一. 要求

爬取糗事百科段子，假设页面的URL是 http://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/1

1. 使用requests获取页面信息，用XPath / re 做数据提取

2. 获取每个帖子里的用户头像链接、用户姓名、段子内容、点赞次数和评论次数

3. 保存到 json 文件内

二. 参考代码

#coding=utf-8
import requests
from retrying import retry
from lxml import etreeclass Qiubai_spider():def __init__(self):self.url = "http://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/{}/"self.headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1 Trident/5.0;"}@retry(stop_max_attempt_number=5) #调用retry，当assert出错时候，重复请求5次def parse_url(self,url):response = requests.get(url,timeout=10,headers=self.headers) #请求urlassert response.status_code==200  #当响应码不是200时候，做断言报错处理print(url)return etree.HTML(response.text) #返回etree之后的htmldef parse_content(self,html):item_temp = html.xpath("//div[@class='article block untagged mb15']")print(len(item_temp))for item in item_temp:#获取用户头像地址avatar = item.xpath("./div[1]/a[1]/img/@src")[0] if len(item.xpath("./div[1]/a[1]/img/@src"))>0 else None#为头像地址添加前缀if avatar is not None and not avatar.startswith("http:"):avatar = "http:"+avatarprint(avatar)name = item.xpath("./div[1]/a[2]/h2/text()")[0] #获取用户名print(name)content = item.xpath("./a[@class='contentHerf']/div/span/text()")[0] #获取内容print(content)star_number = item.xpath("./div[@class='stats']/span[1]/i/text()")[0] #获取点赞数print(star_number)comment_number = item.xpath("./div[@class='stats']/span[2]/a/i/text()")[0] #获取评论数print(comment_number)print("*"*100)def run(self):'''函数的主要逻辑实现'''url = self.url.format(1) #获取到urlhtml = self.parse_url(url) #请求urlself.parse_content(html) #解析页面内容并把内容存入内容队列if __name__ == "__main__":qiubai = Qiubai_spider()qiubai.run()