("code",code);//3.将随机字符串生成图片//4.通过response响应的图片response.setContentType("image/png");ServletOutputStream os=response.getOutputStream();VerifyCodeUtils.outputImage(220,80,os,code);}
}

前台代码修改

<tr><td valign="middle" align="right">验证码:<img id="num" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/generateImageCode" /><a href="javascript:;" onclick="document.getElementById('num').src = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/generateImageCode?'+(new Date()).getTime()">换一张</a></td><td valign="middle" align="left"><input type="text" class="inputgri" name="code" /></td></tr>

实现用户注册

用户注册功能实现:
1.根据用户输入验证码比较session中验证码是否一致
2.如果一致完成注册,如果不一致直接返回错误
3.完成注册向数据库中保存当前的用户信息
a.保存信息之前判断当前用户名是否存在如果存在直接返回错误
b.如果当前用户名不存在保存用户信息保存用户信息给密码进行加密处理
构建实体类

public class User {private Integer id;private String username;private String realname;private String password;private Boolean gender;}//get和set方法略写

构建Controller

 /*** 用户注册功能*/@RequestMapping("register")public String register(User user, String code,HttpSession session) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {log.debug("接收到验证码: {}",code);log.debug("用户名:{}, 真实姓名:{}, 密码:{}, 性别:{}",user.getUsername(),user.getRealname(),user.getPassword(),user.getGender());try {//1.比较验证是否一致String sessionCode = session.getAttribute("code").toString();if (!sessionCode.equalsIgnoreCase(code)) throw new RuntimeException("验证码输入错误!");//2.注册用户userService.register(user);} catch (RuntimeException e) {e.printStackTrace();return "redirect:/regist.jsp?msg="+ URLEncoder.encode(e.getMessage(),"UTF-8");}return "redirect:/login.jsp";}

构建Mapper

public interface UserMapper {//根据用户名查询用户User findByUserName(String username);//注册用户void save(User user);
}

mapper配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.demo.mapper.UserMapper"><!--根据用户名查询用户--><select id="findByUserName" parameterType="String" resultType="User">select id,username,realname,password,gender from `user`where username = #{username}</select><!--注册用户--><insert id="save" parameterType="User" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">insert into `user` values(#{id},#{username},#{realname},#{password},#{gender})</insert></mapper>

构建Service业务层代码

@Service
@Transactional
public class UserService {@Resourceprivate UserMapper userMapper;public void register(User user) {//1.根据用户查询数据库是否存在改用户名User userDB = userMapper.findByUserName(user.getUsername());if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(userDB)) throw new RuntimeException("用户名已存在!");//2.进行注册之前给明文加密String passwordSecret = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(user.getPassword().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));user.setPassword(passwordSecret);userMapper.save(user);}
}

前台代码

<%@page contentType="text/html; UTF-8" isELIgnored="false" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html><head><title>regist</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css" /></head><body><div id="wrap"><div id="top_content"><div id="header"><div id="rightheader"><p>2009/11/20<br /></p></div><div id="topheader"><h1 id="title"><a href="#">main</a></h1></div><div id="navigation"></div></div><div id="content"><p id="whereami"></p><h1>注册 ---> ${param.msg}</h1><form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/register" method="post"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0"class="form_table"><tr><td valign="middle" align="right">用户名:</td><td valign="middle" align="left"><input type="text" class="inputgri" name="username" /></td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="right">真实姓名:</td><td valign="middle" align="left"><input type="text" class="inputgri" name="realname" /></td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="right">密码:</td><td valign="middle" align="left"><input type="password" class="inputgri" name="password" /></td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="right">性别:</td><td valign="middle" align="left">男<input type="radio" class="inputgri" name="gender" value="1" checked="checked"/>女<input type="radio" class="inputgri" name="gender" value="0"/></td></tr><tr><td valign="middle" align="right">验证码:<img id="num" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/generateImageCode" /><a href="javascript:;" onclick="document.getElementById('num').src = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/generateImageCode?'+(new Date()).getTime()">换一张</a></td><td valign="middle" align="left"><input type="text" class="inputgri" name="code" /></td></tr></table><p><input type="submit" class="button" value="Submit &raquo;" /><input type="button" class="button" onclick="location.href='${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login.jsp'" value="Login &raquo;" /></p></form></div></div><div id="footer"><div id="footer_bg">ABC@126.com</div></div></div></body>
</html>

用户登录功能

具体的原理
用户登录功能实现:
1.根据用户输入用户名去数据库中查询是否存在改用户名
2.如果存在,判断密码是否一致如果不存在,用户名输入错误
3.判断密码根据数据库加密密码与对接收密码进行md5加密之后比较
md5: 只要内容相同多次计算md5 结果一定是一致
4.保存用户登录标记到Session中
Controller

 /*** 用户登录功能*/@RequestMapping("login")public String login(String username,String password,HttpSession session) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {log.debug("接收到用户名:{}, 接收到密码:{}",username,password);try {//1.执行登录业务逻辑User user = userService.login(username,password);//2.登录成功,保存用户登录标记session.setAttribute("user",user);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return "redirect:/login.jsp?msg="+URLEncoder.encode(e.getMessage(),"UTF-8");}return "redirect:/employee/list";}

Service业务逻辑层

 public User login(String username, String password) {//1.根据用户输入的用户名查询数据是否存在User user=userMapper.findByUserName(username);//2.判断对象是否存在if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(user)) throw new RuntimeException("用户名输入错误!");//3.判断密码的正确性String digestPassword = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(user.getPassword().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));if (user.getPassword().equals(digestPassword)) throw new RuntimeException("密码输入错误！！！");return user;}

员工列表实现

具体的逻辑
员工列表:
1.在数据库中查询所有员工信息
2.在页面中进行展示
实体类

public class Employee {private Integer id;private String name;private Date birthday;private Double salary;private Boolean gender;}

controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/employee")
public class EmployeeController {@Resourceprivate EmployeeService employeeService;/*** 员工列表** @return*/@RequestMapping("list")public String listEmployee(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) {//1.获取员工列表List<Employee> employees = employeeService.list();//request.setAttribute("employees",employees);model.addAttribute("employees", employees);return "emplist";}
}

Mapper

public interface EmployeeMapper {//查询员工信息列表List<Employee> list();
}

  <!--员工列表--><select id="list" resultType="Employee">select id,name,birthday,salary,gender from `employee`</select>

Service

@Service
public class EmployeeService {@ResourceEmployeeMapper employeeMapper;public List<Employee> list(){return employeeMapper.list();}}

员工信息增删查改

员工增加信息

	1.在员工controller中开发一个添加方法2.接收员工信息3.将员工信息保存到数据库4.跳转到员工列表展示数据

controller

  /*** 员工增加信息*/@RequestMapping("add")public String addEmployee(Employee employee) {log.debug("员工名称: {}", employee.getName());log.debug("员工工资: {}", employee.getSalary());log.debug("员工生日: {}", employee.getBirthday());log.debug("员工性别: {}", employee.getGender());//1.保存员工信息employeeService.add(employee);return "redirect:/employee/list";//跳转到列表}

Mapper

public interface EmployeeMapper {//查询员工信息列表List<Employee> list();//添加员工信息void add(Employee employee);
}

<!--添加员工信息--><insert id="add" parameterType="Employee" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">insert into `employee` values(#{id},#{name},#{birthday},#{salary},#{gender})</insert>

Service

 public void add(Employee employee) {employeeMapper.add(employee);}

员工修改信息

更新操作示意图在这里插入图片描述

更新员工:
上半步数据回显:
1.点击更新链接传递当前更新员工id到controller
2.在controller中根据id查询员工信息
3.将查询到的员工信息保存到作用域
4.跳转到更新页面展示修改员工信息

Controller

  @RequestMapping("detail")public String detailEmployee(Integer id,Model model){log.debug("接收id: {}", id);//1.根据id查询一个员工Employee employee = employeeService.idByEmployee(id);//2.存入作用域request session applicationmodel.addAttribute("employee", employee);return "updateEmp";//跳转页面}

Service

//根据id查询员工信息public Employee idByEmployee(Integer id) {return employeeMapper.idByEmployee( id);}

  /*** 根据id查询员工信息*/@RequestMapping("detail")public String detailEmployee(Integer id,Model model){log.debug("接收id: {}", id);//1.根据id查询一个员工Employee employee = employeeService.idByEmployee(id);//2.存入作用域request session applicationmodel.addAttribute("employee", employee);return "updateEmp";//跳转页面}

Mapper
EmployeeMapper文件

   Employee idByEmployee(Integer id);

xml文件

 <!--根据id查询一个员工信息--><select id="idByEmployee" parameterType="Integer" resultType="Employee">select id,name,birthday,salary,gender from `employee`where id = #{id}</select>

下半步:
1.获取更新之后员工信息
2.更新数据库
Controller

/*** 更新员工信息** @return*/@RequestMapping("update")public String updateEmployee(Employee employee) {log.debug("员工id: {}", employee.getId());log.debug("员工名称: {}", employee.getName());log.debug("员工工资: {}", employee.getSalary());log.debug("员工生日: {}", employee.getBirthday());log.debug("员工性别: {}", employee.getGender());//1.更新员工信息employeeService.update(employee);//2.跳转到员工列表return "redirect:/employee/list";}

Service

  public void update(Employee employee) {employeeMapper.update(employee);}

Mapper
EmployeeMapper类文件

void update(Employee employee);

xml文件

 <!--更新员工信息--><update id="update" parameterType="Employee">update `employee` set name=#{name},birthday=#{birthday},salary=#{salary},gender=#{gender}where id = #{id}</update>

删除员工信息

具体思路:
1.点击删除根据id去数据库中删除指定员工信息
2.删除成功之后跳转到列表页面
Controller

  /*** 根据id删除员工信息* @return*/@RequestMapping("/delete")public String deleteEmployee(Integer id){log.debug("删除的id: {}",id);//1.根据id删除员工信息employeeService.delete(id);//2.跳转到列表页面return "redirect:/employee/list";}

Service

public void delete(Integer id) {employeeMapper.delete(id);}

Mapper
EmployeeMapper类

    void delete(Integer id);

xml文件

<!--根据id删除员工信息--><delete id="delete" parameterType="Integer">delete from `employee` where id=#{id}</delete>