“热更新”、“热部署”相信对于混合式开发的童鞋一定不陌生,那么APP怎么避免每次升级都要在APP应用商店发布呢?这里就用到了混合式开发的概念,对于电商网站尤其显得重要,不可能每次发布一个活动,都要发布一个现版本,当然这样对于Android还算可以,但是对于Ios呢?苹果应用商店每次审核的时间基本都在1~2周,这对于一个促销活动来说审核时间实在太长。而混合式开发正好可以解决这个问题,基本的原理时,通过原生控件实现APP的主体结构,借助H5开发对应的页面,这样每次发布活动,只需要在服务器端,将活动发布,便可以达到所有安装用户不升级便可查阅最新活动的效果。今天就为大家分享一下,如何实现JavaScript与APP原生控件交互。
一、首先为大家介绍的是JS与Android交互,首先让大家看一下Android工程的目录结构:
JSObject.java文件封装了JS调用Android原生控件的方法;MainActivity.java是调用WebView控件实现网页页面加载,以及进行控件调用JS方法的封装;test.html是我们加载的HTML页面。接下来我们具体看一下实现:
MainActivity.java
package com.chinaonenet.mywebview;import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.webkit.WebSettings; import android.webkit.WebView; import android.widget.Button;/*** SuppressLint一定要加上去!!!* 低版本可能没问题,高版本JS铁定调不了Android里面的方法*/ @SuppressLint("SetJavaScriptEnabled") public class MainActivity extends Activity {private Button button1,button2;private WebView mWebView;private MyWebViewClient WVClient;private WebSettings webSettings;private MyWebChromeClient chromeClient;//封装接收js调用Android的方法类private JSObject jsobject;//异步请求private Handler mHandler = new Handler();@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);init();initView();setButton();}private void setButton() {//无参调用button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {mHandler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {mWebView.loadUrl("javascript:showNoMessage()");}});}});//有参调用button2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {mHandler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {mWebView.loadUrl("javascript:showMessage('顺带给JS传个参数')");}});}});}private void init() {mWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);button1 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);button2 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2);WVClient = new MyWebViewClient();chromeClient = new MyWebChromeClient();jsobject = new JSObject(MainActivity.this); }private void initView() {webSettings = mWebView.getSettings();webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(true);webSettings.setSavePassword(false);//支持多种分辨率,需要js网页支持webSettings.setUserAgentString("mac os");webSettings.setDefaultTextEncodingName("utf-8");//显示本地js网页mWebView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/test.html");mWebView.setWebViewClient(WVClient);mWebView.setWebChromeClient(chromeClient);//注意第二个参数android,这个是JS网页调用Android方法的一个类似ID的东西mWebView.addJavascriptInterface(jsobject, "android");} }
页面的配置文件(activity_main.xml)
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"tools:context="com.chinaonenet.mywebview.MainActivity" ><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button1"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"android:text="无参" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button2"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentRight="true"android:text="有参" /><WebViewandroid:id="@+id/webview"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"android:layout_alignParentRight="true"android:layout_below="@+id/button2" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/textView1"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button1"android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button1"android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"android:text="js与android交互" /></RelativeLayout>
JSObject.java
package com.chinaonenet.mywebview;import org.json.JSONArray; import org.json.JSONException;import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.webkit.JavascriptInterface; import android.widget.Toast;/*** JS调用android的方法* @JavascriptInterface仍然必不可少*/ public class JSObject {private Context context;public JSObject(Context context){this.context = context;}//js调用无参方法 @JavascriptInterfacepublic void callNull(){Toast.makeText(context, "JsCallAndroid", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}//js调用有参方法 @JavascriptInterfacepublic void callMessage(String data){Toast.makeText(context, data, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}//js调用有参方法,参数类型:JSON @JavascriptInterfacepublic void callJson(String data) throws JSONException{JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(data);Toast.makeText(context, jsonArray.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}//js调用有参方法,参数类型:JSON,获取电话号码拨打 @JavascriptInterfacepublic void callPhone(String data){context.startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:" + data)));} }
加载的HTML页面:
<style>.main-wrap ul {width: 100%;display: inline-block;padding-top: 20px;}.main-wrap ul li {float: left;width: 100%;height: 40px;line-height: 40px;font-size: 14px;margin-bottom: 20px;background-color: #00D000;color: #fff;text-align: center;cursor: pointer;}.main-wrap ul li:active {opacity: 0.8;} </style><div class="main-wrap"><ul class="postAndroid"><li onclick="jsCallAndroid('1')">不传参数调用原生控件</li><li onclick="jsCallAndroid('2')">传参数调用原生控件</li><li onclick="jsCallAndroid('3')">以JSON格式传参数调用原生控件</li><li onclick="jsCallAndroid('4')">调用打电话服务</li></ul> </div><script>function jsCallAndroid(rel) {switch(rel){case "1":android.callNull();break;case "2":android.callMessage("javaScript操作Android原生");break;case "3":var json = "[{\"name\":\"满艺网\", \"phone\":\"4008366069\"}]";android.callJson(json);break;case "4":android.callPhone("4008366069");break;}}function showNoMessage() {alert("Android无参调用");}function showMessage(data) {alert("Android有参调用-data:" + data);} </script>
这里因为需要实现一个拨打电话的功能,所以需要在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加拨打电话的权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />
当然这里加载的页面是本地页面,当加载网络页面时需要添加请求网络权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
好了关于JS与Android原生的控件进行相互调用的知识就介绍完了,最后附上DEML下载地址:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1eR6l7Fk 提取密码:4st0
二、JS与IOS原生交互,这里的开发语言选用的是Swift语言,版本是2.2。首先上工程目录结构:
ViewController.swift
import UIKit import JavaScriptCoreclass ViewController: UIViewController {var context = JSContext()var jsContext: JSContext?@IBOutlet weak var webView: UIWebView!override func viewDidLoad() {super.viewDidLoad()webView.delegate = self//初始化webView loadJS()}/***加载html页面*/func loadJS() {let str = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("test", ofType: "html")let request = NSURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: str!)!)webView.loadRequest(request)}//Swift 调用JS 方法 (无参数) @IBAction func swift_js_pargram(sender: AnyObject) {self.context.evaluateScript("Swift_JS1()")//self.webView.stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString("Swift_JS1()") //此方法也可行 }//Swift 调用JS 方法 (有参数) @IBAction func swift_js_nopargam(sender: AnyObject) {self.context.evaluateScript("Swift_JS2('Ios' ,'Swift')")//self.webView.stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString("Swift_JS2('oc','swift')") //此方法也可行 }//js调用Swift方法(无参) func menthod1() {print("JS调用了无参数swift方法")let title = "操作提示";let msg = "JS调用了无参数swift方法";//创建提示信息let alert = UIAlertController(title: title, message: msg, preferredStyle: .Alert)//确定按钮alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "ok", style: .Default, handler: nil))//显示提示框self.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)}//js调用Swift方法(有参数) func menthod2(str1: String, str2: String) {print("JS调用了有参数swift方法:参数为\(str1),\(str2)")//创建提示信息let alert = UIAlertController(title: str1, message: str2, preferredStyle: .Alert)//确定按钮alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "ok", style: .Default, handler: nil))//显示提示框self.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)}func webView(webView: UIWebView, didFailLoadWithError error: NSError) {print(error)} }//js调用Swift方法注入 extension ViewController: UIWebViewDelegate {func webView(webView: UIWebView, shouldStartLoadWithRequest request: NSURLRequest, navigationType: UIWebViewNavigationType) -> Bool {let str = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("test", ofType: "html")let request = NSURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: str!)!)let connecntion = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)connecntion?.start()return true}func webViewDidStartLoad(webView: UIWebView) {print("webViewDidStartLoad----")}func webViewDidFinishLoad(webView: UIWebView) {self.context = webView.valueForKeyPath("documentView.webView.mainFrame.javaScriptContext") as! JSContext//JS调用了无参数swift方法---menthod1let temp1: @convention(block) () ->() = {self.menthod1()}//forKeyedSubscript:参数为JS调用方法名self.context.setObject(unsafeBitCast(temp1, AnyObject.self), forKeyedSubscript: "test1")//JS调用了有参数swift方法---menthod2let temp2: @convention(block) () ->() = {let array = JSContext.currentArguments()//这里接到的array中的内容是JSValue类型for object in array {print("参数:" + object.toString())}self.menthod2(array[0].toString(), str2: array[1].toString())}//forKeyedSubscript:参数为JS调用方法名self.context.setObject(unsafeBitCast(temp2, AnyObject.self), forKeyedSubscript: "test2")//模型注入的方法let model = JSObjCModel()model.controller = selfmodel.jsContext = contextself.jsContext = context//这一步是将OCModel这个模型注入到JS中,JS就可以通过OCModel调用我们公暴露的方法了。self.jsContext?.setObject(model, forKeyedSubscript: "OCModel")let url = NSBundle.mainBundle().URLForResource("test", withExtension: "html")self.jsContext?.evaluateScript(try? String(contentsOfURL: url!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding));self.jsContext?.exceptionHandler = {(context, exception) inprint("exception @", exception)}} }@objc protocol JavaScriptSwiftDelegate: JSExport {func callSystemCamera()func showAlert(title: String, msg: String)func callWithDict(dict: [String: AnyObject])func jsCallObjcAndObjcCallJsWithDict(dict: [String: AnyObject]) }//js调用Swift模型方法 @objc class JSObjCModel: NSObject, JavaScriptSwiftDelegate {weak var controller: UIViewController?weak var jsContext: JSContext?//JS无参调用Swift方法并返回处理结果 func callSystemCamera() {print("js call objc method: callSystemCamera");let jsFunc = self.jsContext?.objectForKeyedSubscript("jsFunc");jsFunc?.callWithArguments([]);}//JS有参调用Swift方法 func showAlert(title: String, msg: String) {print("js call objc method: showAlert, title: %@", title, " msg: %@", msg)dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) { () -> Void inlet alert = UIAlertController(title: title, message: msg, preferredStyle: .Alert)alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "ok", style: .Default, handler: nil))self.controller?.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)}}//JS有参调用Swift方法 func callWithDict(dict: [String : AnyObject]) {print("js call objc method: callWithDict, args: %@", dict)let alert = UIAlertController(title: "消息提示", message: "查看控制台打印信息", preferredStyle: .Alert)alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "ok", style: .Default, handler: nil))self.controller?.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)}//JS有参调用Swift方法并返回处理结果 func jsCallObjcAndObjcCallJsWithDict(dict: [String : AnyObject]) {print("js call objc method: jsCallObjcAndObjcCallJsWithDict, args: %@", dict)let jsParamFunc = self.jsContext?.objectForKeyedSubscript("jsParamFunc");let dict = NSDictionary(dictionary: ["age": 2, "height": 178, "name": "满艺网"])jsParamFunc?.callWithArguments([dict])} }extension ViewController: NSURLConnectionDelegate,NSURLConnectionDataDelegate {func connection(connection: NSURLConnection, didReceiveData data: NSData) {print("didReceiveData\(data)")}func connection(connection: NSURLConnection, willSendRequest request: NSURLRequest, redirectResponse response: NSURLResponse?) -> NSURLRequest? {print("request:\(request)response:\(response)")return request}func connection(connection: NSURLConnection, didFailWithError error: NSError) {} }//MARK: - allowsAnyHTTPSCertificateForHost extension NSURLRequest {static func allowsAnyHTTPSCertificateForHost(host: String) -> Bool {return true} }
test.html
<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>JSAndIos</title></head><style>.main-wrap ul {width: 100%;display: inline-block;padding-top: 20px;}.main-wrap ul li {float: left;width: 100%;height: 40px;line-height: 40px;font-size: 14px;margin-bottom: 20px;background-color: #00D000;color: #fff;text-align: center;cursor: pointer;}.main-wrap ul li:active {opacity: 0.8;}</style><body bgcolor="#dddd"><div class="main-wrap"><ul class="postAndroid"><li onclick="JS_Swift1()">不传参数调用原生控件(常规方式)</li><li onclick="JS_Swift2()">传参数调用原生控件(常规方式)</li><li onclick="JS_Swift3()">不传参数调用原生控件,带返回结果处理(模型注入)</li><li onclick="JS_Swift4()">传参数调用原生控件(模型注入)</li><li onclick="JS_Swift5()">传对象格式参数调用原生控件(模型注入)</li><li onclick="JS_Swift6()">传对象格式参数调用原生控件,带返回结果处理(模型注入)</li></ul></div><script>function Swift_JS1() {alert("Swift调用Js无参方法");}function Swift_JS2(name,msg) {alert("Swift调用Js有参方法,name:"+name+";mes:"+msg);}function JS_Swift1() {test1();}function JS_Swift2() {test2('JsCallSwift', 'Js调用Swift方法');}function JS_Swift3() {OCModel.callSystemCamera();}//js调用Swift方法,处理返回结果function jsFunc() {alert('JS调用Swift方法,无返回值结果处理');}function JS_Swift4() {OCModel.showAlertMsg('js send title', 'js send message');}function JS_Swift5() {OCModel.callWithDict({ 'name': 'testname', 'age': 10, 'height': 170 });}function JS_Swift6() {OCModel.jsCallObjcAndObjcCallJsWithDict({ 'name': 'testname', 'age': 10, 'height': 170 });}//注意哦,如果JS写错,可能在OC调用JS方法时,都会出错哦。function jsParamFunc (argument) {alert("JS调用Swift方法,有返回值处理结果---name:"+argument['name'] + " age:" + argument['age']);}</script></body> </html>
好了,对于JS与Ios原生控件之间进行相互调用的主要内容就分享完毕了,DEML下载地址:链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1bpEFzaR 密码: y5ms
到这里关于JS与Android、IOS原生控件相互之间进行调用的知识就为大家分享完毕,欢迎留言讨论,相互学习。