# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Aug  4 16:52:23 2020@author: 四屏
"""from datetime import datetime
%matplotlib inline
import backtrader as bt
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import akshare as akplt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["SimHei"]
plt.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = Falsestock_hfq_df = ak.stock_zh_a_daily(symbol="sh600000", adjust="hfq")  # 利用 AkShare 获取后复权数据class MyStrategy(bt.Strategy):"""主策略程序"""params = (("maperiod", 20),)  # 全局设定交易策略的参数def __init__(self):"""初始化函数"""self.data_close = self.datas[0].close  # 指定价格序列# 初始化交易指令、买卖价格和手续费self.order = Noneself.buy_price = Noneself.buy_comm = None# 添加移动均线指标self.sma = bt.indicators.SimpleMovingAverage(self.datas[0], period=self.params.maperiod)def next(self):""":return::rtype:"""if self.order:  # 检查是否有指令等待执行,return# 检查是否持仓if not self.position:  # 没有持仓if self.data_close[0] > self.sma[0]:  # 执行买入条件判断：收盘价格上涨突破20日均线self.order = self.buy(size=100)  # 执行买入else:if self.data_close[0] < self.sma[0]:  # 执行卖出条件判断：收盘价格跌破20日均线self.order = self.sell(size=100)  # 执行卖出cerebro = bt.Cerebro()  # 初始化回测系统
start_date = datetime(2000, 1, 1)  # 回测开始时间
end_date = datetime(2020, 8, 4)  # 回测结束时间
data = bt.feeds.PandasData(dataname=stock_hfq_df, fromdate=start_date, todate=end_date)  # 加载数据
cerebro.adddata(data)  # 将数据传入回测系统
cerebro.addstrategy(MyStrategy)  # 将交易策略加载到回测系统中
start_cash = 26000
cerebro.broker.setcash(start_cash)  # 设置初始资本为 100000
cerebro.broker.setcommission(commission=0.002)  # 设置交易手续费为 0.2%
cerebro.run()  # 运行回测系统port_value = cerebro.broker.getvalue()  # 获取回测结束后的总资金
pnl = port_value - start_cash  # 盈亏统计print(f"初始资金: {start_cash}\n回测期间：{start_date.strftime('%Y%m%d')}:{end_date.strftime('%Y%m%d')}")
print(f"总资金: {round(port_value, 2)}")
print(f"净收益: {round(pnl, 2)}")cerebro.plot(style='candlestick')  # 画图