python笔记- 发送邮件
依赖：
Python代码实现发送邮件，使用的模块是smtplib、MIMEText，实现代码之前需要导入包：
import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText
使用163邮件发送邮件，具体代码实现如下：
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
'''
发送邮件函数，默认使用163smtp
:param mail_host: 邮箱服务器，16邮箱host: smtp.163.com
:param port: 端口号,163邮箱的默认端口是 25
:param username: 邮箱账号 xx@163.com
:param passwd: 邮箱密码(不是邮箱的登录密码，是邮箱的授权码)
:param recv: 邮箱接收人地址，多个账号以逗号隔开
:param title: 邮件标题
:param content: 邮件内容
:return:
'''
def send_mail(username, passwd, recv, title, content, mail_host='smtp.163.com', port=25):msg = MIMEText(content) # 邮件内容msg['Subject'] = title # 邮件主题msg['From'] = username # 发送者账号msg['To'] = recv # 接收者账号列表smtp = smtplib.SMTP(mail_host, port=port) # 连接邮箱，传入邮箱地址，和端口号，smtp的端口号是25smtp.login(username, passwd) # 登录发送者的邮箱账号，密码# 参数分别是 发送者，接收者，第三个是把上面的发送邮件的 内容变成字符串smtp.sendmail(username, recv, msg.as_string())smtp.quit() # 发送完毕后退出smtpprint('email send success.')
if __name__ == '__main__':email_user = 'xxxx@163.com' # 发送者账号email_pwd = 'xxxxx' # 发送者密码,授权码maillist = 'xxxx@qq.com'title = '测试邮件标题'content = '这里是邮件内容'send_mail(email_user, email_pwd, maillist, title, content)
163邮箱的授权码获取方法如下：
1. 登录163邮箱，点击设置-POP3/SMTP/IMAP,如下：
2. 开启SMTP服务且可以查询SMTP的host地址：
3. 点击客户端授权密码，可以重置授权码：
使用QQ邮件发送邮件，具体代码实现如下：
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
'''
发送邮件函数，默认使用163smtp
:param mail_host: 邮箱服务器，qq邮箱host: smtp.qq.com
:param port: 端口号,qq邮箱的默认端口是: 456
:param username: 邮箱账号 xx@163.com
:param passwd: 邮箱密码(不是邮箱的登录密码，是邮箱的授权码)
:param recv: 邮箱接收人地址，多个账号以逗号隔开
:param title: 邮件标题
:param content: 邮件内容
:return:
'''
#qq邮箱发送邮件
def send_mail(username, passwd, recv, title, content, mail_host='smtp.qq.com', port=456):msg = MIMEText(content) # 邮件内容msg['Subject'] = title # 邮件主题msg['From'] = username # 发送者账号msg['To'] = recv # 接收者账号列表smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, port=port) # 连接邮箱，传入邮箱地址，和端口号，smtp的端口号是25smtp.login(username, passwd) # 登录发送者的邮箱账号，密码# 参数分别是 发送者，接收者，第三个是把上面的发送邮件的 内容变成字符串smtp.sendmail(username, recv, msg.as_string())smtp.quit() # 发送完毕后退出smtpprint('email send success.')
if __name__ == '__main__':email_user = 'xxx@qq.com' # 发送者账号email_pwd = 'WOSHINIGE123' # 发送者密码,授权码maillist = 'xxxx@qq.com'title = '测试邮件标题'content = '这里是邮件内容'send_mail(email_user, email_pwd, maillist, title, content)
多个收件人且带附件：
# import smtplib
# from email.mime.text import MIMEText
# '''
# 发送邮件函数，默认使用163smtp
# :param mail_host: 邮箱服务器，qq邮箱host: smtp.163.com
# :param port: 端口号,qq邮箱的默认端口是: 25
# :param username: 邮箱账号 xx@163.com
# :param passwd: 邮箱密码(不是邮箱的登录密码，是邮箱的授权码)
# :param recv: 邮箱接收人地址，多个账号以逗号隔开
# :param title: 邮件标题
# :param content: 邮件内容
# :return:
# '''
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
#邮箱服务器地址
email_host = 'smtp.163.com'
#发送者
email_user = 'xxxx@163.com'
#授权码
email_pwd = 'WOSHINIGE123'
#多个收件人，使用分号分隔
maillist ='xxxx@qq.com;aaaa@qq.com'
#对多个收件人进行分割，以；为标准，返回结果是list['xxxx@qq.com','aaaa@qq.com']
email_info = maillist.split(';')
#构造一个发附件的邮件内容对象
new_msg = MIMEMultipart()
#邮件正文内容
new_msg.attach(MIMEText('test email.....'))
#邮件主题
new_msg['Subject'] = 'test email'
#邮件发送者
new_msg['From'] = email_user
#邮件接收者，多个收件人的账号使用，连接，传入类型是str
new_msg['To'] = ','.join(email_info)
#打开a.txt读取文本内容
att = MIMEText(open('a.txt').read())
att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
# 发送附件就得这么写,固定格式，filename指定附件的名字
att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="haha.txt"'
new_msg.attach(att)
# 连接邮箱，传入邮箱地址，和端口号，smtp的端口号是25
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(email_host, port=25)
# 发送者的邮箱账号，密码,先登录
smtp.login(email_user, email_pwd)
smtp.sendmail(email_user, email_info, new_msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
print('email send success.')
多个收件人时账号之间使用分号；分割，进行smtp.sendmail（传入的多个收件人类型是list）；new_msg['TO'] = recv，接收的类型是str。
使用类实现邮件的发送，即可发送多人也可发送附件：
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
class SendMail(object):def __init__(self, username, passwd, recv, title, content, file=None, email_host='smtp.163.com', port=25):self.username = usernameself.passwd = passwdself.recv = recvself.title = titleself.content = contentself.file = fileself.email_host = email_hostself.port = portdef send_mail(self):msg = MIMEMultipart()#发送内容的对象if self.file:#处理附件的att = MIMEText(open(self.file, encoding='utf-8').read())att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"'%self.filemsg.attach(att)msg.attach(MIMEText(self.content))#邮件正文的内容msg['Subject'] = self.title # 邮件主题msg['From'] = self.username # 发送者账号#将多个账号'aaa.@qq.com;bbbb@163.com' 以分号分割，分割为listself.recv = self.recv.split(';')if isinstance(self.recv, list):msg['To'] = ','.join(self.recv)else:msg['To'] = self.recv # 接收者账号列表if self.username.endswith('qq.com'): #如果发送者是qq邮箱self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.email_host, port=self.port)else:self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP(self.email_host, port=self.port)#发送邮件服务器的对象self.smtp.login(self.username, self.passwd)try:self.smtp.sendmail(self.username, self.recv, msg.as_string())except Exception as e:print('出错了。。', e)else:print('发送成功！')self.smtp.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':m = SendMail(username='zzzzz@163.com', passwd='xxxxxxx',file='a.txt', recv='xxxxxx@qq.com;xxxxxx@qq.com',title='多个收件人', content='哈哈哈啊哈哈哈哈', email_host='smtp.163.com', port=25)m.send_ma
)
