检查数据文件的位置如下：

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/marven/system01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/undotbs1.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/sysaux01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/users01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/marven01.dbf

在操作系统上删除数据文件

SQL> !rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/*.dbf

创建表发生报错

SQL> create table test2 as select * from dba_tables;

create table test2 as select * from dba_tables

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1

ORA-01116: error in opening database file 1

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/system01.dbf'

ORA-27041: unable to open file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

SQL> !

这个时候千万不要关闭实例，检查进程dbwr进程的PID：

[oracle@hpserver2 dbs]$ ps -ef|grep dbw

oracle    9451     1  0 17:08 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_marven

[oracle@hpserver2 dbs]$ cd /proc/9451[oracle@hpserver2 ~]$ cd /proc/9451/fd

[oracle@hpserver2 fd]$ ls -lrt

total 0

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 9 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_marven.dat

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 8 -> /u01/app/oracle/admin/marven/bdump/alert_marven.log

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 7 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkinstmarven (deleted)

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 6 -> /u01/app/oracle/admin/marven/bdump/alert_marven.log

l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 5 -> /u01/app/oracle/admin/marven/udump/marven_ora_9443.trc

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 4 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 3 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 24 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 23 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/temp02.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 22 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/marven01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 21 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/users01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 20 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/sysaux01.dbf (deleted)

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 2 -> /dev/null

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 19 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/undotbs1.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 18 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/system01.dbf (deleted)

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 17 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/control03.ctl

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 16 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/control02.ctl

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 15 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/control01.ctl

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 14 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkMARVEN

lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 13 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_marven.dat

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 12 -> /dev/zero

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 11 -> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 10 -> /dev/zero

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 1 -> /dev/null

lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 Jan 30 17:18 0 -> /dev/null

将数据文件复制回去

[oracle@hpserver2 fd]$ cp 23 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/temp02.dbf

[oracle@hpserver2 fd]$ cp 22 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/marven01.dbf

[oracle@hpserver2 fd]$ cp 21 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/users01.dbf

[oracle@hpserver2 fd]$ cp 20 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/sysaux01.dbf

[oracle@hpserver2 fd]$ cp 19 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/undotbs1.dbf

[oracle@hpserver2 fd]$ cp 18 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/marven/system01.dbf

将实例关闭后做介质恢复：

SQL> shutdown immediate

ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel

SQL> SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1610612736 bytes

Fixed Size                  2084296 bytes

Variable Size             385876536 bytes

Database Buffers         1207959552 bytes

Redo Buffers               14692352 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> recover database;

Media recovery complete.

数据库可以正常打开额，当然由于我这测试库几乎无事务，所以不用太多的复制操作即可完成

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.