Java基础进阶（学习笔记）

注：本篇的代码和PPT图片来源于黑马程序员，本篇仅为学习笔记

static

static 是静态的意思，可以修饰成员变量，也可以修饰成员方法

修饰成员的特点：

被其修饰的成员, 被该类的所有对象所共享

多了一种调用方式, 可以通过类名调用

随着类的加载而加载, 优先于对象存在

class User {String name;int age;static int onLineNumber;
}
public class StaticTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {User.onLineNumber++;User u1 = new User();u1.name = "张三";u1.age = 23;sout(u1.name + "---" + u1.age+ "---" + u1.onLineNumber);User.onLineNumber++;User u2 = new User();u2.name = "李四";u2.age = 24;sout(u2.name + "---" + u2.age+ "---" + u2.onLineNumber);}
}

张三﹣--23---1
李四﹣--24---2

注意事项：

static 方法中, 只能访问静态成员 (直接访问)

static 中不允许使用 this 关键字

重新认识main方法

public class HelloWorld {public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println("HelloWorld");}
}

public：被 JVM 调用，访问权限足够大

static ：被 JVM 调用，不用创建对象

因为main方法是静态的，所以测试类中其他方法也需要是静态的

void ：被 JVM 调用，不需要给 JVM 返回值

main ：一个通用的名称，虽然不是关键字，但是被 JVM 识别

String[] args : 以前用于接收键盘录入数据的，现在没用

继承

让类与类之间产生关系（子父类关系），子类可以直接使用父类中非私有的成员

成员变量

public class Fu {int num = 10;
}

class Zi extends Fu {int num = 20;public void method(){int num = 30;System.out.println(num);            // 30System.out.println(this.num);       // 20System.out.println(super.num);      // 10}
}

成员方法

子类重写父类方法，需要保证方法声明完全一致（方法名，参数，返回值类型需要保持一致）

目标1: 能够独立识别出, 方法是不是重写的方法

- @Override

目标2: 清楚方法重写的使用场景

- 当子类需要父类的方法, 但是觉得父类的方法逻辑不好 (修改 | 增强)

就可以对父类的方法进行重写

注意

父类中私有方法不能被重写

子类重写父类方法时，访问权限必须大于等于父类

继承特点：

Java只支持单继承，不支持多继承，但支持多层继承

public static void main(String[] args) {Student stu = new Student("钢门吹雪", 23, 100);sout(stu.getName() + "---" + stu.getAge() +"---" + stu.getScore());
}

public class Student extends Person{private int score;public Student(String name, int age, int score) {super(name, age);this.score = score;}
}

public class Person {private String name;private int age;public Person(String name, int age) {this.name = name;this.age = age;}
}

final关键字

final 关键字是最终的意思，可以修饰（方法，类，变量）

final 修饰的特点

修饰方法：表明该方法是最终方法，不能被重写

修饰类：表明该类是最终类，不能被继承

修饰变量：表明该变量是常量，不能再次被赋值

public class Test {public static final String schoolName="au";private final String name="c";//无意义public static void main(String[] args) {//final只能赋值一次final int a;a=12;final double r=3.14;}public static void buy(final double z){}
}final class A{}class C{public void test(){}
}
class D extends C{}

final 修饰变量的细节补充

变量是基本类型：final 修饰指的是基本类型的数据值不能发生改变

变量是引用类型：final 修饰指的是引用类型的地址值不能发生改变，但是地址里面的内容是可以发生改变的

成员变量如果被 final 修饰，需要在构造方法结束之前完成赋值

抽象类

抽象类是一种特殊的父类，内部可以编写方法

抽象方法：将共性的行为（方法）抽取到父类之后，发现该方法的实现逻辑，无法在父类中给出具体明确，该方法就可以定义为抽象方法。

抽象类：如果一个类中存在抽象方法，那么该类就必须声明为抽象类

抽象方法的定义格式：

public abstract 返回值类型方法名(参数列表);

抽象类的定义格式:

public abstract class 类名{}

注意：

抽象类不能实例化

抽象类存在构造方法

抽象类中可以存在普通方法

抽象类的子类

要么重写抽象类中的所有抽象方法

要么是抽象类

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Teacher t=new Teacher();t.write();System.out.println("--------------------------------");Student s=new Student();s.write();}
}

public abstract class People {public final void write(){System.out.println("\t\t\t\t\t\t《GGB》");System.out.println("\t\t哦GGB童话里做英雄");System.out.println(writeMain());System.out.println("GGGGGBBBB!");}public abstract String writeMain();
}

public class Student extends People {@Overridepublic String writeMain() {return "啊啊啊啊啊啊啊";}
}

public class Teacher extends People {@Overridepublic String writeMain() {return "啦啦啦啦啦啦啦";}
}

接口

接口用关键字interface来定义

public interface 接口名 {}

接口不能实例化

接口和类之间是实现关系，通过implements关键字表示

public class 类名 implements 接口名 {}

接口的子类（实现类）

要么重写接口中的所有抽象方法

要么是抽象类

接口

综合案例：

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {ClassManager clazz=new ClassManager();clazz.printInfo();clazz.printScore();}
}

public class Student {private String name;private char sex;public Student() {}private double score;public Student(String name, char sex, double score) {this.name = name;this.sex = sex;this.score = score;}

import java.util.ArrayList;public class ClassManager {private ArrayList<Student> students=new ArrayList<>();private StudentOperator studentOperator=new StudentOperator1();public ClassManager(){students.add(new Student("迪丽热巴",'女',99));students.add(new Student("古力娜扎",'女',99));students.add(new Student("马儿扎哈",'女',80));students.add(new Student("卡尔扎巴",'女',60));}public void printInfo(){studentOperator.printAllInfo((students));}public void printScore(){studentOperator.printAverageScore(students);}
}

import java.util.ArrayList;public interface StudentOperator {void printAllInfo(ArrayList<Student> students);void printAverageScore(ArrayList<Student> students);
}

import java.util.ArrayList;public class StudentOperator1 implements StudentOperator{@Overridepublic void printAllInfo(ArrayList<Student> students) {System.out.println("------------ 全班学生信息如下------------");for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {Student s=students.get(i);System.out.println("姓名："+s.getName()+",性别"+s.getSex()+"，成绩："+s.getScore());}System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");}@Overridepublic void printAverageScore(ArrayList<Student> students) {double allScore=0.0;for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {Student s=students.get(i);allScore+=s.getScore();}System.out.println("平均分，"+(allScore)/ students.size());}
}

import java.util.ArrayList;public class StudentOperator2 implements StudentOperator{@Overridepublic void printAllInfo(ArrayList<Student> students) {System.out.println("------------ 全班学生信息如下------------");int count1=0;int count2=0;for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {Student s=students.get(i);System.out.println("姓名："+s.getName()+",性别"+s.getSex()+"，成绩："+s.getScore());if(s.getSex()=='男'){count1++;}else {count2++;}}System.out.println("男生人数是："+count1+"，女生人数是："+count2);System.out.println("班级总人数是："+students.size());System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");}@Overridepublic void printAverageScore(ArrayList<Student> students) {double allScore=0.0;double max=students.get(0).getScore();double min=students.get(0).getScore();for (int i = 0; i < students.size(); i++) {Student s=students.get(i);if(s.getScore()>max) max=s.getScore();if(s.getScore()<min) min=s.getScore();allScore+=s.getScore();}System.out.println("学生的最高分是："+max);System.out.println("学生的最低分是："+min);System.out.println("平均分，"+(allScore-max-min)/ (students.size()-2));}
}

多态

多态的成员访问特点

成员变量：编译看左边（父类），执行看左边（父类）

成员方法：编译看左边（父类），执行看右边（子类）

多态的好处：提高了程序的扩展性

对象多态 : 将方法的形参定义为父类类型, 这个方法可以接收该父类的任意子类对象

行为多态 : 同一个行为, 具有多个不同表现形式或形态的能力

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {People p1=new Teacher();p1.run();System.out.println(p1.name);People p2=new Student();p2.run();System.out.println(p2.name);}
}

public class People {public String name="父类Peoplet的名称";public void run(){System.out.println("人可以跑~");}
}

public class Student extends People{public String name="子类Student的名称";@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println("学生跑得快~~");}
}

public class Teacher extends People{public String name="Teacher的名称";@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println("跑的气喘吁吁~~");}
}

多态的转型问题

概述：如果被转的引用类型变量，对应的实际类型和目标类型不是同一种类型，那么在转换的时候就会出现ClassCastException

关键字 instanceof

使用格式：

对象名 instanceof 类型

判断一个对象是否是一个类的实例

通俗的理解：判断关键字左边的对象，是否是右边的类型，返回boolean类型结果

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {People p1=new Student();p1.run();if(p1 instanceof Student){Student s1=(Student) p1;s1.test();}else {Teacher t2=(Teacher) p1;t2.teach();}}
}

public class Student extends People{public String name="子类Student的名称";@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println("学生跑得快~~");}public void test(){System.out.println("学生需要考试");}
}

public class Teacher extends People{public String name="Teacher的名称";@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println("跑的气喘吁吁~~");}public void teach(){System.out.println("老师需要教书");}
}

接口新特性

JDK8的新特性：接口中可以定义有方法体的方法。（默认、静态）

JDK9的新特性：接口中可以定义私有方法。

JDK8 接口特性

允许在接口中定义非抽象方法，但是需要使用关键字 default 修饰，这些方法就是默认方法

作用：解决接口升级的问题

接口中默认方法的定义格式：

格式：public default 返回值类型方法名(参数列表) {}

范例：public default void show() {}

注意：

1.默认方法不是抽象方法，所以不强制被重写 (但是可以被重写，重写的时候去掉default关键字)

2.public可以省略，default不能省略

3.如果实现了多个接口，多个接口中存在相同的方法声明，子类就必须对该方法进行重写

接口中允许定义 static 静态方法

接口中静态方法的定义格式：

格式：public static 返回值类型方法名(参数列表) {}

范例：public static void show() {}

注意：

1.静态方法只能通过接口名调用，不能通过实现类名或者对象名调用

2.public可以省略，static不能省略

JDK9 接口特性

接口中允许定义 private 私有方法

接口中静态方法的定义格式：

格式1：private 返回值类型方法名(参数列表) {}

范例1：private void show() {}

格式2：private static 返回值类型方法名(参数列表) {}

范例2：private static void method() {}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {B b=new B();b.test1();A.test3();}
}

public interface A {public default void test1(){System.out.println("==默认方法==");test2();}private void test2(){System.out.println("==私有方法==");}public static void test3(){System.out.println("==静态方法==");}
}

public class B implements A{
}

接口的多继承

作用：便于实现类去实现

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {}
}interface A{void test1();
}
interface B{void test2();
}
interface C{}interface D extends C,B,A{}
class E implements D{@Overridepublic void test1() {}@Overridepublic void test2() {}
}

注意：

1.一个接口继承多个接口，如果多个接口存在方法签名冲突，则此时不支持多继承

2.一个类实现多个接口，如果多个接口存在方法签名冲突，则此时不支持多实现

3.一个类继承了父类，又同时实现接口，父类和接口中有同名的默认方法，会优先使用父类

4.一个类实现多个接口，多个接口中存在同名的默认方法。可以不冲突，这个类重写该方法即可

内部类

创建对象的格式 :

格式：外部类名.内部类名对象名 = new 外部类对象().new 内部类对象();
范例：Outer.Inner in = new Outer().new Inner();

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Outer.Inner in=new Outer().new Inner();in.test();}
}

public class Outer {public class Inner{private String name;public static String schoolName;public void test(){}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}}
}

内部类成员访问

内部类中, 访问外部类成员 : 直接访问, 包括私有

外部类中, 访问内部类成员 : 需要创建对象访问

class Outer {int num = 150;class Inner {int num = 110;public void show(){int num = 78;System.out.println(num); // 78System.out.println(this.num); // 110System.out.println(Outer.this.num); // 150}}
}

匿名内部类

概述：匿名内部类本质上是一个特殊的局部内部类（定义在方法内部）

前提：需要存在一个接口或类

new 类名 / 接口 () {

}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {
//        Animal a=new Cat();
//        a.cry();Animal a=new Animal(){@Overridepublic void cry() {System.out.println("喵喵喵喵的叫~~~");}};a.cry();}}
//class Cat extends Animal{
//
//    @Override
//    public void cry() {
//        System.out.println("喵喵喵喵的叫~~~");
//    }
//}abstract class Animal{public abstract void cry();
}

枚举

枚举是一种特殊的类

特点：

●枚举类的第一行只能罗列一些名称，这些名称都是常量，并且每个常量记住的都是枚举类的一个对象。
●枚举类的构造器都是私有的（写不写都只能是私有的），因此，枚举类对外不能创建对象。
●枚举都是最终类，不可以被继承。
●枚举类中，从第二行开始，可以定义类的其他各种成员。
●编译器为枚举类新增了几个方法，并且枚举类都是继承： java . lang . Enum 类的，从 enum 类也会继承到一些方法。

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {A a1=A.X;System.out.println(a1);B y=B.Y;y.go();}
}

public enum B {X(){public void go(){}},Y(){@Overridepublic void go() {}};public abstract void go();
}

public enum A {X,Y,Z;private String name;public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}}

枚举的应用场景：做信息标志和分类

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {check(Constant2.BOY);}public static void check(Constant2 sex){switch (sex){case BOY:System.out.println("游戏信息");break;case GIRL:System.out.println("土豪信息");break;}}
}

public enum Constant2 {BOY,GIRL;
}

泛型

作用：提供了在编译阶段约束所能操作的数据类型，并自动进行检查的能力！这样可以避免强制类型转换，及可能出现异常

import java.util.ArrayList;public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {ArrayList list=new ArrayList();list.add("kava");for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {String e= (String) list.get(i);System.out.println(e);}System.out.println("----------------------------");ArrayList<String> list1=new ArrayList<String>();list1.add("java1");//list1.add(new Cat())for (int i = 0; i < list1.size(); i++) {String e=list1.get(i);System.out.println(e);}}
}
class Cat{}

泛型类

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {MyArrayList<String> list=new MyArrayList<>();list.add("java1");list.add("java2");String ele= list.get(1);System.out.println(ele);}
}

public class MyArrayList<E> {public boolean add(E e){return true;}public E get(int index){return null;}
}

泛型接口

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {}
}

public class Teacher {
}

public class Student {
}

import java.util.ArrayList;public interface Data<T> {void add(T t);ArrayList<T> getByName(String name);
}

public class StudentData implements Data<Student>{@Overridepublic void add(Student student) {}@Overridepublic ArrayList<Student> getByName(String name) {return null;}
}

public class TeacherData implements Data<Teacher>{@Overridepublic void add(Teacher teacher) {}@Overridepublic ArrayList<Teacher> getByName(String name) {return null;}
}

泛型方法、泛型的通配符和上下限

import java.util.ArrayList;public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {String rs=test("java");System.out.println(rs);Dog d=test(new Dog());System.out.println(d);ArrayList<CAr> cars=new ArrayList<>();cars.add(new BENZ());cars.add(new BMW());go(cars);//        ArrayList<Dog> dogs=new ArrayList<>();}public static void go(ArrayList<? extends CAr> cars){}public static <T> T test(T t){return t;}
}

通配符：？，代表一切类型

API

API(Application Programming interface) 应用程序编程接口。

简单来说：就是 Java 帮我们已经写好的一些类和方法，我们直接拿过来用就可以了

Object类

所有的类，都直接或者间接的继承了 Object 类（祖宗类）

Object类的方法是一切子类都可以直接使用的，所以我们要学习Object类的方法。

toString存在的意义

父类 toString() 方法存在的意义就是为了被子类重写，以便返回对象的内容信息，而不是地址信息！！

equals存在的意义

父类equals方法存在的意义就是为了被子类重写，以便子类自己来定制比较规则。

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Student s1=new Student("au",23);//System.out.println(s1.toString());System.out.println(s1);Student s2=new Student("au",23);System.out.println(s2.equals(s1));}}

import java.util.Objects;public class Student {private String name;private int age;public Student() {}public Student(String name, int age) {this.name = name;this.age = age;}
//eq@Overridepublic boolean equals(Object o) {if (this == o) return true;if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;Student student = (Student) o;return age == student.age && Objects.equals(name, student.name);}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Student{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +", age=" + age +'}';}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}
}

protected Object clone（）对象克隆

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {User u1=new User(1,"zhangsan","wo666",new double[]{99.0,99.5});System.out.println(u1.getId());System.out.println(u1.getUsername());System.out.println(u1.getPassword());System.out.println(u1.getScores());User u2=(User)u1.clone();System.out.println(u2.getId());System.out.println(u2.getUsername());System.out.println(u2.getPassword());System.out.println(u2.getScores());}}

//Cloneable是一个标记接口
public class User implements Cloneable{private int id;private String username;private String password;private double[] scores;public User() {}public User(int id, String username, String password, double[] scores) {this.id = id;this.username = username;this.password = password;this.scores = scores;}
//clone@Overrideprotected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {return super.clone();}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public double[] getScores() {return scores;}public void setScores(double[] scores) {this.scores = scores;}
}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {String s1="auc";String s2=null;System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));//错误System.out.println(Objects.equals(s1,s2));System.out.println(Objects.isNull(s1));//falseSystem.out.println(Objects.nonNull(s2));//true}
}

包装类

包装类就是吧基本类型的数据包装成对象

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Integer a2=Integer.valueOf(12);System.out.println(a2);Integer a3=12;int a4=a3;ArrayList<Integer> list=new ArrayList<>();list.add(12);int rs= list.get(1);}
}

    System.out.println("---------------------------");Integer a=23;String rs1=Integer.toString(a);System.out.println(rs1+1);String rs2=a.toString();System.out.println(rs2+1);String agsStr="29";int ageI=Integer.parseInt(agsStr);System.out.println(ageI+1);String scoreStr="99.5";
//        double score=Double.parseDouble(scoreStr);double score=Double.valueOf(scoreStr);System.out.println(score+0.5);

StringBuilder

● StringBuilder 代表可变字符串对象，相当于是一个容器，它里面装的字符串是可以改变的，就是用来操作字符串的。

●好处： StringBuilder 比 String 更适合做字符串的修改操作，效率会更高，代码也会更简洁。

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {StringBuilder s=new StringBuilder("auc");//拼接内容s.append(12);s.append("n");s.append(true);s.append(666).append("xxx").append(2323);System.out.println(s);//反转s.reverse();System.out.println(s);//长度System.out.println(s.length());//把对象转成String类型String rs=s.toString();System.out.println(rs);}
}

StringBuffer

线性安全，同StringBuffer功能相同

案例：用于返回任意整形数组的内容，要求返回的数组内容格式如：【11，22，33】

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println(getArrayData(new int[]{11, 22, 33}));}public static String getArrayData(int[] arr){if(arr==null){return null;}StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();sb.append("[");for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {if(i==arr.length-1){sb.append(arr[i]);}else {sb.append(arr[i]).append(",");}}sb.append("]");return sb.toString();}
}

StringJoiner

提供字符串的操作效率，代码更简洁

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {StringJoiner s=new StringJoiner(",","[","]");s.add("java1");s.add("java2");s.add("java3");System.out.println(s);}
}

Math、System、Runtime

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println(Math.abs(-12));System.out.println(Math.abs(-3.14));System.out.println(Math.ceil(4.00000001));System.out.println(Math.ceil(4.0));System.out.println(Math.floor(4.9999999));System.out.println(Math.floor(4.0));System.out.println(Math.round(3.4999));System.out.println(Math.round(4.50001));System.out.println(Math.max(10, 20));System.out.println(Math.min(10, 20));System.out.println(Math.pow(2, 3));System.out.println(Math.pow(3, 2));System.out.println(Math.random());//{0.0,1.0)}
}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {
//        System.exit(0);System.out.println("--------------------");long time=System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println(time);for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {System.out.println("输出了"+i);}long time2=System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println((time2-time)/1000.0+"s");}
}

Runtime

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {Runtime r=Runtime.getRuntime();System.out.println(r.availableProcessors());System.out.println(r.totalMemory()/1024.0/1024.0+"MB");System.out.println(r.freeMemory()/1024.0/1024.0+"MB");}
}

BigDecimal

解决浮点运算问题

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {double a=0.1;double b=0.2;double c=a+b;System.out.println(c);System.out.println("-------------------");
//
//        BigDecimal a1=new BigDecimal(Double.toHexString(a));
//        BigDecimal b1=new BigDecimal(Double.toHexString(b));BigDecimal a1=BigDecimal.valueOf(a);BigDecimal b1=BigDecimal.valueOf(b);BigDecimal c1=a1.add(b1);System.out.println(c1);BigDecimal i=BigDecimal.valueOf(0.1);BigDecimal j=BigDecimal.valueOf(0.3);BigDecimal k=i.divide(j,2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP);System.out.println(k);double rs=k.doubleValue();System.out.println(rs);}
}

Date

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {Date d=new Date();System.out.println(d);long time=d.getTime();System.out.println(time);time+=2*1000;//把时间毫秒值转换成日期对象，2s之后时间是多少Date d2=new Date(time);System.out.println(d2);Date d3=new Date();d3.setTime(time);System.out.println(d3);}
}

SimpleDateFormat

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ParseException {Date d=new Date();System.out.println(d);long time=d.getTime();System.out.println(time);SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss EEE a");String rs=sdf.format(d);System.out.println(rs);System.out.println("--------------------------");//解析字符串时间String dateStr="2022-12-12 12:12:11";SimpleDateFormat sdf2=new SimpleDateFormat("YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");Date d2=sdf2.parse(dateStr);System.out.println(d2);}
}

1、SimpleDateFormat 代表什么，有什么作用？

可以把日期对象格式化成我们想要的形式；

可以把字符串的时间形式解析成Date日期对象。

2、SimpleDateFormat 的对象如何创建？

public SimpleDateFormat(String pattern)

3、SimpleDateFormat 格式化，以及解析时间的方法是哪些？

public final String format(Date d):格式化日期对象

public Date parse(String source)：解析字符串时间

案例：时间秒杀活动

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ParseException {String start="2023年11月11日 0:0:0";String end="2023年11月11日 0:10:0";String xj="2023年11月11日 0:01:18";String xp="2023年11月11日 0:10:57";SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss");Date startDt=sdf.parse(start);Date endDt=sdf.parse(end);Date xjDt=sdf.parse(xj);Date xpDt=sdf.parse(xp);long startTime=startDt.getTime();long endTime= endDt.getTime();long xjTime= xjDt.getTime();long xpTime= xpDt.getTime();if(xjTime>=startTime && xjTime<=endTime){System.out.println("小贾秒杀成功~~");}else {System.out.println("小贾秒杀失败~~");}if(xpTime>=startTime && xpTime<=endTime){System.out.println("小皮秒杀成功~~");}else {System.out.println("小皮秒杀失败~~");}}
}

Calendar

代表的是系统此刻时间对应的日历，通过它可以单独获取、修改时间中的年、月、日、时、分、秒等。

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Calendar now=Calendar.getInstance();System.out.println(now);int year=now.get(Calendar.YEAR);System.out.println(year);Date d=now.getTime();System.out.println(d);long time=now.getTimeInMillis();System.out.println(time);now.set(Calendar.MONTH,9);System.out.println(now);now.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR,100);System.out.println(now);}
}

JDK8新增时间API

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {LocalDate ld=LocalDate.now();System.out.println(ld);int year=ld.getYear();int month=ld.getMonthValue();int day=ld.getDayOfMonth();int dayOfyear=ld.getDayOfYear();//一年中的第几天int dayOfWeek=ld.getDayOfWeek().getValue();System.out.println(year);System.out.println(day);System.out.println(dayOfWeek);LocalDate ld2=ld.withYear(2099);System.out.println(ld2);System.out.println(ld);LocalDate ld4=ld.plusYears(2);LocalDate ld6=LocalDate.of(2099,12,12);}
}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {ZoneId zoneId=ZoneId.systemDefault();System.out.println(zoneId.getId());System.out.println(ZoneId.getAvailableZoneIds());ZoneId zoneId1=ZoneId.of("America/El_Salvador");ZonedDateTime now=ZonedDateTime.now(zoneId1);System.out.println(now);ZonedDateTime now1=ZonedDateTime.now(Clock.systemUTC());System.out.println(now1);ZonedDateTime now2=ZonedDateTime.now();System.out.println(now2);}
}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Instant now=Instant.now();long second=now.getEpochSecond();System.out.println(second);int nano=now.getNano();System.out.println(nano);System.out.println(now);Instant instant=now.plusNanos(111);}
}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {DateTimeFormatter formatter=DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss");LocalDateTime now=LocalDateTime.now();System.out.println(now);String rs= formatter.format(now);System.out.println(rs);String rs2=now.format(formatter);System.out.println(rs2);String dateStr="2029年12月12日 12:12:12";LocalDateTime ldt=LocalDateTime.parse(dateStr,formatter);System.out.println(ldt);}
}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {LocalDate start=LocalDate.of(2029,8,10);LocalDate end=LocalDate.of(2029,8,15);Period period=Period.between(start,end);System.out.println(period.getYears());System.out.println(period.getMonths());System.out.println(period.getDays());}
}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {LocalDateTime start=LocalDateTime.of(2025,11,11,11,10,10);LocalDateTime end=LocalDateTime.of(2025,11,11,11,11,11);Duration duration=Duration.between(start,end);System.out.println(duration.toDays());System.out.println(duration.toHours());System.out.println(duration.toMinutes());System.out.println(duration.toSeconds());}
}

Arrays

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {int[] arr = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60};System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));int[] arr2=Arrays.copyOfRange(arr,1,4);System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr2));int[] arr3=Arrays.copyOf(arr,10);System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr3));double[] prices={99.8,128,100};Arrays.setAll(prices, new IntToDoubleFunction() {@Overridepublic double applyAsDouble(int value) {return prices[value]*0.8;}});System.out.println(Arrays.toString(prices));}}

Lambda表达式

public class Lambda {public static void main(String[] args) {Swimming s=() -> {System.out.println("学生快乐的游泳~~~");};s.swim();}
}
interface Swimming{void swim();
}

方法引用

算法

冒泡排序

public class Test1 {public static void main(String[] args) {int [] arr={5,2,3,1};for (int i = 0; i < arr.length-1; i++) {for (int j = 0; j < arr.length-i-1; j++) {if(arr[j]>arr[j+1]){int temp=arr[j+1];arr[j+1]=arr[j];arr[j]=temp;}}}System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));}
}

选择排序

public class Test1 {public static void main(String[] args) {int [] arr={5,2,3,1};for (int i = 0; i < arr.length-1; i++) {for (int j = i+1; j < arr.length; j++) {if(arr[i]>arr[j]){int temp=arr[i];arr[i]=arr[j];arr[j]=temp;}}}System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));}
}

二分查找

public class Test1 {public static void main(String[] args) {int[] arr={7,23,79,81,103,127,131,147};System.out.println(binarySearch(arr,81));}public static int binarySearch(int[] arr,int data){int left=0;int right=arr.length-1;while (left<=right){int middle=(left+right)/2;if(data<arr[middle]){right=middle-1;} else if (data>arr[middle]) {left=middle+1;}else {return middle;}}return -1;}
}

正则表达式

校验数据是否合法

public class Test1 {public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println(checkQQ(null));System.out.println(checkQQ("3435556545"));}public static boolean checkQQ(String qq){return qq!=null && qq.matches("[1-9]\\d{5,19}");}
}

应用案例

校验用户输入的电话，邮箱，时间是否合法

public class Test1 {public static void main(String[] args) {checkPhone();}public static void checkPhone() {while (true) {System.out.println("请输入您的电话号码（手机|座机）：");Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);String phone = sc.nextLine();if (phone.matches("(1[3-9]\\d{9})|(0\\d{2,7}-?[1-9]\\d{4,19})")) {System.out.println("您输入的号码格式正确~~~");break;} else {System.out.println("你输入的号码格式不正确~~~");}}}

public static void checkEmail() {while (true) {System.out.println("请输入您的邮箱：");Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);String emial = sc.nextLine();if (emial.matches("\\w{2,}@\\w{2,20}(\\.\\w{2,10}){1,2}")) {System.out.println("您输入的邮箱格式正确~~~");break;} else {System.out.println("你输入的邮箱格式不正确~~~");}}}

public class Test1 {public static void main(String[] args) {String s1="古力娜扎ai888888迪丽热巴999a876马儿扎哈4345434rf";System.out.println(s1.replaceAll("\\w+", "-"));}
}

异常

异常体系

1.异常是什么？

异常是代码在编译或者执行的过程中可能出现的错误。

2.异常的体系结构 ?

Throwable

Error : 严重级别问题, 通常跟系统有关

Exception : 异常类, 程序常见的错误

3.Exception的分类 ?

l编译时异常、运行时异常。

l编译时异常：没有继承 RuntimeExcpetion 的异常，编译阶段就会出错。

l运行时异常：继承自 RuntimeException的异常或其子类

编译阶段不报错，运行可能报错

异常的处理方式

异常的默认处理流程

①虚拟机会在出现异常的代码那里自动的创建一个异常对象：ArithmeticException

②异常会从方法中出现的点这里抛出给调用者，调用者最终抛出给JVM虚拟机

③虚拟机接收到异常对象后，先在控制台直接输出异常信息数据

④终止 Java 程序的运行

⑤后续代码没有机会执行了，因为程序已经噶了

自定义异常

自定义异常的分类

1、自定义编译时异常

定义一个异常类继承Exception.

重写构造器

2、自定义运行时异常

定义一个异常类继承RuntimeException.

重写构造器。

public class ExceptionTest2 {public static void main(String[] args) {try {saveAge(160);System.out.println("底层执行成功");} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();System.out.println("底层执行失败");}}public static void saveAge(int age){if(age>0 && age<150){System.out.println("年龄被成功保存："+age);}else {throw  new AgellegalRuntimeException("/age is illegal,your age is "+age);}}
}

public class AgellegalRuntimeException extends RuntimeException{public AgellegalRuntimeException() {}public AgellegalRuntimeException(String message) {super(message);}
}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {while (true) {try {System.out.println(getMoney());break;} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("请您输入合法的数字！");}}}public static double getMoney(){Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);while (true){System.out.println("请您输入合法的价格：");double money=sc.nextDouble();if(money>=0){return money;}else {System.out.println("您输入的价格是不合法的！");}}}}

集合

ublic class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {ArrayList<String> list=new ArrayList<>();list.add("java1");list.add("java2");list.add("java1");list.add("java2");System.out.println(list);HashSet<String> set=new HashSet<>();set.add("java1");set.add("java2");set.add("java1");set.add("java2");set.add("java3");System.out.println(set);}}

collection的常用方法

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Collection<String> c=new ArrayList<>();c.add("java1");c.add("java2");c.add("java1");c.add("java2");c.add("java3");System.out.println(c);//        c.clear();
//        System.out.println(c);System.out.println(c.isEmpty());System.out.println(c.size());System.out.println(c.contains("java1"));System.out.println(c.remove("java2"));System.out.println(c);Object[] arr=c.toArray();System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));String[] arr2=c.toArray(new String[c.size()]);System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr2));System.out.println("------------------------");Collection<String> c1=new ArrayList<>();c1.add("java1");c1.add("java2");Collection<String> c2=new ArrayList<>();c2.add("java3");c2.add("java4");c1.addAll(c2);System.out.println(c1);System.out.println(c2);}
}

Collection的遍历方式

迭代器

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Collection<String> c=new ArrayList<>();c.add("ad");c.add("ac");c.add("au");c.add("aq");Iterator<String> it=c.iterator();while (it.hasNext()){String ele=it.next();System.out.println(ele);}}
}

增强for循环

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Collection<String> c=new ArrayList<>();c.add("ad");c.add("ac");c.add("au");c.add("aq");System.out.println(c);for (String ele : c){System.out.println(ele);}}
}

Lambda表达式

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Collection<String> c=new ArrayList<>();c.add("ad");c.add("ac");c.add("au");c.add("aq");System.out.println(c);c.forEach(new Consumer<String>() {@Overridepublic void accept(String s) {System.out.println(s);}});c.forEach((String s) ->{System.out.println(s);});c.forEach(System.out::println);}
}

List集合

特点和方法

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> list=new ArrayList<>();list.add("蜘蛛精");list.add("至尊宝");list.add("至尊宝");list.add("牛夫人");System.out.println(list);list.add(2,"紫霞仙子");System.out.println(list);System.out.println(list.remove(2));System.out.println(list);System.out.println(list.get(3));System.out.println(list.set(3, "牛魔王"));System.out.println(list);}
}

遍历方式

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> list=new ArrayList<>();list.add("蜘蛛精");list.add("至尊宝");list.add("牛夫人");for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {String s=list.get(i);System.out.println(s);}Iterator<String> it=list.iterator();while (it.hasNext()){System.out.println(it.next());}for (String s : list) {System.out.println(s);}list.forEach(s-> {System.out.println(s);});}
}

底层原理

队列

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {LinkedList<String> queue=new LinkedList<>();//入队queue.addLast("1hao");queue.addLast("2hao");queue.addLast("3hao");queue.addLast("4hao");System.out.println(queue);//出队System.out.println(queue.removeFirst());System.out.println(queue.removeFirst());System.out.println(queue.removeFirst());System.out.println(queue);}
}

队列：先进先出，后进后出。

栈

  LinkedList<String> stack=new LinkedList<>();//压栈stack.addFirst("ike");stack.addFirst("2ke");stack.push("3ke");stack.addFirst("4ke");System.out.println(stack);//出栈System.out.println(stack.removeFirst());System.out.println(stack.removeFirst());System.out.println(stack);

栈：后进先出，先进后出。

Set集合

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Set<Integer> set=new HashSet<>();set.add(666);set.add(555);set.add(555);set.add(888);set.add(777);System.out.println(set);}
}

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Set<Integer> set=new TreeSet<>();set.add(666);set.add(555);set.add(555);set.add(888);set.add(777);System.out.println(set);}
}

HashSet底层原理

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {Student s1=new Student("蜘蛛精",25,169.5);Student s2=new Student("紫霞",22,166.5);System.out.println(s1.hashCode());System.out.println(s1.hashCode());System.out.println(s2.hashCode());}
}

若想去除重复项，则需重写hashCode()和equals()方法

  @Overridepublic boolean equals(Object o) {if (this == o) return true;if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;Student student = (Student) o;return age == student.age && Double.compare(height, student.height) == 0 && Objects.equals(name, student.name);}@Overridepublic int hashCode() {return Objects.hash(name, age, height);}

LinkedHashSet底层原理

TreeSet集合底层原理

 Set<Integer> set1=new TreeSet<>();set1.add(6);set1.add(5);set1.add(5);set1.add(7);System.out.println(set1);

       Set<Student> students=new TreeSet<>();students.add(new Student("蜘蛛精",25,169.5));students.add(new Student("紫霞",22,166.5));students.add(new Student("至尊宝",26,165.5));System.out.println(students);

public class Student implements Comparator<Student> {private String name;private int age;private double height;public int compareTo(Student o){return this.age-o.age;}@Overridepublic int compare(Student o1, Student o2) {return 0;}

 Set<Student> students=new TreeSet<>(new Comparator<Student>() {@Overridepublic int compare(Student o1, Student o2) {return Double.compare(o1.getHeight(),o2.getHeight());}});

并发异常问题

  Iterator<String> it=list.iterator;while (it.hasNext()){String name=it.next();if(name.contains("李")){it.remove();}}

集合（二）

前置知识

可变参数

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {test();test(10);test(10,20,30);test(new int[]{10,20,30,40});}public static void test(int...nums){System.out.println(nums.length);System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums));System.out.println("----------------------------");}
}

Collestions

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> names=new ArrayList<>();Collections.addAll(names,"小明","小红","小芳");System.out.println(names);Collections.shuffle(names);System.out.println(names);List<Student> students=new ArrayList<>();students.add(new Student("蜘蛛精",25,169.5));students.add(new Student("紫霞",22,166.5));students.add(new Student("至尊宝",26,165.5));//Collections.sort(students);Collections.sort(students, new Comparator<Student>() {@Overridepublic int compare(Student o1, Student o2) {return Double.compare(o1.getHeight(),o2.getHeight());}});System.out.println(students);}
}

综合案例斗地主

public class GameDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {Room m=new Room();m.start();}
}

package collection_d1;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;public class Room {private List<Card> allCards=new ArrayList<>();public Room(){String[] numbers={"3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","J","Q","K","A","2"};String[] colors={"♠","♥","♣","♦"};int size=0;for (String number : numbers) {size++;for (String color : colors) {Card c=new Card(number,color,size);allCards.add(c);}}Card c1=new Card("","🃏",++size);Card c2=new Card("","😡",++size);Collections.addAll(allCards,c1,c2);System.out.println("新牌："+allCards);}public void start(){Collections.shuffle(allCards);System.out.println("洗牌后："+allCards);List<Card> Keberan=new ArrayList<>();List<Card> Jorden=new ArrayList<>();List<Card> LebulanJim=new ArrayList<>();for (int i = 0; i < allCards.size(); i++) {Card c=allCards.get(i);if(i%3==0){Keberan.add(c);} else if (i%3==1) {Jorden.add(c);}else if (i%3==2){LebulanJim.add(c);}}sortCards(Keberan);sortCards(Jorden);sortCards(LebulanJim);System.out.println("Kobe:"+Keberan);System.out.println("Jorden:"+Jorden);System.out.println("Zmusi:"+LebulanJim);List<Card> lastThreeCards=allCards.subList(allCards.size()-3,allCards.size());System.out.println("底牌："+lastThreeCards);Keberan.addAll(lastThreeCards);sortCards(Keberan);System.out.println("Kebe抢到地主后："+Keberan);}private void sortCards(List<Card> cards) {Collections.sort(cards, new Comparator<Card>() {@Overridepublic int compare(Card o1, Card o2) {return o2.getSize()-o1.getSize();}});}
}

package collection_d1;public class Card {private String number;private String color;private int size;public Card() {}public Card(String number, String color, int size) {this.number = number;this.color = color;this.size = size;}public String getNumber() {return number;}public void setNumber(String number) {this.number = number;}public String getColor() {return color;}public void setColor(String color) {this.color = color;}public int getSize() {return size;}public void setSize(int size) {this.size = size;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return color+number;}
}

Map集合

   public static void main(String[] args) {Map<String,Integer> map=new HashMap<>();map.put("手表",100);map.put("手表",220);map.put("手机",2);map.put("Java",2);map.put(null,null);System.out.println(map);}

 public static void main(String[] args) {Map<String,Integer> map=new LinkedHashMap<>();map.put("手表",100);map.put("手表",220);map.put("手机",2);map.put("Java",2);map.put(null,null);System.out.println(map);}

常用方法

public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {Map<String,Integer> map=new HashMap<>();map.put("手表",100);map.put("手表",220);map.put("手机",2);map.put("Java",2);map.put(null,null);System.out.println(map);System.out.println(map.size());map.clear();System.out.println(map);System.out.println(map.isEmpty());System.out.println(map.get("手机"));System.out.println(map.remove("手表"));System.out.println(map);System.out.println(map.containsKey("手表"));System.out.println(map.containsKey("手机"));System.out.println(map.containsValue(2));Set<String> keys= map.keySet();System.out.println(keys);Collection<Integer> values=map.values();System.out.println(values);Map<String,Integer> map1=new HashMap<>();map1.put("java1",10);map1.put("java2",20);Map<String,Integer> map2=new HashMap<>();map2.put("java3",10);map2.put("java2",222);map1.putAll(map2);System.out.println(map1);System.out.println(map2);}
}

遍历方式

public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {//键找值Map<String,Double> map=new HashMap<>();map.put("蜘蛛精",162.5);map.put("蜘蛛精",169.8);map.put("紫霞",165.8);map.put("至尊宝",169.5);map.put("牛魔王",183.6);System.out.println(map);Set<String> keys=map.keySet();System.out.println(keys);for (String key : keys) {double value=map.get(key);System.out.println(key+"====>"+value);}}
}

public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {//键找值Map<String,Double> map=new HashMap<>();map.put("蜘蛛精",162.5);map.put("蜘蛛精",169.8);map.put("紫霞",165.8);map.put("至尊宝",169.5);map.put("牛魔王",183.6);System.out.println(map);Set<Map.Entry<String, Double>> entries = map.entrySet();for (Map.Entry<String, Double> entry : entries) {String key=entry.getKey();double value=entry.getValue();System.out.println(key+"====>"+value);}}}

public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {//键找值Map<String, Double> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("蜘蛛精", 162.5);map.put("蜘蛛精", 169.8);map.put("紫霞", 165.8);map.put("至尊宝", 169.5);map.put("牛魔王", 183.6);System.out.println(map);map.forEach((k,v) -> {System.out.println(k+"-->"+v);});}}

综合案例

public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> data=new ArrayList<>();String[] selects={"A","B","C","D"};Random r=new Random();for (int i = 0; i < 80; i++) {int index=r.nextInt(4);data.add(selects[index]);}System.out.println(data);Map<String,Integer> result=new HashMap<>();for (String s : data) {if(result.containsKey(s)){result.put(s,result.get(s)+1);}else {result.put(s,1);}}System.out.println(result);}}

HashMap

LinkedHashMap

TreeMap

集合的嵌套

package collection_d1;import java.util.*;public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {Map<String,List<String>> map=new HashMap<>();List<String> cities1=new ArrayList<>();Collections.addAll(cities1,"南京市","扬州市","苏州市","无锡市","常州市");map.put("江苏省",cities1);List<String> cities2=new ArrayList<>();Collections.addAll(cities2,"武汉市","孝感市","十堰市","宜昌市","鄂州市");map.put("湖北省",cities2);List<String> cities3=new ArrayList<>();Collections.addAll(cities3,"石家庄市","唐山市","邢台市","保定市","张家口市");map.put("河北省",cities3);System.out.println(map);List<String> cities = map.get("湖北省");for (String city : cities) {System.out.println(city);}map.forEach((p,c) -> {System.out.println(p+"--->"+c);});}}

stream流

public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> names=new ArrayList<>();Collections.addAll(names,"1科比","2詹姆斯","1库里");System.out.println(names);List<String> list2=names.stream().filter(s -> s.startsWith("1")).filter(a -> a.length()==3).collect(Collectors.toList());System.out.println(list2);}}

常用方法

public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {List<String> names=new ArrayList<>();Collections.addAll(names,"张三丰","张无忌","周芷若","赵敏","张强");Stream<String> stream = names.stream();Set<String> set=new HashSet<>();Collections.addAll(set,"刘德华","张曼玉","蜘蛛精","马德","德玛西亚");Stream<String> stream1 = names.stream();stream1.filter(s -> s.contains("德")).forEach(s -> System.out.println(s));Map<String,Double> map=new HashMap<>();map.put("古力娜扎",172.3);map.put("迪丽热巴",168.3);map.put("马儿扎哈",166.3);map.put("卡尔扎巴",168.3);Set<String> keys = map.keySet();Stream<String> ks=keys.stream();Collection<Double> values=map.values();Stream<Double> vs=values.stream();Set<Map.Entry<String,Double>> entries=map.entrySet();Stream<Map.Entry<String, Double>> kvs = entries.stream();kvs.filter(e ->e.getKey().contains("巴")).forEach(e -> System.out.println(e.getKey()+"-->"+e.getValue()));String[] names2={"张翠山","东方不败","唐大山","孤独求败"};Stream<String> s1 = Arrays.stream(names2);

public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {List<Student> students=new ArrayList<>();Student s1=new Student("zzj",26,172.5);Student s2=new Student("zzj",26,172.5);Student s3=new Student("zx",23,167.6);Student s4=new Student("bjj",25,169.0);Student s5=new Student("nmw",35,183.3);Student s6=new Student("nfr",34,168.3);Collections.addAll(students,s1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6);students.stream().filter(s->s.getAge()>=23 && s.getAge()<=30).sorted((o1, o2) -> o2.getAge()-o1.getAge()).forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));System.out.println("---------------");students.stream().sorted((o1, o2) -> Double.compare(o2.getHeight(),o1.getHeight())).limit(3).forEach(System.out::println);System.out.println("---------------");students.stream().sorted((o1, o2) -> Double.compare(o2.getHeight(),o1.getHeight())).skip(students.size()-3).forEach(System.out::println);Stream<String> st1 = Stream.of("张三", "李四");Stream<String> st2 = Stream.of("张三2", "李四2","王五");Stream<String> allSt = Stream.concat(st1, st2);allSt.forEach(System.out::println);}}

public class MapTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {List<Student> students=new ArrayList<>();Student s1=new Student("zzj",26,172.5);Student s2=new Student("zzj",26,172.5);Student s3=new Student("zx",23,167.6);Student s4=new Student("bjj",25,169.0);Student s5=new Student("nmw",35,183.3);Student s6=new Student("nfr",34,168.3);Collections.addAll(students,s1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6);long size=students.stream().filter(s-> s.getHeight()>168).count();System.out.println(size);Student s=students.stream().max((o1, o2) -> Double.compare(o1.getHeight(),o2.getHeight())).get();System.out.println(s);}}

 List<Student> students1=students.stream().filter(a->a.getHeight()>170).collect(Collectors.toList());System.out.println(students1);//        Map<String,Double> map=students.stream().filter(a->a.getHeight()>170).distinct()
//                .collect(Collectors.toMap(a->a.getName(),a->a.getHeight()));
//        System.out.println(map);

IO流（一）

File

创建对象

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {File f1=new File("C:\\Users\\Auc\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\pexels-asad-photo-maldives-3601425.jpg");System.out.println(f1.length());System.out.println(f1.exists());}
}

判断文件类型、获取文件信息

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {File f1=new File("C:\\Users\\Auc\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\pexels-asad-photo-maldives-3601425.jpg");System.out.println(f1.exists());System.out.println(f1.isFile());System.out.println(f1.isDirectory());System.out.println(f1.getName());System.out.println(f1.length());long time = f1.lastModified();SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss");System.out.println(sdf.format(time));File f2=new File("D:\\study\\ab.txt");System.out.println(f2.getPath());System.out.println(f2.getAbsolutePath());}
}

创建文件和删除文件

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {File f1=new File("D:\\study\\auc.txt");System.out.println(f1.createNewFile());File f2=new File("D:\\study\\acc\\bcc");System.out.println(f2.mkdirs());System.out.println(f1.delete());System.out.println(f2.delete());}
}

遍历文件夹

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {File f1=new File("D:\\study\\auc.txt");String[] names = f1.list();for (String name : names) {System.out.println(name);}File[] files = f1.listFiles();for (File file : files) {System.out.println(file.getAbsolutePath());}}
}

方法递归

认识递归的形式

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {}//直接方法递归public static void test1(){System.out.println("--test1--");test1();}//间接方法递归public static void test2(){System.out.println("--test2--");test3();}public static void test3(){test2();}
}

算法思想

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args){System.out.println("5的阶乘："+f(5));}public static int f(int n){if(n==1){return 1;}else {return f(n-1)*n;}}
}

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args){System.out.println(f(1));}public static int f(int n){if(n==10){return 1;}else {return 2*f(n+1)+2;}}
}

文件搜索

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {searchFile(new File("c:/"),"QQ.exe");}/*** 去目录下搜素某个文件* @param dir 目录* @param fileName*/public static void searchFile(File dir,String fileName) throws IOException {if(dir==null|| !dir.exists() || dir.isFile()){return;}File[] files = dir.listFiles();if(files!=null && files.length>0){for (File f : files) {if(f.isFile()){if(f.getName().contains(fileName)){System.out.println("找到了"+f.getAbsolutePath());Runtime runtime=Runtime.getRuntime();runtime.exec(f.getAbsolutePath());}}else {searchFile(f,fileName);}}}}
}

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {File dir=new File("E:\\resource");deleteDir(dir);}public static void deleteDir(File dir){if(dir==null || !dir.exists()){return;}if(dir.isFile()){dir.delete();return;}File[] files = dir.listFiles();if(files==null){return;}if(files.length==0){dir.delete();return;}for (File file : files) {if(file.isFile()){file.delete();}else {deleteDir(file);}}dir.delete();}
}

字符集

public class FileTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {String data="a我b";byte[] bytes = data.getBytes();System.out.println(Arrays.toString(bytes));byte[] bytes1 = data.getBytes("GBK");System.out.println(Arrays.toString(bytes1));String s1 = new String(bytes);System.out.println(s1);String s2=new String(bytes1,"GBK");System.out.println(s2);}
}

IO流

public class Test1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {InputStream is=new FileInputStream(("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\itauc"));int b1=is.read();System.out.println(b1);int b2=is.read();System.out.println((char)b2);}
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {InputStream is=new FileInputStream(("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\itauc"));int b;while ((b=is.read())!=-1){System.out.printf((char)b);}
is.close();}

文件字节输入流

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {InputStream is=new FileInputStream(("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\itauc"));byte[] buffer=new byte[3];int len=is.read(buffer);String s = new String(buffer);System.out.println(s);System.out.println("当前的读取字节数："+len);int len1=is.read(buffer);String s1 = new String(buffer,0,len1);System.out.println(s1);System.out.println("当前的读取字节数："+len1);is.close();}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {InputStream is=new FileInputStream(("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\itauc"));byte[] buffer=new byte[3];int len;while ((len= is.read())!=-1){String rs = new String(buffer,0,len);System.out.println(rs);}is.close();}

一次读完全部字节

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {InputStream is=new FileInputStream(("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\itauc"));File f=new File("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\itauc");long size=f.length();byte[] buffer=new byte[(int) size];int len = is.read(buffer);System.out.println(new String(buffer));System.out.println(size);System.out.println(len);is.close();}

byte[] buffer=is.readAllBytes();System.out.println(new String(buffer));

写字节输出

public class Test1 {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream(("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc"),true);os.write(97);os.write('b');byte[] bytes="我爱你中国abc".getBytes();os.write(bytes);os.write(bytes,0,15);os.write("\r\n".getBytes());os.close();}
}

文件复制

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {InputStream is=new FileInputStream("d:/resource/pictures.png");OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream("c:/data/pcitures.png");byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];int len;while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){os.write(buffer,0,len);}os.close();is.close();}

释放资源的方式

 try {System.out.println(10/0);}catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}finally {System.out.println("===finally执行了一次===");}}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {InputStream is =null;OutputStream os=null;try {is = new FileInputStream("d:/resource/pictures.png");os = new FileOutputStream("c:/data/pcitures.png");byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int len;while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {os.write(buffer, 0, len);}} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);} finally {try {if(os!=null)os.close();} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}try {if(is!=null)is.close();} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try (InputStream is = new FileInputStream("d:/resource/pictures.png");OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("c:/data/pcitures.png");){byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];int len;while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {os.write(buffer, 0, len);}} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

IO流（二）

字符流

文件字符输入流

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try (FileReader fr = new FileReader("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc");){
//            int c;
//            while ((c=fr.read())!=-1){
//                System.out.print((char) c);
//            }char[] buffer=new char[3];int len;while ((len=fr.read(buffer))!=-1){System.out.print(new String(buffer,0,len));}} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}

文件字符输入流

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try (FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc",true);){fw.write('a');fw.write("我爱你");fw.write("我爱你abcde",0,5);fw.write("\r\n");char[] buffer={'A','u','c',24};fw.write(buffer);fw.write(buffer,0,2);} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

fw.flush();fw.close();

缓冲流

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try (InputStream fr = new FileInputStream("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc");InputStream bis=new BufferedInputStream(fr);OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\itauc");OutputStream bos=new BufferedOutputStream(os);){byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];int len;while ((len=fr.read(buffer))!=-1){System.out.print(new String(buffer,0,len));}System.out.println("复制完成");} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}

try (Reader fr = new FileReader("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc");BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(fr);){char[] buffer=new char[3];int len;while ((len=br.read(buffer))!=-1){System.out.print(new String(buffer,0,len));}//System.out.println(br.readLine());
//            String line;
//            while ((line=br.readLine())!=null){
//                System.out.println(line);
//            }} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try (FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc",true);BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(fw);){bw.write('a');bw.write("我爱你");bw.write("我爱你abcde",0,5);
//            fw.write("\r\n");bw.newLine();} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

转换流

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try(InputStream is=new FileInputStream("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc");Reader isr=new InputStreamReader(is,"GBK");BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);) {String line;while ((line=br.readLine())!=null){System.out.println(line);}} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try(OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream("\"D:\\\\study\\\\java\\\\src\\\\pra\\\\adc.cc\"");Writer osw=new OutputStreamWriter(os,"GBK");BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(osw);) {bw.write("我爱你中国");bw.write("abcd");} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

打印流

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try(PrintStream ps=new PrintStream("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc", Charset.forName("GBK"));) {ps.println("我爱你中国");ps.println(97);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try(PrintWriter ps=new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream("\"D:\\\\study\\\\java\\\\src\\\\pra\\\\auc.cc\"",true));) {ps.println("我爱你中国");ps.println(97);ps.write(97);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

数据流

 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try(DataOutputStream dos=new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc"));) {dos.writeInt(97);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try(DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc"));) {int i=dis.readInt();System.out.println(i);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}}

序列化流

public class User implements Serializable {private String loginName;private String userName;private int age;private String password;public User() {}public User(String loginName, String userName, int age, String password) {this.loginName = loginName;this.userName = userName;this.age = age;this.password = password;}public String getLoginName() {return loginName;}public void setLoginName(String loginName) {this.loginName = loginName;}public String getUserName() {return userName;}public void setUserName(String userName) {this.userName = userName;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try (ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc"));){User u=new User("admin","张三",32,"6688xyz");oos.writeObject(u);} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {try (ObjectInputStream oos = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\auc.cc"));){User u=(User) oos.readObject();System.out.println(u);} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}

IO框架

特殊文件

Properties属性文件

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{Properties properties=new Properties();System.out.println(properties);properties.load(new FileReader("D:\\study\\java\\src\\sac\\src\\users.properties"));System.out.println(properties);System.out.println(properties.getProperty("张无忌"));}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{Properties properties=new Properties();properties.setProperty("张无忌","minmin");properties.store(new FileWriter("D:\\study\\java\\src\\pra\\itauc"),"i saved many users!");}

XML文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!--注释：放在第一行-->
<users><users id="1"><name>张无忌</name><password>minmin</password><data>3&lt;2&amp;&amp;5>4</data></users><users id="2"><name>小明</name><password>1234</password></users>
</users>

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{SAXReader saxReader=new SAXReader();Document document = saxReader.read("D:\\study\\java\\src\\sac\\src\\helloworld.xml");Element root = document.getRootElement();System.out.println(root.getName());List<Element> elements = root.elements();for (Element element : elements) {System.out.println(element.getName());}Element people = root.element("people");System.out.println(people.getText());Element user = root.element("user");System.out.println(user.elementText("name"));System.out.println(user.elementText("password"));}
}

读取数据

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();sb.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?>");sb.append("<name>").append("点点点").append("</name>");BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("properties=app/src/book"));}
}

日志技术

public static final Logger LOGGER= LoggerFactory.getLogger("Tesd");public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{try {LOGGER.info("方法开始执行");}catch (Exception e){LOGGER.error(bug);}

<root level="debug"><appender-ref ref="CONSOLE"/><appender-ref ref="FILE" /></root>

多线程

继承Thread类

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) {Thread t=new MyThread();t.start();for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {System.out.println("主线程输出："+i);}}
}

public class MyThread extends Thread{@Overridepublic void run() {for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {System.out.println("子线程MyThread输出："+i);}}
}

实现Runnable接口

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) {Runnable target=new MyRunnable();new Thread(target).start();for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {System.out.println("主线程输出："+i);}}
}

public class MyRunnable implements Runnable{@Overridepublic void run() {for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {System.out.println("子线程输出："+i);}}
}

Callable接口

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {Callable<String> call = new MyCallable(100);FutureTask<String> f1 = new FutureTask<>(call);new Thread(f1).start();String rs = f1.get();System.out.println(rs);}
}

public class MyCallable implements Callable<String> {private int n;public MyCallable(int n) {this.n = n;}@Overridepublic String call() throws Exception {int sum=0;for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {sum+=i;}return "线程求出了1-"+n+"的和是"+sum;}
}

线程安全

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException{Account acc=new Account(100000,"ICBC-110");new DrawThread(acc,"小明").start();new DrawThread(acc,"小红").start();}
}

public class DrawThread extends Thread{private Account acc;public DrawThread(Account acc,String name){super(name);this.acc=acc;}public void run(){acc.drawMoney(100000);}
}

public class Account {private double money;private String cardId;public double getMoney() {return money;}public void setMoney(double money) {this.money = money;}public String getCardId() {return cardId;}public void setCardId(String cardId) {this.cardId = cardId;}public Account() {}public Account(double money, String cardId) {this.money = money;this.cardId = cardId;}public void drawMoney(double money) {String name=Thread.currentThread().getName();if(this.money>=money){System.out.println(name+"来取钱"+money+"成功！");this.money-=money;System.out.println(name+"来取钱后，余额剩余："+this.money);}else {System.out.println(money+"来取钱，余额不足");}}
}

线程同步

同步代码块

 synchronized (this) {if(this.money>=money){System.out.println(name+"来取钱"+money+"成功！");this.money-=money;System.out.println(name+"来取钱后，余额剩余："+this.money);}else {System.out.println(name+"来取钱，余额不足");}}

同步方法

public synchronized void drawMoney(double money) {String name=Thread.currentThread().getName();if(this.money>=money){System.out.println(name+"来取钱"+money+"成功！");this.money-=money;System.out.println(name+"来取钱后，余额剩余："+this.money);}else {System.out.println(name+"来取钱，余额不足");}}

Lock锁

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;public class Account {private double money;private String cardId;private final Lock lk=new ReentrantLock();public double getMoney() {return money;}public void setMoney(double money) {this.money = money;}public String getCardId() {return cardId;}public void setCardId(String cardId) {this.cardId = cardId;}public Account() {}public Account(double money, String cardId) {this.money = money;this.cardId = cardId;}public  void drawMoney(double money) {String name=Thread.currentThread().getName();lk.lock();try {if(this.money>=money){System.out.println(name+"来取钱"+money+"成功！");this.money-=money;System.out.println(name+"来取钱后，余额剩余："+this.money);}else {System.out.println(name+"来取钱，余额不足");}} finally {lk.unlock();}}
}

线程池

创建线程池

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException{//public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,//                              int maximumPoolSize,//                              long keepAliveTime,//                              TimeUnit unit,//                              BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,//                              ThreadFactory threadFactory,//                              RejectedExecutionHandler handler)ExecutorService pool=new ThreadPoolExecutor(3,5,8, TimeUnit.SECONDS,new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(4),Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());}
}

线程池处理Runnable任务

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException{ExecutorService pool=new ThreadPoolExecutor(3,5,8, TimeUnit.SECONDS,new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(4),Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());Runnable target=new MyRunnable();pool.execute(target);pool.execute(target);pool.execute(target);pool.execute(target);pool.execute(target);pool.shutdown();}
}

public class MyRunnable implements Runnable{@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"==>输出666");try {Thread.sleep(1000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}
}

线程池处理Callable任务

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {ExecutorService pool=new ThreadPoolExecutor(3,5,8, TimeUnit.SECONDS,new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(4),Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());Future<String> f1 = pool.submit(new Mycallable(100));Future<String> f2 = pool.submit(new Mycallable(200));Future<String> f3 = pool.submit(new Mycallable(300));Future<String> f4 = pool.submit(new Mycallable(400));System.out.println(f1.get());System.out.println(f2.get());System.out.println(f3.get());System.out.println(f4.get());}
}

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;public class Mycallable implements Callable<String> {private int n;public Mycallable(int n) {this.n = n;}@Overridepublic String call() throws Exception {int sum=0;for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {sum+=i;}return Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程求出了1-"+n+"的和是"+sum;}
}

Executors工具类实现线程池

 ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);

网络通信

网络通信三要素

public class Tesd {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {InetAddress ip1 = Inet4Address.getLocalHost();System.out.println(ip1.getHostName());System.out.println(ip1.getHostAddress());InetAddress ip2 = Inet4Address.getByName("www.baidu.com");System.out.println(ip2.getHostName());System.out.println(ip2.getHostAddress());System.out.println(ip2.isReachable(6000));}
}

UDP通信

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.Inet4Address;
import java.net.InetAddress;public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1、创建客户端对象DatagramSocket socket=new DatagramSocket();//2、创建数据包对象封装发出去byte[] bytes="我是客户端".getBytes();DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length, InetAddress.getLocalHost(),6666);//3、开始发送数据包的数据socket.send(packet);System.out.println("客户端数据发送完毕~");socket.close();}
}

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;public class Sever {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {System.out.println("----服务端启动-----");//1、创建一个服务端对象注册端口DatagramSocket scoket=new DatagramSocket(6666);//2、创建一个数据包对象，用于接收数据byte[] buffer=new byte[1024*64];DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length);//3、开始正式使用数据包来接收客户端发来的数据scoket.receive(packet);//4、从字节数组中，把接收到的数据直接打印出来int len = packet.getLength();String rs=new String(buffer,0,len);System.out.println(rs);}
}

多发多收

public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1、创建客户端对象DatagramSocket socket=new DatagramSocket();Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);//2、创建数据包对象封装发出去while (true) {System.out.println("请说：");String msg=sc.nextLine();if("exit".equals(msg)){System.out.println("欢迎下次光临！退出成功");socket.close();break;}byte[] bytes=msg.getBytes();DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length, InetAddress.getLocalHost(),6666);//3、开始发送数据包的数据socket.send(packet);}}
}

public class Sever {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {System.out.println("----服务端启动-----");//1、创建一个服务端对象注册端口DatagramSocket scoket=new DatagramSocket(6666);//2、创建一个数据包对象，用于接收数据byte[] buffer=new byte[1024*64];DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length);while (true) {//3、开始正式使用数据包来接收客户端发来的数据scoket.receive(packet);//4、从字节数组中，把接收到的数据直接打印出来int len = packet.getLength();String rs=new String(buffer,0,len);System.out.println(rs);System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());System.out.println(packet.getPort());System.out.println("-----------------");}}
}

TCP通信

public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1、创建socket对象，并同时请求与服务端程序的连接Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);//2、从Socket通信管道中得到一个字节输出流，用来发数据给服务端程序OutputStream os=socket.getOutputStream();//3、把低级的字节输出流包装成数据输出流DataOutputStream dos=new DataOutputStream(os);//4、开始写数据出去dos.writeUTF("在一起");dos.close();socket.close();}
}

public class Sever {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {System.out.println("----服务端启动成功----");//1、创建SeverSocket的对象，同时为服务端注册窗口ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(8888);//2、使用severSocket对象，调用一个accept方法，等待客户端的连接请求Socket socket=serverSocket.accept();//3、从socket通信管道中得到一个字节输入流InputStream is=socket.getInputStream();//4、把原始的字节输入流包装成数据输入流DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(is);//5、使用数据输入读取客户端发送过来的消息String rs=dis.readUTF();System.out.println(rs);System.out.println(socket.getRemoteSocketAddress());dis.close();socket.close();}
}

多发多收

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Scanner;public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1、创建socket对象，并同时请求与服务端程序的连接Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);//2、从Socket通信管道中得到一个字节输出流，用来发数据给服务端程序OutputStream os=socket.getOutputStream();//3、把低级的字节输出流包装成数据输出流DataOutputStream dos=new DataOutputStream(os);Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);while (true) {System.out.println("请说：");String msg=sc.nextLine();if("exit".equals(msg)){System.out.println("欢迎你下次光临！退出成功！");dos.close();socket.close();break;}//4、开始写数据出去dos.writeUTF(msg);dos.flush();}}
}

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.*;public class Sever {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {System.out.println("----服务端启动成功----");//1、创建SeverSocket的对象，同时为服务端注册窗口ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(8888);//2、使用severSocket对象，调用一个accept方法，等待客户端的连接请求Socket socket=serverSocket.accept();//3、从socket通信管道中得到一个字节输入流InputStream is=socket.getInputStream();//4、把原始的字节输入流包装成数据输入流DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(is);while (true) {try {//5、使用数据输入读取客户端发送过来的消息String rs=dis.readUTF();System.out.println(rs);} catch (IOException e) {System.out.println(socket.getRemoteSocketAddress()+"离线了");dis.close();socket.close();break;}}}
}

与多个客户端同时通信

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Scanner;public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1、创建socket对象，并同时请求与服务端程序的连接Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);//2、从Socket通信管道中得到一个字节输出流，用来发数据给服务端程序OutputStream os=socket.getOutputStream();//3、把低级的字节输出流包装成数据输出流DataOutputStream dos=new DataOutputStream(os);Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);while (true) {System.out.println("请说：");String msg=sc.nextLine();if("exit".equals(msg)){System.out.println("欢迎你下次光临！退出成功！");dos.close();socket.close();break;}//4、开始写数据出去dos.writeUTF(msg);dos.flush();}}
}

import java.net.*;public class Sever {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {System.out.println("----服务端启动成功----");//1、创建SeverSocket的对象，同时为服务端注册窗口ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(8888);while (true) {//2、使用severSocket对象，调用一个accept方法，等待客户端的连接请求Socket socket=serverSocket.accept();System.out.println("有人上线了："+socket.getRemoteSocketAddress());//3、把这个客户端对应的socket通信管道，交给一个独立的线程负责处理new SeverReaderThread(socket).start();}}
}

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.Socket;public class SeverReaderThread extends Thread{public SeverReaderThread(Socket socket){this.socket=socket;}private Socket socket;@Overridepublic void run() {try {InputStream is=socket.getInputStream();DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(is);while (true){try {String msg= dis.readUTF();System.out.println(msg);} catch (IOException e) {System.out.println("有人下线了："+socket.getRemoteSocketAddress());dis.close();socket.close();break;}}} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}}

综合案例

群聊

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Scanner;public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1、创建socket对象，并同时请求与服务端程序的连接Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);//创建独立的线程，负责随机从socket中接收服务端发送来的消息new ClinetReaderThread(socket).start();//2、从Socket通信管道中得到一个字节输出流，用来发数据给服务端程序OutputStream os=socket.getOutputStream();//3、把低级的字节输出流包装成数据输出流DataOutputStream dos=new DataOutputStream(os);Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);while (true) {System.out.println("请说：");String msg=sc.nextLine();if("exit".equals(msg)){System.out.println("欢迎你下次光临！退出成功！");dos.close();socket.close();break;}//4、开始写数据出去dos.writeUTF(msg);dos.flush();}}
}

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.Socket;public class ClinetReaderThread extends Thread{public ClinetReaderThread(Socket socket){this.socket=socket;}private Socket socket;@Overridepublic void run() {try {InputStream is=socket.getInputStream();DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(is);while (true){try {String msg= dis.readUTF();System.out.println(msg);} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("自己下线了："+socket.getRemoteSocketAddress());dis.close();socket.close();break;}}} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}
}

import java.net.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;public class Sever {public static List<Socket> onLineSocket=new ArrayList<>();public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {System.out.println("----服务端启动成功----");//1、创建SeverSocket的对象，同时为服务端注册窗口ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(8888);while (true) {//2、使用severSocket对象，调用一个accept方法，等待客户端的连接请求Socket socket=serverSocket.accept();onLineSocket.add(socket);System.out.println("有人上线了："+socket.getRemoteSocketAddress());//3、把这个客户端对应的socket通信管道，交给一个独立的线程负责处理new SeverReaderThread(socket).start();}}
}

import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;public class SeverReaderThread extends Thread{public SeverReaderThread(Socket socket){this.socket=socket;}private Socket socket;@Overridepublic void run() {try {InputStream is=socket.getInputStream();DataInputStream dis=new DataInputStream(is);while (true){try {String msg= dis.readUTF();System.out.println(msg);//分发给客户端接收sendMsgToAll(msg);} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("有人下线了："+socket.getRemoteSocketAddress());Sever.onLineSocket.remove(socket);dis.close();socket.close();break;}}} catch (IOException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}private void sendMsgToAll(String msg) throws Exception{//发送给全部在线的管道for (Socket onLineSocket : Sever.onLineSocket) {OutputStream os = onLineSocket.getOutputStream();DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(os);dos.writeUTF(msg);dos.flush();}}}

Java高级

单元测试

public class StringUntil {public static void printNumber(String name){if(name==null){System.out.println(0);return;}System.out.println("名字长度是："+name.length());}public static int getMaxIndex(String data){if(data==null){return -1;}return data.length()-1;}
}

import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;public class StringUtilTest {@Testpublic void testPrintNumber(){StringUntil.printNumber("admin");StringUntil.printNumber(null);}@Testpublic void testGetMaxIndex(){int index1 = StringUntil.getMaxIndex(null);System.out.println(index1);int index2 = StringUntil.getMaxIndex("admin");System.out.println(index2);Assert.assertEquals("方法内部有不过！",4,index2);}
}

常见注解

反射

public class Test1class {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{Class c1= Student.class;System.out.println(c1.getName());System.out.println(c1.getSimpleName());Class c2 = Class.forName("com.au.Student");System.out.println(c1==c2);Student s=new Student();Class c3 = s.getClass();System.out.println(c3==c2);}
}

获取类的构造器

package com.au;import org.junit.Test;import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;public class Test1class {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{@Testpublic void TestGetConstructors(){Class c= Cat.class;Constructor[] constructor = c.getConstructor();for (Constructor constructor : constructor) {System.out.println(constructor.getName()+"-->"+constructor.getParameterTypes());}}}
}