文章目录
- 第08章_面向对象编程(高级)拓展练习
- 01-关键字:static
- 1、银行账户类
- 2、图形类
- 3、数组工具类
- 4、二分查找
- 5、二分查找
- 6、素数
- 7、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 8、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 02-代码块
- 9、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 10、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 11、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 12、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 13、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 14、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 15、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 16、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 17、阅读代码,分析运行结果
- 03-关键字:final
- 18.代码阅读题
- 04-抽象类和抽象方法
- 19、numa、numb、numc输出
- 20、Woman类、Man类等
- 21、Chinese、American等
- 22、几何图形类
- 23、交通工具
- 05-接口
- 24、代码阅读题
- 25、代码阅读题
- 26、代码阅读题
- 27、FightAble接口
- 28、CompareAble接口
- 29、Filter接口
- 30、LiveAble接口
- 31、Runner、Swimming接口
- 32、A、B接口
- 33、Universe接口
- 34、Flyable、Swimming接口
- 35、Predicate接口
- 06-内部类
- 36、代码阅读题
- 37、代码阅读题
- 38、代码阅读题
- 39、继承Object匿名内部类
- 40、CompareAble接口匿名实现类
- 41、Filter接口匿名实现类
- 42、Thread、Runnable的匿名实现类
- 43、Selector、Touchable接口
- 44、Iterable接口实现类
- 07-枚举类
- 45、月份枚举类
- 46、颜色枚举类
- 47、拓展:颜色枚举类
- 48、月份枚举类
- 49、支付枚举类-1
- 50、支付枚举类-2
- 51、设备状态枚举类
- 08-注解
- 52、图形工具类
- 09-包装类
- 53、代码阅读题
- 54、代码阅读题
- 55、Employee、Programmer、Designer、Architect等类
第08章_面向对象编程(高级)拓展练习
01-关键字:static
1、银行账户类
(1)声明一个银行账户类Account
- 成员变量:利率、账号、余额,其中所有账户的利率是相同的,所有成员变量都私有化。
- 提供get/set
- 提供有参构造public Account(String id ,double balance)
- 提供计算年利息方法public double annualInterest(),余额*利率
- 重写toString方法,返回账号和余额、年利息
(2)在测试类的main中,创建账户类的两个对象,账号分别为“11111”和“22222”,余额分别为“1000和2000”元,利率初始值是0.035,调用方法测试。
public class Account {private static double rate;private String id;private double balance;public Account(String id, double balance) {this.id = id;this.balance = balance;}public static double getRate() {return rate;}public static void setRate(double rate) {Account.rate = rate;}public String getId() {return id;}public void setId(String id) {this.id = id;}public double getBalance() {return balance;}public void setBalance(double balance) {this.balance = balance;}public double annualInterest(){return balance * rate;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Account{" +"id='" + id + '\'' +", balance=" + balance +", 年利息 =" + annualInterest() +'}';}
}
public class Exercise1 {public static void main(String[] args) {Account a1 = new Account("11111",1000);Account a2 = new Account("22222",2000);Account.setRate(0.035);System.out.println(a1);System.out.println(a2);}
}
2、图形类
(1)声明一个图形父类Shape,包含
- public double area():返回0.0
- public double perimeter():返回0.0
- public String toString():返回“面积:xxx,周长:xxx”
(2)声明一个矩形Rectangle,继承Shape父类
- 属性:长和宽,私有化
- 提供get/set
- 提供无参构造和有参构造
- 重写area()和perimeter方法,
- 重写toString方法,返回“长:xx,宽:xx,面积:xxx,周长:xxx”
(3)声明一个三角形Triangle,继承Shape父类
- 属性:a,b,c分别代表三角形的三边,私有化
- 提供get/set
- 提供有参构造,public Triangle(double a, double b, double c),并验证a,b,c的值是否可以构成三角形,如果可以构成三角形再为a,b,c的属性赋值
- 重写area()和perimeter方法,
- 重写toString方法,返回“边长:xx,xx,xx,面积:xxx,周长:xxx”
(4)声明图形工具类ShapeTools
- 提供静态方法public static int compare(Shape s1, Shape s2)如果s1的面积大于、小于、等于s2的面积,分别返回正整数、符整数和0。
- 提供静态方法public static boolean equals(Shape s1, Shape s2)比较两个图形的面积和周长是否都相等
- 提供静态方法public static void sort(Shape[] arr)可以给所有图形按照面积从小到大排序,如果面积相同的按照周长从小到大排序
- 提供静态方法public static void print(Shape[] arr)可以遍历输出所有图形信息
(5)在测试类中:
- 创建两个矩形r1(2,3),r2(3,6),创建2个三角形t1(3,4,5),t2(6,6,6),
- 调用compare方法比较r1和t1,
- 调用equals方法比较r2和t2,
- 创建Shape数组中,把上面4个对象放到数组中,调用就sort方法排序,在排序前后调用print方法遍历显示信息
public class Shape {public double area(){return 0.0;}public double perimeter(){return 0.0;}public String toString(){return "面积:" + area() +",周长:" + perimeter();}
}
public class Rectangle extends Shape {private double length;private double width;public Rectangle() {}public Rectangle(double length, double width) {this.length = length;this.width = width;}public double getLength() {return length;}public void setLength(double length) {this.length = length;}public double getWidth() {return width;}public void setWidth(double width) {this.width = width;}@Overridepublic double area() {return length * width;}@Overridepublic double perimeter() {return 2 * (length + width);}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "长:" + length +", 宽" + width +"," + super.toString();}
}
public class Triangle extends Shape {private double a;private double b;private double c;public Triangle() {}public Triangle(double a, double b, double c) {if(a>0 && b> 0 && c>0 && a+b>c && b+c>a && a+c>b) {this.a = a;this.b = b;this.c = c;}}public double getA() {return a;}public void setA(double a) {this.a = a;}public double getB() {return b;}public void setB(double b) {this.b = b;}public double getC() {return c;}public void setC(double c) {this.c = c;}@Overridepublic double area() {double p = (a+b+c)/2;return Math.sqrt(p * (p-a) * (p-b) *(p-c));}@Overridepublic double perimeter() {return a+b+c;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "边长:" + a +"," + b +"," + c +"," + super.toString();}
}
public class ShapeTools {public static int compare(Shape s1, Shape s2){if(s1.area() > s2.area()){return 1;}else if(s1.area() < s2.area()){return -1;}return 0;}public static boolean equals(Shape s1, Shape s2){return s1.area() == s2.area() && s1.perimeter() == s2.perimeter();}public static void sort(Shape[] arr){for (int i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < arr.length-i; j++) {boolean flag = false;if(arr[j].area()>arr[j+1].area()){flag = true;}else if(arr[j].area() == arr[j+1].area()){if(arr[j].perimeter() > arr[j+1].perimeter()) {flag = true;}}if(flag){Shape temp = arr[j];arr[j] = arr[j+1];arr[j+1] = temp;}}}}public static void print(Shape[] arr){for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {System.out.println(arr[i]);}}
}
public class Exercise2 {public static void main(String[] args) {Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle(2,3);Rectangle r2 = new Rectangle(3,6);Triangle t1 = new Triangle(3,4,5);Triangle t2 = new Triangle(6,6,6);int result = ShapeTools.compare(r1,t1);if(result == 0){System.out.println("r1和t1的面积相等");}else if(result>0){System.out.println("r1的面积大于t1的面积");}else{System.out.println("r1的面积小于t1的面积");}System.out.println("r2和t2的面积和周长是否都相等?" + ShapeTools.equals(r2,t2));Shape[] arr = new Shape[4];arr[0] = r1;arr[1] = r2;arr[2] = t1;arr[3] = t2;System.out.println("排序前:");ShapeTools.print(arr);ShapeTools.sort(arr);System.out.println("排序后:");ShapeTools.print(arr);}
}
3、数组工具类
声明一个数组工具类ArrayTools,包含如下方法:
- public static int binarySearch(int[] arr, int value):使用二分查找法在arr数组中查找value的下标,如果value不存在,就返回-1,如果数组arr不是有序的,结果将不一定正确。
- public static int[] copyOf(int[] arr,int newLength):实现复制一个newLength长的数组,如果newLength<=arr.length,则新数组复制arr数组的[0, newLength-1]的元素,如果newLength>arr.length,则新数组前面[0, arr.length-1]的元素从arr数组复制,后面的元素保持默认值。
- public static void sort(int[] arr):可以给arr数组从小到大排序,用冒泡排序实现。
- public static String toString(int[] arr):将元素拼接为"{元素1,元素2,…}"的字符串返回。
在测试类的main方法中
- 随机产生10个[0,100)的元素然后遍历显示
- 从小到大排序后显示
- 从键盘输入一个整数,查找它是否在排序后的数组中,如果存在就显示下标,如果不存在就提示不存在
- 复制3个数组,新数组的长度分别为5,10,15,并遍历显示新数组
public class ArrayTools {public static int binarySearch(int[] arr, int value){for(int left=0,right=arr.length-1; left<=right;){int mid = left + (right-left)/2;if(value == arr[mid]){return mid;}else if(value < arr[mid]){right = mid -1;}else{left = mid + 1;}}return -1;}public static int[] copyOf(int[] arr, int newLength){int[] newArr = new int[newLength];for (int i = 0; i < newArr.length && i < arr.length; i++) {newArr[i] = arr[i];}return newArr;}public static void sort(int[] arr){for (int i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < arr.length-i; j++) {if(arr[j] > arr[j+1]){int temp = arr[j];arr[j] = arr[j+1];arr[j+1] = temp;}}}}public static String toString(int[] arr){String result = "[";for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {if(i==0){result += arr[i];}else{result += "," + arr[i];}}result +="]";return result;}}
public class Exercise3 {public static void main(String[] args) {int[] arr = new int[10];for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {arr[i] = (int)(Math.random()*100);}System.out.println(ArrayTools.toString(arr));ArrayTools.sort(arr);System.out.println(ArrayTools.toString(arr));Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.print("请输入一个[0,100)范围的整数:");int num = input.nextInt();input.close();int index = ArrayTools.binarySearch(arr, num);if(index==-1){System.out.println(num +"在arr中不存在");}else{System.out.println(num +"在arr的下标是:" + index);}int[] fiveElements = ArrayTools.copyOf(arr, 5);System.out.println(ArrayTools.toString(fiveElements));int[] tenElements = ArrayTools.copyOf(arr, 10);System.out.println(ArrayTools.toString(tenElements));int[] fifteenElements = ArrayTools.copyOf(arr, 15);System.out.println(ArrayTools.toString(fifteenElements));}
}
4、二分查找
public class Exercise4 {public static int binarySearch(int[] intsArray, int des) {int left = 0;int right = intsArray.length - 1;while (left <= right) {int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;if (intsArray[mid] == des) {return mid;} else if (des > intsArray[mid]) {left = mid + 1;} else {right = mid - 1;}}return -1;}
}
5、二分查找
public class Exercise5 {public static int binarySearch(String[] intsArray, String des) {int left = 0;int right = intsArray.length-1;while(left<=right) {int mid = left + (right - left)/2;if(intsArray[mid].equals(des)) {return mid;}else if(des.compareTo(intsArray[mid])>0){//字符串比较大小的方法left = mid+1;}else {right=mid-1;}}return -1;}
}
6、素数
public class Exercise6 {public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {System.out.println(Arrays.toString(suShu(10)));}public static int[] suShu(int n){int[] arr = new int[n];int index=0;for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {boolean flag = true;for (int j = 2; j < i; j++) {if(i%j==0) {flag=false;break;}}if(flag) {arr[index++] = i;}}return Arrays.copyOf(arr, index);}
}
7、阅读代码,分析运行结果
public class Exercise7 {static int x, y, z;static {int x = 5;x--;}static {x--;}public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println("x=" + x);z--;method();System.out.println("result:" + (z + y + ++z));}public static void method() {y = z++ + ++z;}
}
8、阅读代码,分析运行结果
public class Exercise8 {public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println(new SDText().x+","+new SDText().y+","+new SDText().x);}
}
class SDText{static SDText sd=new SDText();static int x=3;static int y;public SDText(){x++;y++;}
}
02-代码块
9、阅读代码,分析运行结果
public class T {public static int k = 0;public static T t1 = new T("t1");public static T t2 = new T("t2");public static int i = print("i");public static int n = 99;public int j = print("j");{print("构造块");}static{print("静态块");}public T(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n);++n;++i;}public static int print(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n);++n;return ++i;}public static void main(String[] args) {}
}
/** 对于T来说,就完成类初始化* * 创建对象,调用类的实例初始化<init>()或<init>(String str)* * (1)静态变量的显式赋值* k = 0;t1 = new T("t1");<init>(String str)①j = print("j");print方法代码如下:public static int print(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n); 1:j i=0 n=0++n; n=1 k=1return ++i; i=1}② {print("构造块");print方法代码如下:public static int print(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n); 2:构造块 i=1 n=1++n; n=2 k=2return ++i; i=2}}③public T(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n); 3:t1 i=2 n=2 ++n; n=3 k=3++i; i=3}* t2 = new T("t2");<init>(String str)①j = print("j");print方法代码如下:public static int print(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n); 4:j i=3 n=3++n; n=4 k=4return ++i; i=4}② {print("构造块");print方法代码如下:public static int print(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n); 5:构造块 i=4 n=4++n; n=5 k=5return ++i; i=5}}③public T(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n); 6:t2 i=5 n=5 ++n; n=6 k=6++i; i=6}i = print("i");print方法代码如下:public static int print(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n); 7:i i=6 n=6++n; n=7 k=7return ++i; i=7}n = 99;* (2)静态代码块* static{print("静态块");print方法代码如下:public static int print(String str){System.out.println((++k) + ":" + str + " i=" + i + " n=" + n); 8:静态块 i=7 n=99++n; n=100 k=8return ++i; i=8}}*/
10、阅读代码,分析运行结果
考核点:类初始化,局部变量与类变量,自增自减
public class Exercise10 {static int x, y, z;static {int x = 5;x--;}static {x--;}public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println("x=" + x);z--;method();System.out.println("result:" + (z + y + ++z));}public static void method() {y = z++ + ++z;}
}
11、阅读代码,分析运行结果
考核点:类初始化与实例初始化
class HelloA{public HelloA(){System.out.println("HelloA");}{System.out.println("I'm A Class");}static{System.out.println("static A");}
}public class HelloB extends HelloA{public HelloB(){System.out.println("HelloB");}{System.out.println("I'm B Class");}static{System.out.println("static B");}public static void main(String[] args) {new HelloB();}
}
12、阅读代码,分析运行结果
知识点:实例初始化
class HelloA{public HelloA(){System.out.println("HelloA");}{System.out.println("I'm A Class");}
}class HelloB extends HelloA{public HelloB(){System.out.println("HelloB");}{System.out.println("I'm B Class");}
}
public class Exercise12{public static void main(String[] args) {new HelloB();}
}
/** 创建对象是通过执行实例初始化方法来完成的。* 如果new后面跟无参构造,就说明调用无参的实例初始化方法<init>(),* 如果new后面跟有参构造,就说明调用有参的实例初始化方法<init>(形参列表)。* 编译器编译后类中没有构造器,而是编译为一个个的实例初始化方法。* 实例初始化由:* (1)非静态成员变量的显式赋值代码* (2)非静态代码块代码* (3)构造器代码* 其中(1)(2)按编写顺序,(3)在最后* 在子类实例初始化首行会有super()或super(实参列表)表示调用父类的实例初始化方法,* 如果没写super()或super(实参列表),那么默认就是super(),因此:* (1)先执行父类实例初始化* <init>(){* System.out.println("I'm A Class");* System.out.println("HelloA");* }* (2)再执行子类实例初始化* <init>(){* System.out.println("I'm B Class");* System.out.println("HelloB");* }*/
13、阅读代码,分析运行结果
知识点:实例初始化
public class Exercise13 {public static void main(String[] args) {Sub s = new Sub();}
}
class Base{Base(){method(100);}{System.out.println("base");}public void method(int i){System.out.println("base : " + i);}
}
class Sub extends Base{Sub(){super.method(70);}{System.out.println("sub");}public void method(int j){System.out.println("sub : " + j);}
}
/** 创建对象是通过执行实例初始化方法来完成的。* 如果new后面跟无参构造,就说明调用无参的实例初始化方法<init>(),* 如果new后面跟有参构造,就说明调用有参的实例初始化方法<init>(形参列表)。* 编译器编译后类中没有构造器,而是编译为一个个的实例初始化方法。* 实例初始化由:* (1)非静态成员变量的显式赋值代码* (2)非静态代码块代码* (3)构造器代码* 其中(1)(2)按编写顺序,(3)在最后* 在子类实例初始化首行会有super()或super(实参列表)表示调用父类的实例初始化方法,* 如果没写super()或super(实参列表),那么默认就是super(),因此:* 1、执行父类的实例初始化方法* <ini>(){* System.out.println("base");* method(100); //因为此时在创建子类的对象过程中,所以这个method(100)方法是* 子类对象再调用,那么又因为子类重写了method(int)方法,* 所以执行子类的method(int)* 即System.out.println("sub : " + j);* }* * 2、执行子类的实例初始化方法* <init>(){* System.out.println("sub");* super.method(70);//因为这里用super.,那么一定是调用父类的method(int)* 即System.out.println("base : " + i);* }*/
14、阅读代码,分析运行结果
public class Exercise14 {public static void main(String[] args) {Son son = new Son();}
}
class Father{static{System.out.println("(1)父类的静态代码块");}{System.out.println("(2)父类的非静态代码块");}Father(){System.out.println("(3)父类的无参构造");}
}
class Son extends Father{static{System.out.println("(4)子类的静态代码块");}{System.out.println("(5)子类的非静态代码块");}Son(){System.out.println("(6)子类的无参构造");}
}
/** (1)Father类的类初始化* ①类变量显式赋值:这里没有* ②静态代码块* System.out.println("(1)父类的静态代码块");* (2)Son类的类初始化* ①类变量显式赋值:这里没有* ②静态代码块* System.out.println("(4)子类的静态代码块");* * (3)执行Father类的是实参初始化方法<init>()* ①非静态成员变量的显式赋值:这里没有* ②非静态代码块:* System.out.println("(2)父类的非静态代码块");* ③父类的无参构造* System.out.println("(3)父类的无参构造");* * (4)执行Son类的实例初始化方法<init>()* ①非静态成员变量的显式赋值:这里没有* ②非静态代码块:* System.out.println("(5)子类的非静态代码块");* ③子类的无参构造* System.out.println("(6)子类的无参构造");*/
15、阅读代码,分析运行结果
public class Exercise15 {public static void main(String[] args) {Zi zi = new Zi();}
}
class Fu{private static int i = getNum("(1)i");private int j = getNum("(2)j");static{print("(3)父类静态代码块");}{print("(4)父类非静态代码块,又称为构造代码块");}Fu(){print("(5)父类构造器");}public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + i);}public static int getNum(String str){print(str);return ++i;}
}
class Zi extends Fu{private static int k = getNum("(6)k");private int h = getNum("(7)h");static{print("(8)子类静态代码块");}{print("(9)子类非静态代码块,又称为构造代码块");}Zi(){print("(10)子类构造器");}public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + k);}public static int getNum(String str){print(str);return ++k;}
}
/** (1)Fu类的类初始化* ①类变量显式赋值:* i = getNum("(1)i");* public static int getNum(String str){print(str);print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + i); (1)i -> 0(默认值)}return ++i; i=1}* ②静态代码块* static{print("(3)父类静态代码块");print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + i); (3)父类静态代码块 -> 1}}* (2)Zi类的类初始化* ①类变量显式赋值:* k = getNum("(6)k");* public static int getNum(String str){print(str);print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + k); (6)k -> 0(默认值)}return ++k; k=1}* ②静态代码块* static{print("(8)子类静态代码块");print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + k); (8)子类静态代码块 -> 1}} * * (3)执行Fu类的是实参初始化方法<init>()* ①非静态成员变量的显式赋值:* j = getNum("(2)j");* public static int getNum(String str){print(str);print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + i); (2)j -> 1}return ++i; i=2}* ②非静态代码块:* {print("(4)父类非静态代码块,又称为构造代码块");print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + i); (4)父类非静态代码块,又称为构造代码块 -> 2}} * ③父类的无参构造* Fu(){print("(5)父类构造器");print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + i); (5)父类构造器 -> 2}} * * (4)执行Zi类的实例初始化方法<init>()* ①非静态成员变量的显式赋值:* h = getNum("(7)h");public static int getNum(String str){print(str);print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + k); (7)h ->1}return ++k; k=2}* * ②非静态代码块:* {print("(9)子类非静态代码块,又称为构造代码块");print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + k); (9)子类非静态代码块,又称为构造代码块 ->2}} * ③子类的无参构造* Zi(){print("(10)子类构造器");print方法代码如下:public static void print(String str){System.out.println(str + "->" + k); (10)子类构造器 ->2}} */
16、阅读代码,分析运行结果
public class Exercise16{public static void main(String[] args){Son s1 = new Son();//找到就是Son类的<init>()}
}
class Father{private int a = getNumber();{System.out.println("Father非静态代码块 a = " + a);}Father(){System.out.println("Father()无参构造");}public int getNumber(){System.out.println("Father:getNumber()");return 1;}
}
class Son extends Father{{System.out.println("Son非静态代码");}public Son(){System.out.println("Son():无参构造");}public int getNumber(){System.out.println("Son:getNumber()");return 2;}
}
/*
class Father{private int a;<init>(){//super();//这里可以忽略它,因为Father类的父类是Object,它没有输出语句,不用管它a = getNumber();System.out.println("Father非静态代码块 a = " + a);System.out.println("Father()无参构造");}public int getNumber(){System.out.println("Father:getNumber()");return 1;}
}class Son extends Father{<init>(){super();//它代表Father类<init>()System.out.println("Son非静态代码");System.out.println("Son():无参构造");}public int getNumber(){System.out.println("Son:getNumber()");return 2;}
}代码最终执行:a = getNumber(); //因为我们现在在newSon类的对象,所以对象的运行时是Son类,//而getNumber是虚方法,所以要看子类重写后的getNumberSystem.out.println("Son:getNumber()");return 2;System.out.println("Father非静态代码块 a = " + a);System.out.println("Father()无参构造");System.out.println("Son非静态代码");System.out.println("Son():无参构造");*/
17、阅读代码,分析运行结果
public class Exercise17 {public static void main(String[] args) {Sub s = new Sub();}
}
class Base{Base(){this.method(100);}{System.out.println("base");}public void method(int i){System.out.println("base : " + i);}
}
class Sub extends Base{Sub(){super.method(70);}{System.out.println("sub");}public void method(int j){//是重写,虽然参数名不一样,但是参数的类型和个数一样,方法名也一样是重写System.out.println("sub : " + j);}
}
/*
先对类进行组装分析:
class Base{<init>() {//super(); 本题中可以忽略System.out.println("base");this.method(100);}public void method(int i){System.out.println("base : " + i);}
}class Sub extends Base{<init>(){super();//这句话,要时刻记得它System.out.println("sub");super.method(70);}public void method(int j){System.out.println("sub : " + j);}
}执行的代码是:System.out.println("base");this.method(100);//method是虚方法,我们现在在newSub类对象,所以执行重写的methodSystem.out.println("sub : " + j);System.out.println("sub");super.method(70); //method虽然是虚方法,但是这里有明确说执行父类被重写的method,因为前面有super.System.out.println("base : " + i);*/
03-关键字:final
18.代码阅读题
public class Exercise18 {public static void main(String[] args) {Other o = new Other();new TestOther().addOne(o);/*(1)new TestOther():匿名对象,作用是为了调用addOne方法。(2)上面的实参o,把Other对象的地址值,传给了下面的addOne方法的形参o(3)下面的addOne方法的形参o,前面有一个final修饰,这个final在这里的意思是,形参o不能够指向新的对象,这就意味着,形参和实参此时一定是指向同一个对象。(4)如果形参和实参指向同一个对象,那么形参对象属性值的修改,其实就是实参对象属性值的修改*/System.out.println(o.i);//1}public void addOne(final Other o){
// o = new Other();//错误,o不能重新赋值o.i++;}
}
class Other{public int i; //如果i前面有final,才是表示i的值不能被修改
}
04-抽象类和抽象方法
19、numa、numb、numc输出
编写代码,效果如图所示:
编写步骤:
- 定义抽象类A,抽象类B继承A,普通类C继承B
- A类中,定义成员变量numa,赋值为10,抽象showA方法。
- B类中,定义成员变量numb,赋值为20,抽象showB方法。
- C类中,定义成员变量numc,赋值为30,重写showA方法,打印numa,重写showB方法,打印numb,定义showC方法,打印numc。
- 测试类Exercise19中,创建C对象,调用showA方法,showB方法,showC方法。
public class Exercise19 {public static void main(String[] args) {C c = new C();c.showA();c.showB();c.showC();}
}
abstract class A{protected int numa = 10;public abstract void showA();
}
abstract class B extends A{protected int numb = 20;public abstract void showB();
}
class C extends B{private int numc = 30;@Overridepublic void showB() {System.out.println("B类中numb:" + numb);}@Overridepublic void showA() {System.out.println("A类中numa:" + numa);}public void showC(){System.out.println("C类中numc:" + numc);}
}
20、Woman类、Man类等
案例:
1、声明抽象父类Person,包含抽象方法public abstract void coiffure();
2、声明子类Woman,重写抽象方法,打印留短发
3、声明子类Man,重写抽象方法,打印留长发
4、声明测试类Exercise20,创建Person数组,存放Woman和Man对象,并遍历数组,调用coiffure()方法
public abstract class Person {public abstract void coiffure();
}
public class Man extends Person{@Overridepublic void coiffure() {System.out.println("男人留短发");}
}
public class Woman extends Person{@Overridepublic void coiffure() {System.out.println("女人留长发");}
}
public class Exercise20 {public static void main(String[] args) {Person[] all = new Person[2];all[0] = new Woman();all[1] = new Man();for (int i = 0; i < all.length; i++) {all[i].coiffure();}}
}
21、Chinese、American等
案例:
1、声明抽象父类Person,包含抽象方法public abstract void eat();
2、声明子类中国人Chinese,重写抽象方法,打印用筷子吃饭
3、声明子类美国人American,重写抽象方法,打印用刀叉吃饭
4、声明子类印度人Indian,重写抽象方法,打印用手抓饭
5、声明测试类Test11,创建Person数组,存储各国人对象,并遍历数组,调用eat()方法
public class Exercise21 {public static void main(String[] args) {Person[] all = new Person[3];all[0] = new Chinese();all[1] = new American();all[2] = new Indian();for (int i = 0; i < all.length; i++) {all[i].eat();}}
}
abstract class Person{public abstract void eat();
}
class Chinese extends Person{@Overridepublic void eat() {System.out.println("中国人用筷子吃饭");}}
class American extends Person{@Overridepublic void eat() {System.out.println("美国人用刀叉吃饭");}}
class Indian extends Person{@Overridepublic void eat() {System.out.println("印度人用手抓饭");}}
22、几何图形类
(1)声明一个抽象图形父类Shape,包含
- public abstract double area()
- public abstract double perimeter()
- public String toString():返回“面积:xxx,周长:xxx”
(2)声明一个矩形Rectangle,继承Shape父类
- 属性:长和宽,私有化
- 提供get/set
- 提供无参构造和有参构造
- 重写area()和perimeter方法,
- 重写toString方法,返回“长:xx,宽:xx,面积:xxx,周长:xxx”
(3)声明一个三角形Triangle,继承Shape父类
- 属性:a,b,c分别代表三角形的三边,私有化
- 提供get/set
- 提供有参构造,public Triangle(double a, double b, double c),并验证a,b,c的值是否可以构成三角形,如果可以构成三角形再为a,b,c的属性赋值
- 重写area()和perimeter方法,
- 重写toString方法,返回“边长:xx,xx,xx,面积:xxx,周长:xxx”
(4)在测试类中:
- 创建两个矩形(2,3)、(3,6),创建2个三角形(3,4,5)、(6,6,6)
- 创建Shape数组中,把上面4个对象放到数组中,遍历显示信息
public abstract class Shape {public abstract double area();public abstract double perimeter();public String toString(){return "面积:" + area() +",周长:" + perimeter();}
}
public class Rectangle extends Shape {private double length;private double width;public Rectangle() {}public Rectangle(double length, double width) {this.length = length;this.width = width;}public double getLength() {return length;}public void setLength(double length) {this.length = length;}public double getWidth() {return width;}public void setWidth(double width) {this.width = width;}@Overridepublic double area() {return length * width;}@Overridepublic double perimeter() {return 2 * (length + width);}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "长:" + length +", 宽" + width +"," + super.toString();}
}
public class Triangle extends Shape {private double a;private double b;private double c;public Triangle() {}public Triangle(double a, double b, double c) {if(a>0 && b> 0 && c>0 && a+b>c && b+c>a && a+c>b) {this.a = a;this.b = b;this.c = c;}}public double getA() {return a;}public void setA(double a) {this.a = a;}public double getB() {return b;}public void setB(double b) {this.b = b;}public double getC() {return c;}public void setC(double c) {this.c = c;}@Overridepublic double area() {double p = (a+b+c)/2;return Math.sqrt(p * (p-a) * (p-b) *(p-c));}@Overridepublic double perimeter() {return a+b+c;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "边长:" + a +"," + b +"," + c +"," + super.toString();}
}
public class Exercise22 {public static void main(String[] args) {Shape[] arr = new Shape[4];arr[0] = new Rectangle(2,3);arr[1] = new Rectangle(3,6);arr[2] = new Triangle(3,4,5);arr[3] = new Triangle(6,6,6);for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {System.out.println(arr[i]);}}
}
23、交通工具
(1)声明抽象类Vehicle交通工具
- 包含私有的int类型的属性wheels,代表轮子的数量
- 包含有参构造Vehicle(int wheels)
- 包含抽象方法public abstract void drive()
- 重写toString():返回轮子的数量
(2)声明子类Monocycle单轮车
- 重写抽象方法drive,输出“脚踏独轮车,摇摇摆摆往前走”
(3)声明子类Bicycle自行车
- 重写抽象方法drive,输出“脚踏双轮自行车,优哉游哉往前走”
(4)声明子类Tricycle三轮车
- 重写抽象方法drive,输出“脚踏三轮车,稳稳当当往前走“
(5)测试类
- 创建几个交通工具的对象,打印对象并调用drive方法
/*
(1)声明抽象类Vehicle交通工具- 包含int类型的wheels代表轮子的数量
- 包含有参构造Vehicle(int wheels)
- 包含抽象方法public abstract void drive()*/
public abstract class Vehicle {private int wheels;public Vehicle(int wheels) {this.wheels = wheels;}public int getWheels() {return wheels;}public void setWheels(int wheels) {this.wheels = wheels;}public abstract void drive();@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Vehicle{" +"wheels=" + wheels +'}';}
}
public class Monocycle extends Vehicle {public Monocycle(int wheels) {super(wheels);}@Overridepublic void drive() {System.out.println("脚踏独轮车,摇摇摆摆往前走");}
}
public class Bicycle extends Vehicle {public Bicycle(int wheels) {super(wheels);}@Overridepublic void drive() {System.out.println("脚踏双轮自行车,优哉游哉往前走");}
}
public class Tricycle extends Vehicle {public Tricycle(int wheels) {super(wheels);}@Overridepublic void drive() {System.out.println("脚踏三轮车,稳稳当当往前走");}
}
public class Exercise23 {public static void main(String[] args) {Vehicle[] arr = new Vehicle[3];arr[0] = new Monocycle(1);arr[1] = new Bicycle(2);arr[2] = new Tricycle(3);for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {System.out.println(arr[i]);arr[i].drive();}}
}
05-接口
24、代码阅读题
interface A{int x = 0;
}
class B{int x = 1;
}
class C extends B implements A{public void printX(){System.out.println(x);}public static void main(String[] args) {new C().printX();}
}
//编译不通过,因为在C类中x有歧义。
interface A{int x = 0;
}
class B{int x = 1;
}
class C extends B implements A{public void printX(){
// System.out.println(x);//有歧义,要么写super.x,要么下A.x}public static void main(String[] args) {new C().printX();}
}
25、代码阅读题
interface A {int x = 0;
}
class B {int x = 1;
}
class C extends B implements A {public void pX() {System.out.println(x);}public static void main(String[] args) {new C().pX();}
}
26、代码阅读题
interface Playable {void play();
}interface Bounceable {void play();
}interface Rollable extends Playable, Bounceable {Ball ball = new Ball("PingPang");}class Ball implements Rollable {private String name;public String getName() {return name;}public Ball(String name) {this.name = name;}public void play() {ball = new Ball("Football");System.out.println(ball.getName());}
}
27、FightAble接口
- 模拟玩家选择角色。
- 定义接口FightAble:
- 抽象方法:specialFight。
- 默认方法:commonFight,方法中打印"普通打击"。
- 定义战士类:
- 实现FightAble接口,重写方法中打印"武器攻击"。
- 定义法师类Mage:
- 实现FightAble接口,重写方法中打印"法术攻击"。
- 定义玩家类Player:
- 静态方法:FightAble select(String str),根据指令选择角色。
- 法力角色,选择法师。
- 武力角色,选择战士。
- 静态方法:FightAble select(String str),根据指令选择角色。
- 代码实现,效果如图所示:
public class Exercise27 {public static void main(String[] args) {Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.print("选择:");String role1 = input.next();FightAble f1 = Player.select(role1);f1.specialFight();f1.commonFight();System.out.println("====================");System.out.print("选择:");String role2 = input.next();FightAble f2 = Player.select(role2);f2.specialFight();f2.commonFight();input.close();}
}
interface FightAble{void specialFight();default void commonFight(){System.out.println("普通攻击");}
}
class Soldier implements FightAble{@Overridepublic void specialFight() {System.out.println("武器攻击");}}
class Mage implements FightAble{@Overridepublic void specialFight() {System.out.println("法术攻击");}}
class Player{public static FightAble select(String str){if("法力角色".equals(str)){return new Mage();}else if("武力角色".equals(str)){return new Soldier();}return null;}}
28、CompareAble接口
- 模拟工人挑苹果。
- 定义苹果类:
- 属性:大小,颜色。
- 提供基本的构造方法和get方法,set方法
- 定义接口CompareAble:
- 定义默认方法compare,挑选较大苹果。
- 定义接口实现类CompareBig。
- 定义接口实现类CompareColor。挑选红色苹果。
- 定义工人类:
- 成员方法:挑选苹果public void pickApple(CompareAble c,Apple a1,Apple a2)。
- 测试类:
- 创建Worker对象。
- 创建两个Apple对象,一个Apple(5,“青色”),一个Apple(3,“红色”)
- 代码实现,效果如图所示:
public class Exercise28 {public static void main(String[] args) {Worker w = new Worker();Apple a1 = new Apple(5, "青色");Apple a2 = new Apple(3, "红色");w.pickApple(new CompareBig(), a1, a2);w.pickApple(new CompareColor(), a1, a2);}
}
class Apple{private double size;private String color;public Apple(double size, String color) {super();this.size = size;this.color = color;}public Apple() {super();}public double getSize() {return size;}public void setSize(double size) {this.size = size;}public String getColor() {return color;}public void setColor(String color) {this.color = color;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return size + "-" + color;}}
interface CompareAble{default void compare(Apple a1,Apple a2){System.out.println("默认挑大的:");if(a1.getSize() > a2.getSize()){System.out.println(a1);}else{System.out.println(a2);}}
}
class CompareBig implements CompareAble{}
class CompareColor implements CompareAble{@Overridepublic void compare(Apple a1, Apple a2) {System.out.println("挑红的:");if("红色".equals(a1.getColor())){System.out.println(a1);}if("红色".equals(a2.getColor())){System.out.println(a2);}}}
class Worker{public void pickApple(CompareAble c,Apple a1,Apple a2){c.compare(a1, a2);}
}
29、Filter接口
- 模拟接待员接待用户,根据用户id,给用户分组。
- 定义用户类:
- 属性:用户类型,用户id
- 提供基本的构造方法和get方法,set方法
- 定义接口Filter:
- 提供抽象方法filterUser(User u)
- 定义实现类V1Filter,实现抽象方法,将用户设置为v1
- 定义实现类V2Filter,实现抽象方法,将用户设置为v2
- 定义实现类AFilter,实现抽象方法,将用户设置为A
- 定义接待员类Receptionist:
- 属性:接口Filter
- 提供基本的构造方法和get方法,set方法
- 成员方法:接待用户方法,设置用户类型。
- 测试类:
- 初始化15个User对象,id为1-15。
- 创建三个接待员对象。
- 第一个接待员,设置接待规则,将1-5号用户类型设置为v1。
- 第二个接待员,设置接待规则,将6-10号用户类型设置为v2。
- 第三个接待员,设置接待规则,将11-15号用户类型设置为A。
- 遍历数组,给用户分区。
- 代码实现,效果如图所示:
class Exercise29 {public static void main(String[] args) {User[] all = new User[15];for (int i = 0; i < all.length; i++) {all[i] = new User(null,i+1);}V1Filter v1F = new V1Filter();V2Filter v2F = new V2Filter();AFilter aF = new AFilter();Receptionist r1 = new Receptionist(v1F);for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {r1.recept(all[i]);}Receptionist r2 = new Receptionist(v2F);for (int i = 5; i < 10; i++) {r2.recept(all[i]);}Receptionist r3 = new Receptionist(aF);for (int i = 10; i < 15; i++) {r3.recept(all[i]);}for (int i = 0; i < all.length; i++) {System.out.println(all[i]);}}
}
class User{private String type;private int id;public User(String type, int id) {super();this.type = type;this.id = id;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String type) {this.type = type;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return id + "-" + type;}
}
interface Filter{void filterUser(User u);
}class V1Filter implements Filter{@Overridepublic void filterUser(User u) {u.setType("v1");}}
class V2Filter implements Filter{@Overridepublic void filterUser(User u) {u.setType("v2");}}
class AFilter implements Filter{@Overridepublic void filterUser(User u) {u.setType("A");}}class Receptionist{private Filter filter;public Receptionist(Filter filter) {super();this.filter = filter;}public Filter getFilter() {return filter;}public void setFilter(Filter filter) {this.filter = filter;}public void recept(User u){if(u.getType() != null){return ;}filter.filterUser(u);}
}
30、LiveAble接口
1、声明一个LiveAble接口
- 包含两个抽象方法:
- void eat();
- void breathe();
- 包含默认方法 default void sleep(),实现为打印“静止不动”
- 包含静态方法 static void drink(),实现为“喝水”
2、声明动物Animal类,实现LiveAble接口。
- void eat();实现为“吃东西”,
- void breathe();实现为"吸入氧气呼出二氧化碳"
- void sleep()重写为”躺下闭上眼睛睡觉"
3、声明植物Plant类,实现LiveAble接口。
- void eat();实现为“吸收营养”
- void breathe();实现为"吸入二氧化碳呼出氧气"
4、在测试类中,分别创建两个实现类的对象,调用对应的方法。通过接口名调用静态方法
public interface LiveAble {// 定义抽象方法void eat();void breathe();//定义默认方法default void sleep(){System.out.println("静止不动");}//定义静态方法static void drink(){System.out.println("喝水");}
}
public class Animal implements LiveAble {//重写/实现接口的抽象方法@Overridepublic void eat() {System.out.println("吃东西");}//重写/实现接口的抽象方法@Overridepublic void breathe(){System.out.println("吸入氧气呼出二氧化碳");}//重写接口的默认方法@Overridepublic void sleep() {System.out.println("躺下闭上眼睛睡觉");}
}
public class Plant implements LiveAble {//重写/实现接口的抽象方法@Overridepublic void eat() {System.out.println("吸收营养");}//重写/实现接口的抽象方法@Overridepublic void breathe(){System.out.println("吸入二氧化碳呼出氧气");}
}
public class Exercise30 {public static void main(String[] args) {// 创建实现类(子类)对象Animal a = new Animal();// 调用实现后的方法a.eat();a.sleep();a.breathe();//创建实现类(子类)对象Plant p = new Plant();p.eat();p.sleep();p.breathe();//通过接口调用静态方法LiveAble.drink();}
}
31、Runner、Swimming接口
(1)声明第一个接口Runner,包含抽象方法:void run()
(2)声明第二个接口Swimming,包含抽象方法:void swim()
(3)声明兔子类,实现Runner接口,
- 重写run(),实现为“兔子跑的快”
(4)声明乌龟类
-
实现Runner接口,重写run(),实现为“乌龟跑的快”
-
实现Swimming接口,重写swim()方法,实现为“乌龟游的快”
(5)测试类中创建兔子和乌龟类的对象,并调用相应方法
public interface Runner{void run();
}
public interface Swimming {void swim();
}
public class Rabbit implements Runner {@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println("兔子跑得快");}
}
public class Tortoise implements Runner,Swimming{@Overridepublic void swim() {System.out.println("乌龟游得快");}@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println("乌龟跑的慢");}}
public class Exercise31 {public static void main(String[] args) {Rabbit r = new Rabbit();r.run();Tortoise t = new Tortoise();t.run();t.swim();}
}
32、A、B接口
- 编写代码,效果如图所示:
- 编写步骤:
- 定义接口A,普通类B实现接口A
- A接口中,定义抽象方法showA。
- A接口中,定义默认方法showB。
- B类中,重写showA方法
- 测试类中,创建B类对象,调用showA方法,showB方法。
public class Exercise32 {public static void main(String[] args) {B b = new B();b.showA();b.showB();}
}
interface A{void showA();default void showB(){System.out.println("BBB");}
}
class B implements A{@Overridepublic void showA() {System.out.println("AAA");}}
33、Universe接口
- 编写代码,效果如图所示:
- 编写步骤
-
定义接口Universe,提供抽象方法doAnything。
-
定义普通类Star,提供成员发光shine方法,打印“star:星星一闪一闪亮晶晶"
-
定义普通类Sun,
继承Star类,重写shine方法,打印"sun:光照八分钟,到达地球"
实现Universe接口,实现doAnything,打印"sun:太阳吸引着9大行星旋转"
-
测试类中,创建Star对象,调用shine方法
-
测试类中,多态的方式创建Sun对象,调用doAnything方法,向下转型,调用shine方法。
public class Exercise33 {public static void main(String[] args) {Star s = new Star();s.shine();System.out.println("======================");Universe u = new Sun();u.doAnything();Star sun = (Star) u;sun.shine();}
}
interface Universe{void doAnything();
}
class Star{public void shine(){System.out.println("star:星星一闪一闪亮晶晶");}
}
class Sun extends Star implements Universe{@Overridepublic void shine(){System.out.println("sun:光照8分钟到达地球");}@Overridepublic void doAnything() {System.out.println("sun:太阳吸引着9大行星旋转");}}
34、Flyable、Swimming接口
(1)声明Flyable接口
- 包含抽象方法void fly()方法
(2)声明Swimming接口
- 包含抽象方法void swim()方法
(3)声明类Bird
- 声明抽象方法:public abstract void eat()
(4)声明子类Penguin企鹅
- 继承Bird类,重写eat方法,输出"企鹅吃南极磷虾"
- 实现Swimming接口,重写swim()方法,输出“企鹅下海捉虾”
(5)声明子类Swan天鹅
- 继承Bird类,重写eat方法,输出“天鹅吃水生植物的根茎和种子、水生昆虫、螺类和小鱼”
- 实现Flyable接口,重写fly方法,输出“天鹅展翅高飞,天南海北任我游”
- 实现Swimming接口,重写swim()方法,输出“天鹅把羽毛洗的锃亮,顺便捉条鱼”
(6)声明子类Chicken鸡
- 继承Bird类,重写eat方法,输出“鸡吃谷子”
- 实现Flyable接口,重写fly方法,输出“鸡上房揭瓦,满院子乱扑腾"
(7)测试类
- 创建Bird数组,并且把Penguin企鹅、Swan天鹅、Chicken鸡的对象放到Bird数组中,遍历数组
- 调用各个元素的eat方法
- 如果会飞的调用fly方法(提示:可以使用instanceof判断)
- 如果会游的调用swim方法
public interface Flyable {void fly();
}
public interface Swimming {void swim();
}
public abstract class Bird {public abstract void eat();
}
public class Penguin extends Bird implements Swimming {@Overridepublic void eat() {System.out.println("企鹅吃南极磷虾");}@Overridepublic void swim() {System.out.println("企鹅下海捉虾");}
}
public class Swan extends Bird implements Flyable,Swimming {@Overridepublic void eat() {System.out.println("天鹅吃水生植物的根茎和种子、水生昆虫、螺类和小鱼");}@Overridepublic void fly() {System.out.println("天鹅展翅高飞,天南海北任我游");}@Overridepublic void swim() {System.out.println("天鹅把羽毛洗的锃亮,顺便捉条鱼");}
}
public class Chicken extends Bird implements Flyable{@Overridepublic void eat() {System.out.println("鸡吃谷子");}@Overridepublic void fly() {System.out.println("鸡上房揭瓦,满院子乱扑腾");}
}
public class Exercise34 {public static void main(String[] args) {Bird[] birds = new Bird[3];birds[0] = new Penguin();birds[1] = new Swan();birds[2] = new Chicken();for (int i = 0; i < birds.length; i++) {birds[i].eat();if(birds[i] instanceof Flyable){Flyable f = (Flyable) birds[i];f.fly();}if(birds[i] instanceof Swimming){Swimming s = (Swimming)birds[i];s.swim();}}}
}
35、Predicate接口
(1)已知在java.util.function包下有一个Predicate接口(这个接口不用写)
- 包含抽象方法:boolean test(Object obj);
(2)声明一个数组工具类ArrayTools,包含
- 静态方法:public static void print(Object[] arr):使用for循环遍历输出数组元素
(3)声明一个员工类Emloyee
- 包含属性编号、姓名、年龄、薪资,私有化,
- 提供无参和有参构造
- 提供get/set方法
- 重写toString方法,返回员工对象的基本信息
(4)声明一个员工管理类:EmployeeService,
-
包含private Employee[] arr并创建长度为5的数组
-
包含private int total,记录arr中员工对象个数
-
包含public void add(Employee emp)方法,将emp对象添加到arr数组中,
-
包含public Employee[] get(Predicate p)方法,这个方法的作用就是在arr数组中筛选出满足某个条件的员工对象。
- 要求遍历arr数组,统计arr数组中有几个元素通过p的test方法判断返回true,假设count个
- 创建Emloyee[]数组result,长度为count,并把arr中满足p的test方法条件的元素就添加到返回值的result数组中。
(5)在测试类中,创建EmployeeService对象,
- 调用add方法添加如下员工对象
new Employee(4, "李四", 24, 24000);
new Employee(3, "张三", 23, 13000);
new Employee(5, "王五", 25, 15000);
new Employee(1, "赵六", 27, 17000);
new Employee(2, "钱七", 16, 6000);
- 调用get(Predicate p)方法,通过匿名内部类的对象给形参p赋值,分别实现获取:
- 所有员工对象
- 所有年龄超过25的员工
- 所有薪资高于15000的员工
- 所有年龄超过25且薪资高于15000的员工
- 分别遍历输出
public class ArrayTools {public static void print(Object[] arr){for(int i = 0;i < arr.length;i++){System.out.println(arr[i]);}}
}
public class Employee {private int id;private String name;private int age;private double salary;public Employee() {}public Employee(int id, String name, int age, double salary) {this.id = id;this.name = name;this.age = age;this.salary = salary;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public double getSalary() {return salary;}public void setSalary(double salary) {this.salary = salary;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Employee{" +"id=" + id +", name='" + name + '\'' +", age=" + age +", salary=" + salary +'}';}
}
public class EmployeeService {private Employee[] arr = new Employee[5];private int total;public void add(Employee emp){if(total >= arr.length){System.out.println("数组已满,无法添加");return;}arr[total++] = emp;}public Employee[] get(Predicate p){int count = 0;for (Employee employee : arr) {if(p.test(employee)){count++;}}Employee[] result = new Employee[count];count = 0;for (Employee employee : arr) {if(p.test(employee)){result[count++] = employee;}}return result;}
}
public class Exercise35 {public static void main(String[] args) {EmployeeService es = new EmployeeService();es.add(new Employee(4, "李四", 24, 24000));es.add(new Employee(3, "张三", 23, 13000));es.add(new Employee(5, "王五", 25, 15000));es.add(new Employee(1, "赵六", 27, 17000));es.add(new Employee(2, "钱七", 16, 6000));System.out.println("所有员工:");Employee[] all = es.get(new Predicate() {@Overridepublic boolean test(Object o) {return true;}});ArrayTools.print(all);System.out.println("--------------------------------");System.out.println("所有年龄超过25的员工:");all = es.get(new Predicate() {@Overridepublic boolean test(Object o) {return ((Employee)o).getAge()>25;}});ArrayTools.print(all);System.out.println("--------------------------------");System.out.println("所有薪资高于15000的员工:");all = es.get(new Predicate() {@Overridepublic boolean test(Object o) {Employee e = (Employee) o;return e.getSalary()>15000;}});ArrayTools.print(all);System.out.println("--------------------------------");System.out.println("所有年龄超过25且薪资高于15000的员工:");all = es.get(new Predicate() {@Overridepublic boolean test(Object o) {Employee e = (Employee) o;return e.getAge()>25 && e.getSalary()>15000;}});ArrayTools.print(all);}
}
06-内部类
36、代码阅读题
public class Exercise36 {public static void main(String[] args) {Out out = new Out();out.Print(3);}
}
class Out {private int age = 12;public void Print(final int x) {class In {public void inPrint() {System.out.println(x);//3System.out.println(age);//12}}new In().inPrint();}
}
37、代码阅读题
public class Exercise37 {public static void main(String[] args) {Out.In in = new Out().new In();in.print();}
}
class Out {private int age = 12;class In {private int age = 13;public void print() {int age = 14;System.out.println("局部变量:" + age);//14System.out.println("内部类变量:" + this.age);//13System.out.println("外部类变量:" + Out.this.age);//12}}
}
38、代码阅读题
public class Exercise38{public Exercise38(){Inner s1 = new Inner();s1.a = 10;Inner s2 = new Inner();s2.a = 20;Exercise38.Inner s3 = new Exercise38.Inner();System.out.println(s3.a);}class Inner{public int a = 5;}public static void main(String[] args) {Exercise38 t = new Exercise38();Inner r = t.new Inner();System.out.println(r.a);}
}
39、继承Object匿名内部类
编写一个匿名内部类,它继承Object,并在匿名内部类中,声明一个方法public void print(),输出尚硅谷。
请编写代码调用这个方法。
public class Exercise39 {public static void main(String[] args) {new Object(){public void print(){System.out.println("尚硅谷");}}.print();}
}
40、CompareAble接口匿名实现类
案例:将《05-接口第28题CompareAble接口》改用匿名内部类实现接口,来代替CompareBig和CompareColor
public class Exercise40 {public static void main(String[] args) {Worker w = new Worker();Apple a1 = new Apple(5, "青色");Apple a2 = new Apple(3, "红色");w.pickApple(new CompareAble(){}, a1, a2);w.pickApple(new CompareAble(){@Overridepublic void compare(Apple a1, Apple a2) {System.out.println("挑红的:");if("红色".equals(a1.getColor())){System.out.println(a1);}if("红色".equals(a2.getColor())){System.out.println(a2);}}}, a1, a2);}
}
class Apple{private double size;private String color;public Apple(double size, String color) {super();this.size = size;this.color = color;}public Apple() {super();}public double getSize() {return size;}public void setSize(double size) {this.size = size;}public String getColor() {return color;}public void setColor(String color) {this.color = color;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return size + "-" + color;}}
interface CompareAble{default void compare(Apple a1,Apple a2){System.out.println("默认挑大的:");if(a1.getSize() > a2.getSize()){System.out.println(a1);}else{System.out.println(a2);}}
}
class Worker{public void pickApple(CompareAble c,Apple a1,Apple a2){c.compare(a1, a2);}
}
41、Filter接口匿名实现类
案例:将《05-接口第29题Filter接口》改用匿名内部类实现接口,来代替V1Filter、V2Filter、AFilter
public class Exercise41 {public static void main(String[] args) {User[] all = new User[15];for (int i = 0; i < all.length; i++) {all[i] = new User(null,i+1);}Receptionist r1 = new Receptionist(new Filter(){@Overridepublic void filterUser(User u) {u.setType("v1");}});for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {r1.recept(all[i]);}Receptionist r2 = new Receptionist(new Filter(){@Overridepublic void filterUser(User u) {u.setType("v2");}});for (int i = 5; i < 10; i++) {r2.recept(all[i]);}Receptionist r3 = new Receptionist(new Filter(){@Overridepublic void filterUser(User u) {u.setType("A");}});for (int i = 10; i < 15; i++) {r3.recept(all[i]);}for (int i = 0; i < all.length; i++) {System.out.println(all[i]);}}
}
class User{private String type;private int id;public User(String type, int id) {super();this.type = type;this.id = id;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String type) {this.type = type;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return id + "-" + type;}
}
interface Filter{void filterUser(User u);
}class Receptionist{private Filter filter;public Receptionist(Filter filter) {super();this.filter = filter;}public Filter getFilter() {return filter;}public void setFilter(Filter filter) {this.filter = filter;}public void recept(User u){if(u.getType() != null){return ;}filter.filterUser(u);}
}
42、Thread、Runnable的匿名实现类
(1)已知java.lang包下有一个Thread类(这个类不用写),该类有:
- ①public Thread(String name)构造器
- ②public Thread(Runnable target)构造器
- ③public void run()方法
- ④public void start()方法
- ⑤public String getName()方法
(2)已知java.lang包下还有一个Runnable接口(这个接口不用写),该接口有
- 抽象方法:public void run()
(3)测试类
- ①请用匿名内部类的方式继承Thread类,并显示使用Thread(String name)构造器,传入实参“自己的姓名”,在匿名内部类中重写run方法,输出“xx爱尚硅谷”,其中xx通过getName()方法获取。同时调用Thread类匿名子类对象的start()方法。
- ②请用Thread(Runnable target)构造器创建Thread类的对象,并且用匿名内部类的方式实现Runnable接口,重写run方法,输出“尚硅谷爱我”。调用Thread类对象的start方法
- ③运行测试类,查看运行效果
public class Exercise42 {public static void main(String[] args) {new Thread("康师傅"){@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println(getName() +"爱尚硅谷");}}.start();new Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println("尚硅谷爱我");}}).start();}
}
43、Selector、Touchable接口
案例:
1、声明一个接口:Selector,包含抽象方法:
(1)boolean hasNext()
(2)Object next()
2、声明一个接口:Touchable,包含抽象方法:
(1)Selector select()
3、声明一个MyArrayList类,当做容器类使用,模拟动态数组数据结构的容器
(1)包含私有属性:
① Object[] all;用于保存对象,初始化长度为2
② int total;记录实际存储的对象个数
(2)包含方法:
① public void add(Object element):用于添加一个元素到当前容器中,如果数组all已满,就扩容为原来的2倍
② public void remove(int index):如果index<0或index>=total就打印“没有这个元素”并返回,否则删除index位置的元素
③ public void set(int index, Object value):如果index<0或index>=total就打印“没有这个元素”并返回,否则就替换index位置的元素为value
④ public Object get(int index):如果index<0或index>=total就打印“没有这个元素”并返回null,否则返回index位置的元素
⑤ 让类MyArrayList实现Touchable接口,并重写Selector select()方法,返回内部类MySelector的对象
⑥ 在类MyArrayList中声明private的内部类MySelector,实现Selector接口
A:在内部类MySelector声明一个属性:int cursor(游标)
B:MySelector实现Selector接口,并重写两个抽象方法,其中
> boolean hasNext()实现为:return cursor != total
> Object next()实现为:return all[cursor++]
4、在测试类Exercise43_1中,
(1)创建MyArrayList的对象list
(2)调用list的add方法,添加3个对象
(3)调用list的remove方法,删除[1]的对象
(4)调用list的set方法,替换[1]的对象
(5)调用list的get方法,获取[1]的对象
(6)调用list的select方法,获取Selector的对象,并调用hasNext()和next()遍历容器中所有的对象
5、在测试类Exercise43_2中,
(1)声明静态的MyArrayList类型的list类变量,
(2)声明public static void init()方法,
①在方法中创建MyArrayList类型对象,
②并调用list的add()方法,添加3个对象,
③并在init()方法上标记JUnit4的@BeforeClass注解
(3)声明public void before()方法,
①打印“该测试方法开始前list中的数据如下:"
②调用list的select方法,获取Selector的对象,并调用hasNext()和next()遍历容器中所有的对象
③并在before()方法上标记JUnit4的@Before的注解
(4)声明public void after()方法,
①打印“该测试方法结束后list中的数据如下:"
②调用list的select方法,获取Selector的对象,并调用hasNext()和next()遍历容器中所有的对象
③并在after()方法上标记JUnit4的@After的注解
(5)声明public void testAdd()方法,
①在方法中,打印“现在测试的是testAdd()方法"
②在方法中,再次调用list的add()方法往list容器对象中添加1个对象
③并在testAdd()方法上标记JUnit4的@Test的注解
(6)声明public void testRemove()方法,
①在方法中,打印“现在测试的是testRemove()方法"
②调用list的remove方法,删除[1]的对象
③并在testRemove()方法上标记JUnit4的@Test的注解
(7)声明public void testSet()方法
①在方法中,打印“现在测试的是testSet()方法"
②调用list的set方法,替换[1]的对象
③并在testSet()方法上标记JUnit4的@Test的注解
(8)声明public void testGet()方法
①在方法中,打印“现在测试的是testGet()方法"
②调用list的get方法,获取[1]的对象,并打印
③并在testGet()方法上标记JUnit4的@Test的注解
public interface Selector {boolean hasNext();Object next();
}
public interface Touchable {Selector select();
}
public class MyArrayList implements Touchable{private Object[] all = new Object[2];private int total;public void add(Object element){if(total>=all.length){all = Arrays.copyOf(all, all.length*2);}all[total++] = element;}public void remove(int index){if(index < 0 || index >= total){System.out.println("没有这个元素");return;}System.arraycopy(all, index+1, all, index, total-index-1);all[--total]=null;}public void set(int index, Object value){if(index < 0 || index >= total){System.out.println("没有这个元素");return;}all[index] = value;}public Object get(int index){if(index < 0 || index >= total){System.out.println("没有这个元素");return null;}return all[index];}@Overridepublic Selector select() {return new MySelector();}private class MySelector implements Selector{private int cursor;@Overridepublic boolean hasNext() {return cursor != total;}@Overridepublic Object next() {return all[cursor++];}}
}
public class Exercise43_1 {public static void main(String[] args) {MyArrayList list = new MyArrayList();//---add()---list.add("张三");list.add("李四");list.add("王五");//---remove()---list.remove(1);//---set()---list.set(1,"赵六");//---get()---Object obj = list.get(1);System.out.println("[1] = " + obj);//---select()---Selector select = list.select();while(select.hasNext()){Object next = select.next();System.out.println(next);}}
}
public class Exercise43_2 {private static MyArrayList list;@BeforeClasspublic static void init(){list = new MyArrayList();list.add("张三");list.add("李四");list.add("王五");}@Beforepublic void before(){System.out.println("该测试方法开始前list中的数据如下:");Selector select = list.select();while(select.hasNext()){Object next = select.next();System.out.println(next);}}@Afterpublic void after(){System.out.println("该测试方法结束后list中的数据如下:");Selector select = list.select();while(select.hasNext()){Object next = select.next();System.out.println(next);}}@Testpublic void testAdd(){System.out.println("现在测试的是testAdd()方法");list.add("康师傅");}@Testpublic void testRemove(){System.out.println("现在测试的是testRemove()方法");list.remove(1);}@Testpublic void testSet(){System.out.println("现在测试的是testSet()方法");list.set(1,"赵六");}@Testpublic void testGet(){System.out.println("现在测试的是testGet()方法");Object object = list.get(1);System.out.println(object);}}
44、Iterable接口实现类
(1)已知java.lang包有一个Iterable接口(这个接口不用写),实现该接口类型的对象,就支持foreach循环遍历。Iterable接口包含:
- 抽象方法:Iterator iterator();
(2)已知java.util包下有一个Iterator接口(这个接口不用写),Iterator接口包含抽象方法:
-
boolean hasNext()
-
Object next()
(3)声明一个动态数组类型MyArrayList,当做容器类使用,模拟动态数组数据结构的容器
-
包含私有属性:
①Object[] all;用于保存对象,初始化长度为10
②int total;记录实际存储的对象个数
-
包含方法:
①public void add(Object element):用于添加一个元素到当前容器中,如果数组all已满,不添加了
②public void remove(int index):如果index<0或index>=total就打印“没有这个元素”并返回,否则删除index位置的元素
③public void set(int index, Object value):如果index<0或index>=total就打印“没有这个元素”并返回,否则就替换index位置的元素为value
④public Object get(int index):如果index<0或index>=total就打印“没有这个元素”并返回null,否则返回index位置的元素
⑤让类MyArrayList实现Iterable接口,并重写Iterator iterator()方法,返回内部类Itr的对象
(4)在类MyArrayList内部中声明private的非静态内部类Itr,实现Iterator接口
- 声明一个属性:int cursor(游标)
- 实现抽象方法boolean hasNext()实现为:return cursor != total;
- 实现抽象方法Object next()实现为:return all[cursor++];
(5)在测试类中,
-
创建MyArrayList的对象list
-
调用list的add方法,连续添加5个对象,分别为"atguigu",“java”,“bigdata”,“h5”,“ui”,并用foreach遍历输出
-
调用list的set方法,替换[1]的对象为"javaee",并用foreach遍历输出
-
调用list的remove方法,删除[1]的对象,并用foreach遍历输出
-
调用list的get方法,获取[1]的对象
-
调用list的iterator方法,获取Iterator接口的实现类对象,结合while循环调用hasNext()和next()遍历容器中所有的对象
public class MyArrayList implements Iterable {private Object[] all = new Object[10];private int total;public void add(Object element){if(total>=all.length){System.out.println("数组已满,无法添加");return;}all[total++] = element;}public void remove(int index){if(index<0 || index>=total){System.out.println("没有这个元素");return;}for (int i = index; i < total; i++) {all[i] = all[i+1];}all[--total] = null;}public void set(int index, Object value){if(index<0 || index>=total){System.out.println("没有这个元素");return;}all[index] =value;}public Object get(int index){if(index<0 || index>=total){System.out.println("没有这个元素");return null;}return all[index];}@Overridepublic Iterator iterator() {return new Itr();}private class Itr implements Iterator{int cursor;@Overridepublic boolean hasNext() {return cursor != total;}@Overridepublic Object next() {return all[cursor++];}}
}
public class Exercise44 {public static void main(String[] args) {MyArrayList list = new MyArrayList();list.add("atguigu");list.add("java");list.add("bigdata");list.add("h5");list.add("ui");System.out.println("添加完5个元素后:");for (Object o : list) {System.out.println(o);}System.out.println("--------------------");list.set(1,"javaee");System.out.println("替换[1]位置的元素为javaee后");for (Object o : list) {System.out.println(o);}System.out.println("--------------------");list.remove(1);System.out.println("删除[1]位置的元素后");for (Object o : list) {System.out.println(o);}System.out.println("--------------------");Object o = list.get(1);System.out.println("[1]位置的元素现在是" + o);System.out.println("--------------------");Iterator iterator = list.iterator();while(iterator.hasNext()){System.out.println(iterator.next());}}
}
07-枚举类
45、月份枚举类
(1)声明月份枚举类Month:
①声明一个属性,私有化,加final修饰
- description(描述,例如:JANUARY的description为一月,FEBRUARY的description为二月,依次类推)
②声明一个有参构造Month(String description),创建12个常量对象,常量对象的名称如下
JANUARY,FEBRUARY,MARCH,APRIL,MAY,JUNE,JULY,AUGUST,SEPTEMBER,OCTOBER,NOVEMBER,DECEMBER
③public static Month getByValue(int value):返回对应月份值的枚举对象,例如实参传入1,则返回JANUARY对象。
④public int length(boolean leapYear):返回这个月的总天数,如果当前对象是FEBRUARY,并且leapYear是true,则返回29,否则返回28。其他月份对象无论leapYear参数是true还是false,都正常返回月份总天数。
⑤重写toString():返回对象信息,例如:1->JANUARY->一月份。
2、在测试类中,从键盘输入年份和月份值,获取对应的月份对象,并打印月份对象,并获取月份总天数。
public enum Month {JANUARY("一月"),FEBRUARY("二月"),MARCH("三月"),APRIL("四月"),MAY("五月"),JUNE("六月"),JULY("七月"),AUGUST("八月"),SEPTEMBER("九月"),OCTOBER("十月"),NOVEMBER("十一月"),DECEMBER("十二月");private final String description;Month(String description) {this.description = description;}public static Month getByValue(int value){if(value>=1 && value<=12){return Month.values()[value-1];}return null;}public int length(boolean leapYear){switch(this){case FEBRUARY:return leapYear ? 29 : 28;case APRIL:case JUNE:case SEPTEMBER:case NOVEMBER:return 30;default:return 31;}}@Overridepublic String toString() {return (ordinal()+1) +"->" + name() +"->" + description;}
}
public class Exercise45 {public static void main(String[] args) {Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.print("请输入年份值:");int year = input.nextInt();System.out.print("请输入月份值:");int monthValue = input.nextInt();Month month = Month.getByValue(monthValue);System.out.println(month);System.out.println("月份总天数:" + month.length(year%4==0 && year%100!=0 || year%400==0));input.close();}
}
46、颜色枚举类
案例:
1、声明颜色枚举类:
- 7个常量对象:赤、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫。
2、在测试类中,使用枚举类,获取绿色对象,并打印对象。
public class Exercise46 {public static void main(String[] args) {Color c = Color.GREEN;System.out.println(c);}
}
enum Color{RED,ORANGE,YELLOW,GREEN,CYAN,BLUE,PURPLE
}
47、拓展:颜色枚举类
(1)声明颜色枚举类Color:
- 声明final修饰的int类型的属性red,green,blue
- 声明final修饰的String类型的属性description
- 声明有参构造Color(int red, int green, int blue,String description)
- 创建7个常量对象:赤、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫,
- 重写toString方法,例如:RED(255,0,0)->红色
(2)在测试类中,使用枚举类,获取绿色对象,并打印对象。
提示:
- 7个常量对象的RGB值如下:
赤:(255,0,0)
橙:(255,128,0)
黄:(255,255,0)
绿:(0,255,0)
青:(0,255,255)
蓝:(0,0,255)
紫:(128,0,255)
- 7个常量对象名如下:
RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN, CYAN, BLUE,PURPLE
public enum Color {RED(255,0,0,"赤"),ORANGE(255,128,0,"橙"),YELLOW(255,255,0,"黄"),GREEN(0,255,0,"绿"),CYAN(0,255,255,"青"),BLUE(0,0,255,"蓝"),PURPLE(128,0,255,"紫");private final int red;private final int green;private final int blue;private final String description;Color(int red, int green, int blue,String description) {this.red = red;this.green = green;this.blue = blue;this.description = description;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return name()+"("+red+","+green+","+green+")->" + description;}
}
public class Exercise47 {public static void main(String[] args) {Color green = Color.GREEN;System.out.println(green);}
}
48、月份枚举类
案例:
1、声明月份枚举类Month:
(1)创建:1-12月常量对象
(2)声明两个属性:value(月份值,例如:JANUARY的value为1),
description(描述,例如:JANUARY的description为1月份是一年的开始)。
(3)声明一个有参构造,创建12个对象
(4) 声明一个方法:public static Month getByValue(int value)
(5)重写toString():返回对象信息,例如:1->JANUARY->1月份是一年的开始。
2、在测试类中,从键盘输入1个1-12的月份值,获取对应的月份对象,并打印对象
public class Exercise48 {public static void main(String[] args) {Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.print("请输入月份值(1-12):");int m = input.nextInt();Month month = Month.getByValue(m);System.out.println(month);input.close();}
}
enum Month{JANUARY(1,"1月份是一年的开始"),FEBRUARY(2,"2月份是一年中最短的一个月"),MARCH(3,"3月春暖花开"),APRIL(4,"4月阳光明媚"),MAY(5,"5月清凉初夏"),JUNE(6,"6月骄阳似火"),JULY(7,"7月下半年的第一个月"),AUGUST(8,"8月人已晒干"),SEPTEMBER(9,"秋风送爽"),OCTOBER(10,"10月全国同欢"),NOVEMBER(11,"11月寻找秋裤"),DECMEBER(12,"12月冰天雪地");private int value;private String description;private Month(int value,String description){this.value = value;this.description = description;}public static Month getByValue(int value){return Month.values()[value-1];}public String toString(){return value + "->" + name() + "->" + description;}
}
49、支付枚举类-1
(1)声明可支付接口Payable:
- 包含抽象方法:void pay();
(2)声明支付枚举类Payment:
- 声明String类型的final属性description
- 声明有参构造Payment(String description)
- 重写toString方法,返回description
ALIPAY("支付宝"),WECHAT("微信"),CREDITCARD("信用卡"),DEPOSITCARD("储蓄卡")
- 枚举类Payment实现接口Payable
①支付宝/微信:对接口的实现是打印“扫码支付”
②信用卡/储蓄卡:对接口的实现是打印“输入卡号支付”
(3)在测试类中,获取所有支付对象,打印支付对象并调用它们的pay()方法
public interface Payable {void pay();
}
public enum Payment implements Payable{ALIPAY("支付宝"),WECHAT("微信"),CREDITCARD("信用卡"),DEPOSITCARD("储蓄卡");private final String description;Payment(String description) {this.description = description;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return description;}@Overridepublic void pay() {switch (this){case ALIPAY:case WECHAT:System.out.println("扫码支付");break;case CREDITCARD:case DEPOSITCARD:System.out.println("输入卡号支付");break;}}
}
public class Exercise49 {public static void main(String[] args) {Payment[] values = Payment.values();for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {System.out.print(values[i]+":");values[i].pay();}}
}
50、支付枚举类-2
案例:
1、声明可支付接口Payable:
包含抽象方法:void pay();
2、声明支付枚举类Payment:
(1)创建常量对象:支付宝(ALIPAY),微信(WECHAT),信用卡(CREDIT_CARD),储蓄卡(DEPOSIT_CARD)
(2)枚举类Payment实现接口Payable
①支付宝/微信:对接口的实现是打印“扫码支付”
②信用卡/储蓄卡:对接口的实现是打印“输入卡号支付”
3、在测试类中,获取所有支付对象,并调用它们的pay()
public class Exercise50 {public static void main(String[] args) {Payment[] values = Payment.values();for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {values[i].pay();}}
}
interface Payable{void pay();
}
enum Payment implements Payable{ALIPAY{@Overridepublic void pay() {System.out.println("扫码支付");}},WECHAT{@Overridepublic void pay() {System.out.println("扫码支付");}},CREDIT_CARD,DEPOSIT_CARD;@Overridepublic void pay() {System.out.println("输入卡号支付");}
}
51、设备状态枚举类
(1)声明设备状态枚举类Status
- 声明final修饰的String类型的属性description和int类型的属性value,value值初始化为ordinal()值
- 声明有参构造Status(String description)
- 重写toString方法,返回description值
- 提供静态方法public static Status getByValue(int value):根据value值获取Status状态对象
- 创建3个常量对象:
FREE("空闲"), USED("在用"), SCRAP("报废")
(2)声明设备类型Equipment
- 声明设备编号(int)、设备的品牌(String)、价格(double)、设备名称(String)、状态(Status)属性,私有化
- 提供无参和有参构造
- 重写toString方法,返回设备信息
(3)现有Data.java,代码如下:
public class Data {public static final String[][] EQUIPMENTS = {{"1", "联想", "6000", "拯救者","0"},{"2", "宏碁 ","5000", "AT7-N52","0"},{"3", "小米", "2000", "5V5Pro","1"},{"4", "戴尔", "4000", "3800-R33","1"},{"5", "苹果", "12000", "MBP15","1"},{"6", "华硕", "8000", "K30BD-21寸","2"},{"7", "联想", "7000", "YOGA","0"},{"8", "惠普", "5800", "X500","2"},{"9", "苹果", "4500","2021Pro","0"},{"10", "惠普", "5800", "FZ5","1"}};
}
(4)在测试类中,创建Equipment类型的数组,并使用Data类的二维数组EQUIPMENTS的信息初始化设备对象,遍历输出
public enum Status {FREE("空闲"), USED("在用"), SCRAP("报废");private final int value;private final String description;private Status(String description) {this.value = ordinal();this.description = description;}public String getDescription() {return description;}public static Status getByValue(int value){return Status.values()[value];}@Overridepublic String toString() {return description;}
}
public class Equipment {private int id;private String factory;private double price;private String name;private Status status;public Equipment() {}public Equipment(int id, String factory, double price, String name, Status status) {this.id = id;this.factory = factory;this.price = price;this.name = name;this.status = status;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getFactory() {return factory;}public void setFactory(String factory) {this.factory = factory;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public double getPrice() {return price;}public void setPrice(double price) {this.price = price;}public Status getStatus() {return status;}public void setStatus(Status status) {this.status = status;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Equipment{" +"id=" + id +", factory='" + factory + '\'' +", name='" + name + '\'' +", price=" + price +", status=" + status +'}';}
}
public class Data {public static final String[][] EQUIPMENTS = {{"1", "联想", "6000", "拯救者","0"},{"2", "宏碁 ","5000", "AT7-N52","0"},{"3", "小米", "2000", "5V5Pro","1"},{"4", "戴尔", "4000", "3800-R33","1"},{"5", "苹果", "12000", "MBP15","1"},{"6", "华硕", "8000", "K30BD-21寸","2"},{"7", "联想", "7000", "YOGA","0"},{"8", "惠普", "5800", "X500","2"},{"9", "苹果", "4500","2021Pro","0"},{"10", "惠普", "5800", "FZ5","1"}};
}
public class Exercise51 {public static void main(String[] args) {Equipment[] arr = new Equipment[EQUIPMENTS.length];for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {int id = Integer.parseInt(EQUIPMENTS[i][0]);String factory = EQUIPMENTS[i][1];double price = Double.parseDouble(EQUIPMENTS[i][2]);String name = EQUIPMENTS[i][3];int value = Integer.parseInt(EQUIPMENTS[i][4]);Status status = Status.getByValue(value);arr[i] = new Equipment(id,factory,price,name,status);System.out.println(arr[i]);}}
}
08-注解
52、图形工具类
案例:
1、编写图形工具类:ShapTools
(1)声明方法1:public static void printRectangle(),打印5行5列*组成的矩形图形
(2)声明方法2:public static void printRectangle(int line, int column, String sign),打印line行column列由sign组成的矩形图形
(3)给这个类加上文档注释:包含@author,@param等
(4)给方法1标记已过时注解
2、编写测试类Exercise52
在测试类中调用上面的两个方法测试,如果有警告,就在main方法上抑制警告
public class Exercise52 {public static void main(String[] args) {ShapTools.printRectangle();ShapTools.printRectangle(3, 10, "#");}
}
class ShapTools{@Deprecatedpublic static void printRectangle(){for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {System.out.print("*");}System.out.println();}}public static void printRectangle(int line, int column, String sign){for (int i = 0; i < line; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < column; j++) {System.out.print(sign);}System.out.println();}}
}
09-包装类
53、代码阅读题
public static void main(String[] args) {Integer i1 = 128;Integer i2 = 128;int i3 = 128;int i4 = 128;System.out.println(i1 == i2);System.out.println(i3 == i4);System.out.println(i1 == i3);
}
package com.atguigu.test1;public class Exercise53 {public static void main(String[] args) {Integer i1 = 128;Integer i2 = 128;int i3 = 128;int i4 = 128;System.out.println(i1 == i2);//false,比较地址,128超过Integer缓存对象System.out.println(i3 == i4);//true,比较数据值System.out.println(i1 == i3);//true,i1自动拆箱按照基本数据类型比较//包装类对象与基本数据类型进行比较时,就会把包装类对象自动拆箱,按照基本数据类型的规则进行比较}
}
54、代码阅读题
public class Exercise54{public static void main(String[] args) {double a = 2.0;double b = 2.0;Double c = 2.0;Double d = 2.0;System.out.println(a == b);System.out.println(c == d);System.out.println(a == d);}
}
public class Exercise54{public static void main(String[] args) {double a = 2.0;double b = 2.0;Double c = 2.0;Double d = 2.0;System.out.println(a == b);//true,基本数据类型比较数据值System.out.println(c == d);//false,对象比较地址值,Double没有缓存对象System.out.println(a == d);//true,d自动拆箱,按照基本数据类型比较}
}
55、Employee、Programmer、Designer、Architect等类
(1)现有Data.java文件
public class Data{public static final int EMPLOYEE = 10;//表示普通员工public static final int PROGRAMMER = 11;//表示程序员public static final int DESIGNER = 12;//表示设计师public static final int ARCHITECT = 13;//表示架构师public static final String[][] EMPLOYEES = {{"10", "1", "段誉", "22", "3000"},{"13", "2", "令狐冲", "32", "18000", "15000", "2000"},{"11", "3", "任我行", "23", "7000"},{"11", "4", "张三丰", "24", "7300"},{"12", "5", "周芷若", "28", "10000", "5000"},{"11", "6", "赵敏", "22", "6800"},{"12", "7", "张无忌", "29", "10800","5200"},{"13", "8", "韦小宝", "30", "19800", "15000", "2500"},{"12", "9", "杨过", "26", "9800", "5500"},{"11", "10", "小龙女", "21", "6600"},{"11", "11", "郭靖", "25", "7100"},{"12", "12", "黄蓉", "27", "9600", "4800"}};
}
(2)声明员工类、程序员类、设计师类、架构师类,关系如下:
(2-1)普通员工Employee类
- 包含编号、姓名、年龄、工资,属性私有化
- 提供无参构造
- 提供有参构造Employee(int id, String name, int age, double salary)
- 提供get/set方法
- 提供String getBasicInfo()方法:返回员工基本信息
- 重写toString():返回员工基本信息
(2-2)程序员Programmer类,继承普通员工类
- 提供无参构造
- 提供有参构造Programmer(int id, String name, int age, double salary)
- 重写toString(),增加职位“程序员”信息
(2-3)设计师Designer类,继承程序员类
- 增加奖金属性
- 提供无参构造
- 提供有参构造Designer(int id, String name, int age, double salary, double bonus)
- 重写toString(),增加职位“设计师”和奖金信息
(2-4)架构师Architect类,继承设计师类
- 增加股票属性
- 提供无参构造
- 提供有参构造Architect(int id, String name, int age, double salary, double bonus, int stock)
- 重写toString()方法,增加职位“架构师”和奖金、股票信息
(3)在测试类中创建员工数组,用Data类中的二维数组数据进行员工数组的初始化
提示:把字符串转为int和double类型的值,可以使用如下方式:
String idStr = "1";
int id = Integer.parseInt(idStr);String salaryStr = "7300";
double salary = Double.parseDouble(salaryStr);
(4)遍历数组,使用如下格式
public class Employee {private int id;private String name;//姓名private int age;//年龄private double salary;//工资public Employee() {}public Employee(int id, String name, int age, double salary) {this.id = id;this.name = name;this.age = age;this.salary = salary;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public double getSalary() {return salary;}public void setSalary(double salary) {this.salary = salary;}public String getBasicInfo(){return id + "\t\t" + name + "\t" + age + "\t\t" + salary;}public String toString() {return getBasicInfo();}
}
public class Programmer extends Employee {public Programmer() {}public Programmer(int id, String name, int age, double salary) {super(id, name, age, salary);}@Overridepublic String toString() {return super.getBasicInfo() + "\t\t程序员";}
}
public class Designer extends Programmer {private double bonus;// : 奖金public Designer() {}public Designer(int id, String name, int age, double salary, double bonus) {super(id, name, age, salary);this.bonus = bonus;}public double getBonus() {return bonus;}public void setBonus(double bonus) {this.bonus = bonus;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return super.getBasicInfo() + "\t\t设计师" + "\t" + bonus;}
}
public class Architect extends Designer {private int stock;// : 股票public Architect() {}public Architect(int id, String name, int age, double salary, double bonus, int stock) {super(id, name, age, salary, bonus);this.stock = stock;}public int getStock() {return stock;}public void setStock(int stock) {this.stock = stock;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return super.getBasicInfo() + "\t\t架构师" + "\t" + getBonus() + "\t" + stock;}
}
public class Data{public static final int EMPLOYEE = 10;//表示普通员工public static final int PROGRAMMER = 11;//表示程序员public static final int DESIGNER = 12;//表示设计师public static final int ARCHITECT = 13;//表示架构师public static final String[][] EMPLOYEES = {{"10", "1", "段誉", "22", "3000"},{"13", "2", "令狐冲", "32", "18000", "15000", "2000"},{"11", "3", "任我行", "23", "7000"},{"11", "4", "张三丰", "24", "7300"},{"12", "5", "周芷若", "28", "10000", "5000"},{"11", "6", "赵敏", "22", "6800"},{"12", "7", "张无忌", "29", "10800","5200"},{"13", "8", "韦小宝", "30", "19800", "15000", "2500"},{"12", "9", "杨过", "26", "9800", "5500"},{"11", "10", "小龙女", "21", "6600"},{"11", "11", "郭靖", "25", "7100"},{"12", "12", "黄蓉", "27", "9600", "4800"}};
}
import static com.atguigu.wrapper.Data.*;
public class Exercise55 {public static void main(String[] args) {Employee[] arr = new Employee[EMPLOYEES.length];for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {int type = Integer.parseInt(EMPLOYEES[i][0]);int id = Integer.parseInt(EMPLOYEES[i][1]);String name = EMPLOYEES[i][2];int age = Integer.parseInt(EMPLOYEES[i][3]);double salary = Double.parseDouble(EMPLOYEES[i][4]);switch (type){case EMPLOYEE:arr[i] = new Employee(id,name,age,salary);break;case PROGRAMMER:arr[i] = new Programmer(id,name,age,salary);break;case DESIGNER:double bonus = Double.parseDouble(EMPLOYEES[i][5]);arr[i] = new Designer(id,name,age,salary,bonus);break;case ARCHITECT:bonus = Double.parseDouble(EMPLOYEES[i][5]);int stock = Integer.parseInt(EMPLOYEES[i][6]);arr[i] = new Architect(id,name,age,salary,bonus,stock);break;}System.out.println(arr[i]);}}
}