若一个类重载了运算符“()”,则该类的对象就成为函数对象。函数对象可以用于标准库算法。函数对象和函数指针很相似,但也有区别。当函数对象使用模板时可以赋值给函数指针。
#include <iostream #include <vector> #include <algorithm> #include <numeric> using namespace std;int sumsquares(int total, int value) {return (total += value*value); }template <class T> void printValue(T first, T last) {for (; first != last; first++){cout << *(first) << " ";}cout << endl; }template <class T> class sumPower { private:int power; public:sumPower(int power) :power(power) {};const T operator()(const T & total, const T &value){T v = value;cout << "the function is called" << endl;for (int i = 1; i < power; i++)v *= value;return (total + v);} };int main() {const int size = 3;int a[] = { 1,2,3 };vector<int> a1(a, a + size);printValue(a1.begin(),a1.end());int result = accumulate(a1.begin(), a1.end(), 0,sumsquares);cout << "1)" << "平方和" << result << endl;sumPower<int> b(4);//每次调用它的函数形参时,它都使用相应的调用操作符result = accumulate(a1.begin(), a1.end(), 0, sumPower<int>(3));cout << "2)" << "立方和" << result << endl;return 0; }
函数运行结果:
参考链接:
https://www.coursera.org/learn/cpp-chengxu-sheji