反射写一个通用的dao层
- 1. 学了反射,就得学会搞事情
- 2. 反射写dao具体实现
1. 学了反射,就得学会搞事情
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我想怎么对实体类操作,就对实体类操作
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想实现通用的dao,要满足的条件:
- 实体类名与表名一样
- 实体字段名与表字段名一样
- 实体类定义的属性顺序与表名字段名顺序一样
- 使用dao修改,增加时,实体类的属性都要有赋值,因为根据反射拿到所有属性值,和属性名,来拼接成sql语句滴
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如何用反射操作操作
- 拼接sql语句
- 拿到表名
- 拿到实体类的字段
- 拿到字段的值
2. 反射写dao具体实现
- BaseDao 拿到连接和释放资源
package com.lovely.dao;import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;public class BaseDao {static {try {Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver");} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public static Connection getConn() {Connection conn = null;String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl";try {conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "scott", "scott");} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return conn;}public static void closeAll(Connection conn, PreparedStatement ps, ResultSet rs) {try {if (rs != null)rs.close();if (ps != null)ps.close();if (conn != null)conn.close();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}
- 增删改查万能写法
package com.lovely.dao;import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;public class CommonDao {/*** @param entity 给定一个初始化参数的实体,来做添加操作* @return 返回数据库受影响行数*/public int add(Object entity) {int count = -1;Class<?> c = entity.getClass();StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer();// insert into tab_name values (seq_student.nextval, ?, ?, ? ...);sql.append("insert into " + c.getSimpleName() + " values (seq_" + c.getSimpleName() + ".nextval");// 拿到实体类私有属性对象的数组Field[] fs = c.getDeclaredFields();Field.setAccessible(fs, true);// 排除主键for (int j = 1; j < fs.length; j++) {sql.append(", ?");}sql.append(")");System.out.println(sql);Connection conn = BaseDao.getConn();PreparedStatement ps = null;try {ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql.toString());// 赋值for (int i = 1; i < fs.length; i++) {ps.setObject(i, fs[i].get(entity));}count = ps.executeUpdate();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {BaseDao.closeAll(conn, ps, null);} return count;}/*** * @param c 描述类的类对象* @return 这张表在数据库里面所有的数据*/public List<Object> queryAll(Class<?> c) {ArrayList<Object> list = new ArrayList<Object>();String sql = "SELECT * FROM " + c.getSimpleName();Connection conn = BaseDao.getConn();PreparedStatement ps = null;ResultSet rs = null;conn = BaseDao.getConn();try {ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);rs = ps.executeQuery();Field[] fs = c.getDeclaredFields();Field.setAccessible(fs, true);while (rs.next()) {// 创建实体类对象Object entity = c.newInstance();// 为实体类的每个属性赋值for (int i = 0; i < fs.length; i++) {// 取结果集中的值Object value = rs.getObject(fs[i].getName());// oracle 和 Java 中的类型不一样 设置属性值时 可能报错if (fs[i].getType() == Integer.class) {value = rs.getInt(fs[i].getName());} else if (fs[i].getType() == Double.class) {value = rs.getDouble(fs[i].getName());} else if (fs[i].getType() == Timestamp.class) {value = rs.getTimestamp(fs[i].getName());}// Can not set java.sql.Timestamp field com.lovely.entity.Product.pdate to java.sql.Date// 属性是Timstamp类型 Oracle获取的值是 java.sql.Date类型 /*if (fs[i].getType() == Timestamp.class && value.getClass() == java.sql.Date.class) {// 转型java.sql.Date d = (Date) value; value = new Timestamp(d.getTime());}*/// 为实体类属性赋值fs[i].set(entity, value);}list.add(entity);}} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (InstantiationException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {BaseDao.closeAll(conn, ps, rs);}return list;}/*** * @param entity 传入主键即可* @return 返回主键对应的对象*/public Object queryOne(Object entity) {Object obj = null;Class<?> c = entity.getClass();Field[] fs = c.getDeclaredFields();Field.setAccessible(fs, true); // 可访问私有属性String sql = "select * from " + c.getSimpleName() + " where " + fs[0].getName() + " = ?";Connection conn = BaseDao.getConn();PreparedStatement ps = null;ResultSet rs = null;try {ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setObject(1, fs[0].get(entity));rs = ps.executeQuery();if (rs.next()) {// 创建当前实体类对象obj = c.newInstance();for (int i = 0; i < fs.length; i++) {// 结果集中每个列的值Object value = rs.getObject(fs[i].getName());// 判断属性值的类型if (fs[i].getType() == Integer.class) {value = rs.getInt(fs[i].getName());} else if (fs[i].getType() == Double.class) {value = rs.getDouble(fs[i].getName());} else if (fs[i].getType() == java.sql.Timestamp.class) {value = rs.getTimestamp(fs[i].getName());}// 为每个属性设置值fs[i].set(obj, value);}}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {BaseDao.closeAll(conn, ps, rs);}return obj; }/*** * @param entity 要修改的实体对象 实体对象的值都得被初始化* @return 返回受影响行数*/public int update(Object entity) {int count = -1;Class<?> c = entity.getClass();StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer();// update tab_name set * = ?, * = ?, * = ? ... where primary_key = ?sql.append("update " + c.getSimpleName() + " set ");Field[] fs = c.getDeclaredFields();Field.setAccessible(fs, true);// 拼接列名try {for (int i = 1; i < fs.length; i++) {if (i < fs.length - 1)sql.append(fs[i].getName() + " = ?, ");elsesql.append(fs[i].getName() + " = ? ");}} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();}// 拼接条件sql.append("where " + fs[0].getName() + " = ?");System.out.println(sql);Connection conn = BaseDao.getConn();PreparedStatement ps = null;try {ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql.toString());// 设置 sql 中参数的值for (int i = 1; i < fs.length; i++) {ps.setObject(i, fs[i].get(entity));}// 设置主键值ps.setObject(fs.length, fs[0].get(entity));count = ps.executeUpdate();} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {BaseDao.closeAll(conn, ps, null);}return count;}/*** * @param entity 要被删除的对象,传入主键即可* @return 返回受影响行数*/public int delete(Object entity) {int count = -1;Class<?> c = entity.getClass();Field primaryKey = c.getDeclaredFields()[0];primaryKey.setAccessible(true);String sql = "delete from " + c.getSimpleName() + " where " + primaryKey.getName() + " = ?";Connection conn = BaseDao.getConn();PreparedStatement ps = null;try {ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setObject(1, primaryKey.get(entity));count = ps.executeUpdate();} catch (SQLException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {BaseDao.closeAll(conn, ps, null);}return count;}}
- 本代码适用Oracle,mysql,sqlserver稍微改变下可用。