（一）Maven简介

	Apache Maven是一个项目管理和构建的工具，它基于项目对象模型（POM）的概念。通过一小段描述信息来管理项目的构建，报告和文档。○ 项目对象模型○ 依赖管理模型○ 插件• 仓库分类：本地仓库：自己计算机上的一个目录中央仓库：有Maven团队维护的全球唯一的仓库地址：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/远程仓库（私服）：一般由公司团队搭建的私有仓库
• 当项目中使用坐标引入对应依赖的jar包后，首先会查找本地仓库中是否有对应的jar包如果有，则在项目直接引用；如果没有，则去中央仓库中下载对应的jar包到本地仓库
• 还可以搭建远程仓库，将来jar包的查找顺序则变为：本地仓库-->远程仓库-->中央仓库Maven是专门用于管理和构建Java项目的工具，它的主要功能有：□ 提供了一套标准化的项目结构□ 提供了一套标准化的构建流程（编译，测试，打包，发布…）□ 提供了一套依赖管理机制

（二）Maven下载与配置

	1、 Maven下载：[链接](https://maven.apache.org/download.cgi)2、下载完成之后，选择一个你认为合适的路径解压。3、 配置环境变量： 右键点击 此电脑 --> 属性 -->高级系统设置(在弹出的页面中系统变量点击新建)

4、配置conf/Settings.xml 
Settings的配置具体如下但是注意本地仓库的路径根据自己情况设定。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!--
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software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
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specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
--><!--| This is the configuration file for Maven. It can be specified at two levels:||  1. User Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for a single user,|                 and is normally provided in ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml.||                 NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:||                 -s /path/to/user/settings.xml||  2. Global Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for all Maven|                 users on a machine (assuming they're all using the same Maven|                 installation). It's normally provided in|                 ${maven.conf}/settings.xml.||                 NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:||                 -gs /path/to/global/settings.xml|| The sections in this sample file are intended to give you a running start at| getting the most out of your Maven installation. Where appropriate, the default| values (values used when the setting is not specified) are provided.||-->
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.2.0.xsd"><!-- localRepository| The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts.|| Default: ${user.home}/.m2/repository<localRepository>/path/to/local/repo</localRepository>--><localRepository>D:\SoftwareTools\Maven\MavenSoftware\mvn_repository</localRepository><!-- interactiveMode| This will determine whether maven prompts you when it needs input. If set to false,| maven will use a sensible default value, perhaps based on some other setting, for| the parameter in question.|| Default: true<interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode>--><!-- offline| Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the network when executing a build.| This will have an effect on artifact downloads, artifact deployment, and others.|| Default: false<offline>false</offline>--><!-- pluginGroups| This is a list of additional group identifiers that will be searched when resolving plugins by their prefix, i.e.| when invoking a command line like "mvn prefix:goal". Maven will automatically add the group identifiers| "org.apache.maven.plugins" and "org.codehaus.mojo" if these are not already contained in the list.|--><pluginGroups><!-- pluginGroup| Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin lookup.<pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup>--></pluginGroups><!-- proxies| This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine to connect to the network.| Unless otherwise specified (by system property or command-line switch), the first proxy| specification in this list marked as active will be used.|--><proxies><!-- proxy| Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the network.|<proxy><id>optional</id><active>true</active><protocol>http</protocol><username>proxyuser</username><password>proxypass</password><host>proxy.host.net</host><port>80</port><nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts></proxy>--></proxies><!-- servers| This is a list of authentication profiles, keyed by the server-id used within the system.| Authentication profiles can be used whenever maven must make a connection to a remote server.|--><servers><!-- server| Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting to a particular server, identified by| a unique name within the system (referred to by the 'id' attribute below).|| NOTE: You should either specify username/password OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are|       used together.|<server><id>deploymentRepo</id><username>repouser</username><password>repopwd</password></server>--><!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate.<server><id>siteServer</id><privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey><passphrase>optional; leave empty if not used.</passphrase></server>--></servers><!-- mirrors| This is a list of mirrors to be used in downloading artifacts from remote repositories.|| It works like this: a POM may declare a repository to use in resolving certain artifacts.| However, this repository may have problems with heavy traffic at times, so people have mirrored| it to several places.|| That repository definition will have a unique id, so we can create a mirror reference for that| repository, to be used as an alternate download site. The mirror site will be the preferred| server for that repository.|--><mirrors><!-- mirror| Specifies a repository mirror site to use instead of a given repository. The repository that| this mirror serves has an ID that matches the mirrorOf element of this mirror. IDs are used| for inheritance and direct lookup purposes, and must be unique across the set of mirrors.|<mirror><id>mirrorId</id><mirrorOf>repositoryId</mirrorOf><name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name><url>http://my.repository.com/repo/path</url></mirror>--><mirror><id>alimaven</id><name>aliyun maven</name><url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url><mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf></mirror><mirror><id>maven-default-http-blocker</id><mirrorOf>external:http:*</mirrorOf><name>Pseudo repository to mirror external repositories initially using HTTP.</name><url>http://0.0.0.0/</url><blocked>true</blocked></mirror></mirrors><!-- profiles| This is a list of profiles which can be activated in a variety of ways, and which can modify| the build process. Profiles provided in the settings.xml are intended to provide local machine-| specific paths and repository locations which allow the build to work in the local environment.|| For example, if you have an integration testing plugin - like cactus - that needs to know where| your Tomcat instance is installed, you can provide a variable here such that the variable is| dereferenced during the build process to configure the cactus plugin.|| As noted above, profiles can be activated in a variety of ways. One way - the activeProfiles| section of this document (settings.xml) - will be discussed later. Another way essentially| relies on the detection of a system property, either matching a particular value for the property,| or merely testing its existence. Profiles can also be activated by JDK version prefix, where a| value of '1.4' might activate a profile when the build is executed on a JDK version of '1.4.2_07'.| Finally, the list of active profiles can be specified directly from the command line.|| NOTE: For profiles defined in the settings.xml, you are restricted to specifying only artifact|       repositories, plugin repositories, and free-form properties to be used as configuration|       variables for plugins in the POM.||--><profiles><!-- profile| Specifies a set of introductions to the build process, to be activated using one or more of the| mechanisms described above. For inheritance purposes, and to activate profiles via <activatedProfiles/>| or the command line, profiles have to have an ID that is unique.|| An encouraged best practice for profile identification is to use a consistent naming convention| for profiles, such as 'env-dev', 'env-test', 'env-production', 'user-jdcasey', 'user-brett', etc.| This will make it more intuitive to understand what the set of introduced profiles is attempting| to accomplish, particularly when you only have a list of profile id's for debug.|| This profile example uses the JDK version to trigger activation, and provides a JDK-specific repo.<profile><id>jdk-1.4</id><activation><jdk>1.4</jdk></activation><repositories><repository><id>jdk14</id><name>Repository for JDK 1.4 builds</name><url>http://www.myhost.com/maven/jdk14</url><layout>default</layout><snapshotPolicy>always</snapshotPolicy></repository></repositories></profile>--><!--| Here is another profile, activated by the system property 'target-env' with a value of 'dev',| which provides a specific path to the Tomcat instance. To use this, your plugin configuration| might hypothetically look like:|| ...| <plugin>|   <groupId>org.myco.myplugins</groupId>|   <artifactId>myplugin</artifactId>||   <configuration>|     <tomcatLocation>${tomcatPath}</tomcatLocation>|   </configuration>| </plugin>| ...|| NOTE: If you just wanted to inject this configuration whenever someone set 'target-env' to|       anything, you could just leave off the <value/> inside the activation-property.|<profile><id>env-dev</id><activation><property><name>target-env</name><value>dev</value></property></activation><properties><tomcatPath>/path/to/tomcat/instance</tomcatPath></properties></profile>--><profile><id>jdk-17</id><activation><activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault><jdk>17</jdk></activation><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target><maven.compiler.compilerVersion>17</maven.compiler.compilerVersion></properties></profile></profiles><!-- activeProfiles| List of profiles that are active for all builds.|<activeProfiles><activeProfile>alwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile><activeProfile>anotherAlwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile></activeProfiles>-->
</settings>

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1、Maven生命周期w Maven构建项目生命周期描述的是一次构建过程经历经历了多少个事件w Maven对项目构建的生命周期划分为3套Ø clean：清理工作Ø default：核心工作，例如编译、测试、打包和安装等Ø site：产生报告、发布站点等w 同一生命周期内，执行后面的命令，前面的所有命令会自动执行。

（三）IDEA配置Maven

	IDEA配置Maven环境的步骤1) 选择IDEA中File-->Settings2) 搜索maven3) 设置IDEA使用本地安装的Maven，并修改配置文件路径

	 Maven坐标详解什么是坐标？Ø Maven中的坐标是资源的唯一标识Ø 使用坐标来定义项目或引入项目中需要的依赖§ Maven坐标主要组成Ø groupId：定义当前Maven项目隶属组织名称（通常是域名的反写，如：com.itheima）Ø artifactId：定义当前Maven项目名称（通常是模块名称，例如：order-service，goods-service）Ø version：定义当前项目版本号项目坐标如：<groupId>com.itheima</groupId><artifactId>maven-demo</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

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	 IDEA配置Maven-Helper插件1) 选择IDEA中File-->Settings2) 选择plugins3) 搜索Maven，选择第一个Maven Helper，点击install安装，弹出面板中4) 重启IDEA