Spring Boot中快速操作Mongodb
在Spring Boot中集成Mongodb非常简单，只需要加入Mongodb的Starter包即可，代码如下：
复制代码<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
然后配置Mongodb的连接信息：
复制代码spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://192.168.0.13/test
完整配置信息请参考下面：
复制代码spring.data.mongodb.authentication-database= # Authentication database name.
spring.data.mongodb.database= # Database name.
spring.data.mongodb.field-naming-strategy= # Fully qualified name of the FieldNamingStrategy to use.
spring.data.mongodb.grid-fs-database= # GridFS database name.
spring.data.mongodb.host= # Mongo server host. Cannot be set with URI.
spring.data.mongodb.password= # Login password of the mongo server. Cannot be set with URI.
spring.data.mongodb.port= # Mongo server port. Cannot be set with URI.
spring.data.mongodb.repositories.type=auto # Type of Mongo repositories to enable.
spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost/test # Mongo database URI. Cannot be set with host, port and credentials.
spring.data.mongodb.username= # Login user of the mongo server. Cannot be set with URI.
配置好了之后就直接可以注入MongoTemplate操作数据了
添加数据
首先创建一个实体类，我们这边用文章来做实体类，定义如下字段:
复制代码import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Field;
/*** 文章信息* @author yinjihuan**/
@Document(collection = "article_info")
public class Article {@Idprivate String id;@Field("title")private String title;@Field("url")private String url;@Field("author")private String author;@Field("tags")private List<String> tags;@Field("visit_count")private Long visitCount;@Field("add_time")private Date addTime;//省略get set方法
}
实体类中的注解解释如下： 1.Document注解标识这是一个文档，等同mysql中的表,collection值表示mongodb中集合的名称，不写默认为实体类名article。 2.Id注解为主键标识 3.Field注解为字段标识，指定值为字段名称，这边有个小技巧，之所有spring-data.mongodb中有这样的注解，是为了能够让用户自定义字段名称，可以和实体类不一致，还有个好处就是可以用缩写，比如username我们可以配置成unane或者un,这样的好处是节省了存储空间，mongodb的存储方式是key value形式的，每个key就会重复存储，key其实就占了很大一份存储空间。
接下来可以操作数据库了，接着上次，在测试类里写代码
复制代码@Autowired
private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;/*** 初始化文章信息* @author yinjihuan*/
public static void initArticle() {//循环添加for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {Article article = new Article();article.setTitle("MongoTemplate的基本使用");article.setAuthor("yinjihuan");article.setUrl("http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/" + i);article.setTags(Arrays.asList("java", "mongodb", "spring"));article.setVisitCount(0L);article.setAddTime(new Date());mongoTemplate.save(article);}//批量添加List<Article> articles = new ArrayList<>(10);for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {Article article = new Article();article.setTitle("MongoTemplate的基本使用");article.setAuthor("yinjihuan");article.setUrl("http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/" + i);article.setTags(Arrays.asList("java", "mongodb", "spring"));article.setVisitCount(0L);article.setAddTime(new Date());articles.add(article);}mongoTemplate.insert(articles, Article.class);}
在数据量大的情况下批量添加性能会更好哦。
删除操作
复制代码//删除author为yinjihuan的数据
Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
mongoTemplate.remove(query, Article.class);
复制代码//如果实体类中没配集合名词，可在删除的时候单独指定article_info
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
mongoTemplate.remove(query, "article_info");
复制代码//删除集合，可传实体类，也可以传名称
mongoTemplate.dropCollection(Article.class);
mongoTemplate.dropCollection("article_info");
复制代码//删除数据库
mongoTemplate.getDb().dropDatabase();
下面这2种适合要知道删除的数据有哪些的场景，比如记录删除的记录
复制代码//查询出符合条件的第一个结果，并将符合条件的数据删除,只会删除第一条
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
Article article = mongoTemplate.findAndRemove(query, Article.class);
复制代码//查询出符合条件的所有结果，并将符合条件的所有数据删除
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
List<Article> articles = mongoTemplate.findAllAndRemove(query, Article.class);
修改操作
首先初始化需要修改的数据
复制代码{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc48"),"title": "MongoTemplate的基本使用","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/0","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["java","mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 0,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:21.881Z")
}
{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc49"),"title": "MongoTemplate的基本使用","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/1","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["java","mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 0,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:22.201Z")
}
复制代码//修改第一条author为yinjihuan的数据中的title和visitCount
Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
Update update = Update.update("title", "MongoTemplate").set("visitCount", 10);
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, Article.class);
修改后结果如下,我们会发现第一条数据的title还有visit_count被修改了
复制代码{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc48"),"title": "MongoTemplate","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/0","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["java","mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 10,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:21.881Z")
}
{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc49"),"title": "MongoTemplate的基本使用","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/1","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["java","mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 0,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:22.201Z")
}
复制代码//修改全部符合条件的
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
update = Update.update("title", "MongoTemplate").set("visitCount", 10);
mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query, update, Article.class);
修改后结果如下,我们会发现所有数据的title还有visit_count被修改了
复制代码{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc48"),"title": "MongoTemplate","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/0","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["java","mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 10,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:21.881Z")
}
{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc49"),"title": "MongoTemplate","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/1","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["java","mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 10,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:22.201Z")
}
复制代码//特殊更新，更新author为jason的数据，如果没有author为jason的数据则以此条件创建一条新的数据
//当没有符合条件的文档，就以这个条件和更新文档为基础创建一个新的文档，如果找到匹配的文档就正常的更新。
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("jason"));
update = Update.update("title", "MongoTemplate").set("visitCount", 10);
mongoTemplate.upsert(query, update, Article.class);
修改后结果如下,我们会发现新增了一条数据
复制代码{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc48"),"title": "MongoTemplate","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/0","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["java","mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 10,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:21.881Z")
}
{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc49"),"title": "MongoTemplate","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/1","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["java","mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 10,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:22.201Z")
}
{"_id": ObjectId("57c6e1601e4735b2c306cdb7"),"author": "jason","title": "MongoTemplate","visit_count": 10
}
复制代码//更新条件不变，更新字段改成了一个我们集合中不存在的，用set方法如果更新的key不存在则创建一个新的key
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("jason"));
update = Update.update("title", "MongoTemplate").set("money", 100);
mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query, update, Article.class);
修改后结果如下,我们会发现新加了一个key
复制代码{"_id": ObjectId("57c6e1601e4735b2c306cdb7"),"author": "jason","title": "MongoTemplate","visit_count": 10,"money":100
}
复制代码//update的inc方法用于做累加操作，将money在之前的基础上加上100
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("jason"));
update = Update.update("title", "MongoTemplate").inc("money", 100);
mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query, update, Article.class);
修改后结果如下,我们会发现money变成200
复制代码{"_id": ObjectId("57c6e1601e4735b2c306cdb7"),"author": "jason","title": "MongoTemplate","visit_count": 10,"money":200
}
复制代码//update的rename方法用于修改key的名称
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("jason"));
update = Update.update("title", "MongoTemplate").rename("visitCount", "vc");
mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query, update, Article.class);
复制代码{"_id": ObjectId("57c6e1601e4735b2c306cdb7"),"author": "jason","title": "MongoTemplate","vc": 10,"money":200
}
复制代码//update的unset方法用于删除key
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("jason"));
update = Update.update("title", "MongoTemplate").unset("vc");
mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query, update, Article.class);
修改后结果如下,我们会发现vc这个key被删除了
复制代码{"_id": ObjectId("57c6e1601e4735b2c306cdb7"),"author": "jason","title": "MongoTemplate","money":200
}
复制代码//update的pull方法用于删除tags数组中的java
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
update = Update.update("title", "MongoTemplate").pull("tags", "java");
mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query, update, Article.class);
修改后结果如下,我们会发现tags里的java被删除了
复制代码{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc48"),"title": "MongoTemplate","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/0","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 10,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:21.881Z")
}
{"_id": ObjectId("57c43caed4c63d7e39b5dc49"),"title": "MongoTemplate","url": "http://cxytiandi.com/blog/detail/1","author": "yinjihuan","tags": ["mongodb","spring"],"visit_count": 10,"add_time": ISODate("2016-08-29T13:46:22.201Z")
}
查询操作
查询，无论是关系型数据库还是mongodb这种nosql，都是使用比较多的，大部分操作都是读的操作。 mongodb的查询方式很多种，下面只列了一些常用的，比如： 1.=查询 2.模糊查询 3.大于小于范围查询 4.in查询 5.or查询 6.查询一条，查询全部 7.自己慢慢学习…
根据作者查询所有符合条件的数据，返回List
复制代码Query query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
List<Article> articles = mongoTemplate.find(query, Article.class);
只查询符合条件的第一条数据，返回Article对象
复制代码query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
Article article = mongoTemplate.findOne(query, Article.class);
查询集合中所有数据，不加条件
复制代码articles = mongoTemplate.findAll(Article.class);
查询符合条件的数量
复制代码query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").is("yinjihuan"));
long count = mongoTemplate.count(query, Article.class);
根据主键ID查询
复制代码article = mongoTemplate.findById(new ObjectId("57c6e1601e4735b2c306cdb7"), Article.class);
in查询
复制代码List<String> authors = Arrays.asList("yinjihuan", "jason");
query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").in(authors));
articles = mongoTemplate.find(query, Article.class);
ne（!=）查询
复制代码query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").ne("yinjihuan"));
articles = mongoTemplate.find(query, Article.class);
lt(<)查询访问量小于10的文章
复制代码query = Query.query(Criteria.where("visitCount").lt(10));
articles = mongoTemplate.find(query, Article.class);
范围查询，大于5小于10
复制代码query = Query.query(Criteria.where("visitCount").gt(5).lt(10));
articles = mongoTemplate.find(query, Article.class);
模糊查询，author中包含a的数据
复制代码query = Query.query(Criteria.where("author").regex("a"));
articles = mongoTemplate.find(query, Article.class);
数组查询，查询tags里数量为3的数据
复制代码query = Query.query(Criteria.where("tags").size(3));
articles = mongoTemplate.find(query, Article.class);
or查询，查询author=jason的或者visitCount=0的数据
复制代码query = Query.query(Criteria.where("").orOperator(Criteria.where("author").is("jason"),Criteria.where("visitCount").is(0)));
articles = mongoTemplate.find(query, Article.class);
——一个变迁：N2N→N2V→HQ-SSL)
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