Android14新特性开启前台service服务

1. Android14新特性

1.1. 场景

在Android14（targetSDK=34）系统手机开启前台service服务崩溃

ATAL EXCEPTION: mainProcess: com.inspur.lbrd, PID: 15634java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to create service com.inspur.lbrd.service.KeepAliveService: android.app.MissingForegroundServiceTypeException: Starting FGS without a type  callerApp=ProcessRecord{957facf 15634:com.inspur.lbrd/u0a352} targetSDK=34at android.app.ActivityThread.handleCreateService(ActivityThread.java:5182)at android.app.ActivityThread.-$$Nest$mhandleCreateService(Unknown Source:0)at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2638)at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:108)at android.os.Looper.loopOnce(Looper.java:226)at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:328)at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:9128)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:586)at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1099)Caused by: android.app.MissingForegroundServiceTypeException: Starting FGS without a type  callerApp=ProcessRecord{957facf 15634:com.inspur.lbrd/u0a352} targetSDK=34at android.app.MissingForegroundServiceTypeException$1.createFromParcel(MissingForegroundServiceTypeException.java:53)at android.app.MissingForegroundServiceTypeException$1.createFromParcel(MissingForegroundServiceTypeException.java:49)at android.os.Parcel.readParcelableInternal(Parcel.java:4884)at android.os.Parcel.readParcelable(Parcel.java:4866)at android.os.Parcel.createExceptionOrNull(Parcel.java:3066)at android.os.Parcel.createException(Parcel.java:3055)at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:3038)at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2980)at android.app.IActivityManager$Stub$Proxy.setServiceForeground(IActivityManager.java:7415)at android.app.Service.startForeground(Service.java:775)at com.inspur.lbrd.service.KeepAliveService.setForeground(SourceFile:118)at com.inspur.lbrd.service.KeepAliveService.onCreate(SourceFile:32)at android.app.ActivityThread.handleCreateService(ActivityThread.java:5169)at android.app.ActivityThread.-$$Nest$mhandleCreateService(Unknown Source:0) at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2638) at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:108) at android.os.Looper.loopOnce(Looper.java:226) at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:328) at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:9128) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:586) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1099)

在这里插入图片描述

1.2. 解决方案

1.2.1. 在清单文件AndroidManifest.xml添加权限和配置

 <!-- android14前台常住服务权限--><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_LOCATION" />

  <serviceandroid:name=".service.KeepAliveService"android:foregroundServiceType="location" />

1.2.2. 授权

      if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {// 定位权限requestPermissionLauncher.launch(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);requestPermissionLauncher.launch(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);requestPermissionLauncher.launch(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION);}

    ActivityResultLauncher<String> requestPermissionLauncher= registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission(),result -> {if (result.equals(true)) {//权限获取到之后的动作} else {//权限没有获取到的动作}});

1.2.3. service服务

public class KeepAliveService extends Service {private final String TAG = "szyj_GridTraceS-";public KeepAliveService() {}@Overridepublic void onCreate() {super.onCreate();// 添加常驻通知栏setForeground();// startXcService();}private void startXcService() {try {String patrolStatus = SpUtil.getInstance(this).getString(GridTraceConstant.SP_PATROL_STATUS,GridTraceConstant.SP_PATROL_STATUS_FALSE);//巡查服务已开启if (TextUtils.equals(patrolStatus, GridTraceConstant.SP_PATROL_STATUS_TRUE)) {if (!ServiceUtil.isServiceRunning(this, GridTraceService.class.getName())) {startService(new Intent(this, GridTraceService.class));}} else {//未开启巡查服务if (ServiceUtil.isServiceRunning(this, GridTraceService.class.getName())) {stopService(new Intent(this, GridTraceService.class));}}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}@Overridepublic int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {//可将onStartCommand() 方法的返回值设为 START_STICKY或START_REDELIVER_INTENT ，//该值表示服务在内存资源紧张时被杀死后，在内存资源足够时再恢复。//也可将Service设置为前台服务，这样就有比较高的优先级，在内存资源紧张时也不会被杀掉。return START_STICKY;//return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);}@Overridepublic void onDestroy() {super.onDestroy();// 删除图标stopForeground(true);}@Overridepublic IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");}/*** 添加常驻通知栏*/private void setForeground() {NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);String notificationId = "serviceid";String notificationName = "servicename";int noticeId = 2;Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);//创建NotificationChannelif (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(notificationId,notificationName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);channel.enableLights(true);//设置高亮（选填）channel.setShowBadge(true);//设置角标（选填）//设置锁屏可见（选填）channel.setLockscreenVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PUBLIC);notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);builder.setChannelId(notificationId);}Intent intent = new Intent(KeepAliveService.this, MainActivity.class);PendingIntent pendingIntent;//Android12if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,123, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE);} else {pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,123, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT| PendingIntent.FLAG_MUTABLE);}builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.icon_app).setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.mipmap.icon_app)).setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name))//选填.setContentText(getString(R.string.app_name))//选填.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis()).setContentIntent(pendingIntent);Notification notification = builder.build();startForeground(noticeId, notification);}
}

1.2.4. 启动service服务

  if (!ServiceUtil.isServiceRunning(this, KeepAliveService.class.getName())) {startService(new Intent(this, KeepAliveService.class));}

&emsp；&emsp；判断服务是否开启

public class ServiceUtil {/*** @param context* @param className service后台服务名称* @return* @desc 查询service是否在运行*/public static boolean isServiceRunning(Context context, String className) {ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);List<ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo> serviceList = activityManager.getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE);if (!(serviceList.size() > 0)) {return false;}for (int i = 0; i < serviceList.size(); i++) {ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo serviceInfo = serviceList.get(i);ComponentName serviceName = serviceInfo.service;if (serviceName.getClassName().equals(className)) {return true;}}return false;}
}