Turtle官方文档

turtle的基本操作

# 初始化屏幕

window = turtle.Screen()

# 新建turtle对象实例

import turtle

aTurtle = turtle.Turtle()

# 海龟设置

aTurtle.hideturtle() # 隐藏箭头

aTurtle.speed(10) # 设置速度

# 前进后退，左转右转

aTurtle.fd(100) # 前进100像素

aTurtle.right(90) # 右转90°

aTurtle.back(100)

aTurtle.left(90)

# 填充颜色

aTurtle.begin_fill()

aTurtle.fillcolor('yellow')

DoSomethinghere()

aTurtle.end_fill()

# 抬起笔和放下笔，这样进行的操作不会留下痕迹

aTurtle.penup()

aTurtle.goto(start_pos)

aTurtle.fd(radius)

aTurtle.pendown()

绘制五星红旗代码

github地址：https://gist.github.com/dc11287081ee67075da8

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 –*-

''' 对于turtle类的一些封装方法，包括画正多边形，正多角形和五星红旗。'''

__author__ = 'Hu Wenchao'

import turtle

import math

def draw_polygon(aTurtle, size=50, n=3):

''' 绘制正多边形

args:

aTurtle: turtle对象实例

size: int类型，正多边形的边长

n: int类型，是几边形

'''

for i in xrange(n):

aTurtle.forward(size)

aTurtle.left(360.0/n)

def draw_n_angle(aTurtle, size=50, num=5, color=None):

''' 绘制正n角形，默认为黄色

args:

aTurtle: turtle对象实例

size: int类型，正多角形的边长

n: int类型，是几角形

color: str， 图形颜色，默认不填色

'''

if color:

aTurtle.begin_fill()

aTurtle.fillcolor(color)

for i in xrange(num):

aTurtle.forward(size)

aTurtle.left(360.0/num)

aTurtle.forward(size)

aTurtle.right(2*360.0/num)

if color:

aTurtle.end_fill()

def draw_5_angle(aTurtle=None, start_pos=(0,0), end_pos=(0,10), radius=100, color=None):

''' 根据起始位置、结束位置和外接圆半径画五角星

args:

aTurtle: turtle对象实例

start_pos: int的二元tuple，要画的五角星的外接圆圆心

end_pos: int的二元tuple，圆心指向的位置坐标点

radius: 五角星外接圆半径

color: str， 图形颜色，默认不填色

'''

aTurtle = aTurtle or turtle.Turtle()

size = radius * math.sin(math.pi/5)/math.sin(math.pi*2/5)

aTurtle.left(math.degrees(math.atan2(end_pos[1]-start_pos[1], end_pos[0]-start_pos[0])))

aTurtle.penup()

aTurtle.goto(start_pos)

aTurtle.fd(radius)

aTurtle.pendown()

aTurtle.right(math.degrees(math.pi*9/10))

draw_n_angle(aTurtle, size, 5, color)

def draw_5_star_flag(times=20.0):

''' 绘制五星红旗

args:

times: 五星红旗的规格为30*20， times为倍数，默认大小为10倍， 即300*200

'''

width, height = 30*times, 20*times

# 初始化屏幕和海龟

window = turtle.Screen()

aTurtle = turtle.Turtle()

aTurtle.hideturtle()

aTurtle.speed(10)

# 画红旗

aTurtle.penup()

aTurtle.goto(-width/2, height/2)

aTurtle.pendown()

aTurtle.begin_fill()

aTurtle.fillcolor('red')

aTurtle.fd(width)

aTurtle.right(90)

aTurtle.fd(height)

aTurtle.right(90)

aTurtle.fd(width)

aTurtle.right(90)

aTurtle.fd(height)

aTurtle.right(90)

aTurtle.end_fill()

# 画大星星

draw_5_angle(aTurtle, start_pos=(-10*times, 5*times), end_pos=(-10*times, 8*times), radius=3*times, color='yellow')

# 画四个小星星

stars_start_pos = [(-5, 8), (-3, 6), (-3, 3), (-5, 1)]

for pos in stars_start_pos:

draw_5_angle(aTurtle, start_pos=(pos[0]*times, pos[1]*times), end_pos=(-10*times, 5*times), radius=1*times, color='yellow')

# 点击关闭窗口

window.exitonclick()

if __name__ == '__main__':

draw_5_star_flag()

效果图