嵌入式Linux安装Python环境,linux环境下安装python 3

说明：

在linux环境下，都默认安装python 2的环境，由于python3在python2的基础上升级较大，所以安装python 3环境用于使用最新的python 3的语法。

安装过程：

1.下载，上传python 3源码包至服务器

2.解压缩python 3压缩包

[aiprd@hadoop3 softwares]$ lskibana-6.7.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gz Python-3.7.4.tgz zookeeper-3.4.14.tar.gz

[aiprd@hadoop3 softwares]$tar -zxf Python-3.7.4.tgz

[aiprd@hadoop3 softwares]$lskibana-6.7.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gz Python-3.7.4 Python-3.7.4.tgz zookeeper-3.4.14.tar.gz

3.执行配置检查，配置安装路径

[aiprd@hadoop3 Python-3.7.4]$ ./configure --prefix=/home/aiprd/app/python-3.7.4checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checkingfor python3.7... no

checkingforpython3... no

checkingforpython... python

checkingfor --enable-universalsdk... no

checkingfor --with-universal-archs... no

checking MACHDEP... checkingfor --without-gcc... no

checkingfor --with-icc... no

checkingfor gcc... no

checkingfor cc... no

checkingforcl.exe... no

configure: error:in `/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4':

configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in$PATH

See `config.log'for more details

配置检查报错，没有C编译环境。

4.安装gcc软件包

yum install gcc

5.再次执行配置检查，检查通过

6.编译，安装

make && make install

再次报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):

File"/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/runpy.py", line 193, in_run_module_as_main"__main__", mod_spec)

File"/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/runpy.py", line 85, in_run_code

exec(code, run_globals)

File"/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ensurepip/__main__.py", line 5, in sys.exit(ensurepip._main())

File"/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line 204, in_main

default_pip=args.default_pip,

File"/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line 117, in_bootstrap

return _run_pip(args+ [p[0] for p in_PROJECTS], additional_paths)

File"/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line 27, in_run_pip

import pip._internal

zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available

make: *** [install] Error 1

安装zlib-devel软件包

yum install zlib-devel

7.再次编译，安装，报下面的错误

import pip._internal

File"/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/__init__.py", line 40, in File"/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py", line 8, in File"/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py", line 12, in File"/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/commands/__init__.py", line 6, in File"/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/commands/completion.py", line 6, in File"/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 20, in File"/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/download.py", line 37, in File"/tmp/tmpry5ry5rh/pip-19.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py", line 3, in File"/home/aiprd/softwares/Python-3.7.4/Lib/ctypes/__init__.py", line 7, in from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named'_ctypes'

make: *** [install] Error 1

安装libffi-devel软件包

[root@hadoop3 Packages]# yum install libffi-devel -y

Loaded plugins: product-id, subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Setting up Install Process

No package libffi-devel available.

Error: Nothing todo

但是，发现ISO镜像中，没有该软件包

[root@hadoop3 ~]# ls -l

total40

-rw-------. 1 root root 1031 Feb 19 2019 anaconda-ks.cfg-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10475 Feb 19 2019 install.log-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3161 Feb 19 2019 install.log.syslog-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18000 Aug 26 14:56 libffi-devel-3.0.5-3.2.el6.x86_64.rpm

[root@hadoop3~]# rpm -ivh libffi-devel-3.0.5-3.2.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: libffi-devel-3.0.5-3.2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]1:libffi-devel ########################################### [100%]

再次进行编译，安装

makeclean #此处，需要先make clean,然后重新configure，否则即使libffi-devel软件包已经安装，仍然会报错。

./configure --prefix=/home/aiprd/app/python-3.7.4

make && make install

Looking in links: /tmp/tmpr5iivfh5

Collecting setuptools

Collecting pip

Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip

Successfully installed pip-19.0.3 setuptools-40.8.0