额,研究过这个的人很多很多,但是我没有很深入的研究过,所以谁也拦不住我去研究研究,然后记录下来······如有雷同··那就雷同了···请多多包涵。
首先是整个项目的结构:
使用到的类:
package reflect.demo;public class Demo {}
package reflect.person;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public @Data class Person {private String name;private int age;public Person(int age) {super();this.age = age;}public Person(String name) {super();this.name = name;}}
package reflect.person1;public interface China {public static final String name = "xxxxx";public static int age = 12;public void sayChina();public void sayHello(String name, int age);
}
package reflect.person1;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Person1 implements China {private String sex;@Overridepublic void sayChina() {System.out.println("hello,china");}@Overridepublic void sayHello(String name, int age) {System.out.println(name + "---" + age);}}
package reflect;import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;public class HelloOriginal {@Getter@Setterprivate static Class<?> demo;static {try {demo = Class.forName("reflect.person1.Person1");} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}
}
1.凡是程序,都以HELLOWORLD来开始,貌似谁也避免不了哩。
package reflect.test1;import reflect.demo.Demo;/*** @author Administrator 通过一个对象获得完整的包名和类名*/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {Demo demo = new Demo();System.out.println(demo.getClass().getName());}
}
这是反射的最最基础的东西了吧,我新建了一个对象,并且通过这个对象来获得它的class,有了class以后,我就可以操作class的相关信息了,这里我打印出了这个class的name属性。
这里就很容易的理解了反射,反射反射就是反过来搞。我们总是通过类来创建对象,而现在我们通过一个特定的对象(有时候我们不知道这个对象所属什么类)获得了它所归属的类的相关信息。
运行结果:
2.创建class对象的三种方式
package reflect.test2;import reflect.demo.Demo;/*** @author Administrator 实例化Class类对象**/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {Class<?> demo1 = null;// Class<?>是一种泛型的表达,意思是Object类及其子类都可以放Class<?> demo2 = null;Class<?> demo3 = null;try {// 一般使用的方式,通过指定特定的名称来创建classdemo1 = Class.forName("reflect.demo.Demo");} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}demo2 = new Demo().getClass();//通过一个对象来获得classdemo3 = Demo.class;//通过类来获得classSystem.out.println("类名称 " + demo1.getName());System.out.println("类名称 " + demo2.getName());System.out.println("类名称 " + demo3.getName());}}
运行结果:
3.通过反射来创建(实例化)一个对象,使用的是无参构造方法。
package reflect.test3;import reflect.person.Person;/*** @author Administrator 通过Class实例化其他类的对象* * 通过无参构造实例化对象*/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {Class<?> demo = null;try {demo = Class.forName("reflect.person.Person");//获得了特定名称的类的class对象} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}Person person = null;try {person = (Person) demo.newInstance();//使用class对象的newInstance()方法就可以创建一个对象了。/*** * * */} catch (InstantiationException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}person.setName("ri");person.setAge(1);System.out.println(person);}
}
4.通过有参的构造方法来构造对象
package reflect.test4;import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;import reflect.person.Person;/*** @author Administrator** 通过Class调用其他类中的构造函数 (也可以通过这种方式通过Class创建其他类的对象)*/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {Class<?> demo = null;try {demo = Class.forName("reflect.person.Person");} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}Person per1 = null;Person per2 = null;Person per3 = null;Person per4 = null;Constructor<?> cons[] = demo.getConstructors();try {per4 = (Person) cons[0].newInstance();per3 = (Person) cons[1].newInstance("ri", 12);per1 = (Person) cons[2].newInstance("dd");per2 = (Person) cons[3].newInstance(12);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}System.out.println(per1);System.out.println(per2);System.out.println(per3);System.out.println(per4);}
}
5.通过反射来获得一个类所实现的接口
package reflect.test5;/*** @author Administrator 返回一个类实现的接口*/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {Class<?> demo = null;try {demo = Class.forName("reflect.person1.Person1");} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}// 获得所有的接口Class<?> intes[] = demo.getInterfaces();for (int i = 0; i < intes.length; i++) {System.out.println("Person1实现的接口:" + intes[i].getName());}}
}
运行结果:
6.通过反射来获得指定类的父类
package reflect.test6;/*** @author Administrator 取得其他类中的父类*/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {Class<?> demo = null;try {demo = Class.forName("reflect.person1.Person1");} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}Class<?> superClass = demo.getSuperclass();System.out.println("继承的父类为" + superClass.getName());}
}
运行结果:
7.通过反射来获得指定类中的构造方法
package reflect.test7;import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;/*** @author Administrator获得其他类中的全部构造函数**/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {Class<?> demo = null;try {demo = Class.forName("reflect.person1.Person1");} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}Constructor<?> cons[] = demo.getConstructors();for (Constructor<?> con : cons) {System.out.println(con);}}
}
8.通过拼装的方式来获得构造方法(本质是获得构造方法的各种信息,我们也可以用在类的各种方法上)
package reflect.test8;import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;import reflect.HelloOriginal;/*** @author Administrator 拼装获得构造方法的全部内容*/
public class Hello extends HelloOriginal {public static void main(String[] args) {Constructor<?>[] cons = getDemo().getConstructors();for (Constructor<?> con : cons) {Class<?>[] pts = con.getParameterTypes();System.out.print("构造方法: ");int mo = con.getModifiers();System.out.print(Modifier.toString(mo) + " ");System.out.print(con.getName());System.out.print("(");for (int i = 0; i < pts.length; i++) {System.out.print(pts[i].getName() + " arg" + i);if (i < pts.length - 1) {System.out.print(",");}}System.out.println("){}");}}
}
9.拼装类中的所有方法的签名
package reflect.test9;import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;import reflect.HelloOriginal;/*** @author Administrator拼接获得类中普通方法的所有内容(方法签名)**/
public class Hello9 extends HelloOriginal {public static void main(String[] args) {/*获得类中的所有方法*/Method[] methods = getDemo().getMethods();for (Method method : methods) {Class<?> returnType = method.getReturnType();/*获得方法的返回类型的class实例*/Class<?>[] pts = method.getParameterTypes();/*获得方法参数的class实例的数组*/int tem = method.getModifiers();/*获得方法的修饰符*/System.out.print(Modifier.toString(tem) + " ");System.out.print(returnType.getName() + " ");System.out.print(method.getName() + "(");for (int i = 0; i < pts.length; i++) {System.out.print(pts[i].getName() + "arg" + i);if (i < pts.length - 1) {System.out.print(",");}}Class<?>[] execs = method.getExceptionTypes();/*获得方法抛出的异常*/if (execs.length > 0) {System.out.print(") throws ");for (int j = 0; j < execs.length; j++) {System.out.print(execs[j].getName() + " ");if (j < execs.length - 1) {System.out.print(",");}}} else {System.out.print(")");}System.out.println("{}");}}
}
10.通过反射获得本类以及继承的属性
package reflect.test10;import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;import reflect.HelloOriginal;/*** @author Administrator取得其他类的全部属性吧**/
public class Hello extends HelloOriginal {public static void main(String[] args) {System.out.println("=================本类全部属性=====================");Field[] fields = getDemo().getDeclaredFields();for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {// 权限修饰符int mo = fields[i].getModifiers();String priv = Modifier.toString(mo);// 属性类型Class<?> type = fields[i].getType();System.out.println(priv + " " + type.getName() + " "+ fields[i].getName() + ";");}System.out.println("===============实现的接口或者父类的属性========================");Field[] fields1 = getDemo().getFields();for (Field filed : fields1) {// 权限修饰符int mo = filed.getModifiers();String priv = Modifier.toString(mo);// 属性类型Class<?> type = filed.getType();System.out.println(priv + " " + type.getName() + " "+ filed.getName() + ";");}}
}
11.通过反射来调用其他类中的方法
package reflect.test11;import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;import reflect.HelloOriginal;/*** @author Administrator 通过反射调用其他类中的方法*/
public class Hello extends HelloOriginal {public static void main(String[] args) {try {Method method = getDemo().getMethod("sayChina");method.invoke(getDemo().newInstance());method = getDemo().getMethod("sayHello", String.class, int.class);method.invoke(getDemo().newInstance(), "34324", 33);} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (SecurityException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (InstantiationException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}
}
12.通过反射调用其他类的get和set方法
package reflect.test12;import java.lang.reflect.Method;import reflect.HelloOriginal;/*** @author Administrator 调用其他类的set和get方法*/
public class Hello extends HelloOriginal {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Object obj = getDemo().newInstance();setter(obj, "Sex", "男", String.class);getter(obj, "Sex");}public static void getter(Object obj, String att) throws Exception {Method method = obj.getClass().getMethod("get" + att);System.out.println(method.invoke(obj));}public static void setter(Object obj, String att, Object value,Class<?> type) throws Exception {Method method = obj.getClass().getMethod("set" + att, type);method.invoke(obj, value);}
}
13.通过反射操作其他类的属性
package reflect.test13;import java.lang.reflect.Field;import reflect.HelloOriginal;
import reflect.person1.Person1;/*** @author Administrator 通过反射操作属性*/
public class Hello extends HelloOriginal {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Object obj = getDemo().newInstance();Field field = getDemo().getDeclaredField("sex");field.setAccessible(true);field.set(obj, "女");System.out.println(((Person1) obj).getSex());}
}
14.通过反射获取并修改数组的信息
package reflect.test14;import java.lang.reflect.Array;import reflect.HelloOriginal;/*** @author Administrator 通过反射获取并修改数组的信息*/
public class Hello extends HelloOriginal {public static void main(String[] args) {int[] tem = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };Class<?> test = tem.getClass().getComponentType();System.out.println("数组类型" + test.getName());System.out.println("数组长度 " + Array.getLength(tem));System.out.println("数组的第一个元素: " + Array.get(tem, 0));Array.set(tem, 0, 100);System.out.println("修改之后数组第一个元素为: " + Array.get(tem, 0));}
}
15.通过反射修改数组的大小
package reflect.test15;import java.lang.reflect.Array;/*** @author Administrator 通过反射修改数组大小*/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {int[] temp = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };int[] newTmep = (int[]) arrayInc(temp, 15);print(newTmep);String[] atr = { "a", "b", "c" };String[] str1 = (String[]) arrayInc(atr, 8);print(str1);}public static Object arrayInc(Object obj, int len) {Class<?> tem = obj.getClass().getComponentType();Object newArr = Array.newInstance(tem, len);int co = Array.getLength(obj);System.arraycopy(obj, 0, newArr, 0, co);return newArr;}public static void print(Object obj) {Class<?> clazz = obj.getClass();if (!clazz.isArray()) {return;}System.out.println("数组长度为----" + Array.getLength(obj));for (int i = 0; i < Array.getLength(obj); i++) {System.out.println(Array.get(obj, i));}}
}
16.通过反射获得类加载器
package reflect.test16;import reflect.person.Person;/*** @author Administrator 获得类加载器*/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {Person person = new Person();System.out.println(person.getClass().getClassLoader().getClass());}
}
17.使用java的代理
package reflect.subject;public interface Subject {public String say(String name, int age);
}
package reflect.subject;public class RealSubject implements Subject {@Overridepublic String say(String name, int age) {return name + " " + age;}}
package reflect.subject;import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;public class MyInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {private Object obj = null;public Object bind(Object obj) {this.obj = obj;return Proxy.newProxyInstance(obj.getClass().getClassLoader(), obj.getClass().getInterfaces(), this);}@Overridepublic Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)throws Throwable {System.out.println(proxy.getClass());return method.invoke(this.obj, args);}}
package reflect.test17;import reflect.subject.MyInvocationHandler;
import reflect.subject.RealSubject;
import reflect.subject.Subject;/*** @author Administrator 动态代理测试*/
public class Hello {public static void main(String[] args) {MyInvocationHandler demo = new MyInvocationHandler();Subject sub = (Subject) demo.bind(new RealSubject());String info = sub.say("xxxxx", 20);System.out.println(info);}
}