写在最前面
上周零零碎碎花了一周的时间研究水印的开发,现在终于写了个入门级的Demo,做下笔记同时分享出来供大家参考。
Demo是在我上次写的 JAVA实用案例之文件导入导出(POI方式) 框架基础上搭建的,基于Spring+SpringMVC。如果有错误还请大家指正。
简单介绍
水印开发是web开发中一种比较常见的功能,实现的代码很简单,具体的实现步骤我也会以代码为基础详细讲述。其实以我个人的理解,我把水印的类型和开发流程分为以下几种。
水印的类型:
单文字水印
单图片水印
多文字水印
多图片水印
水印的开发流程:
创建图片缓存对象
创建Java绘图工具对象
使用绘图工具工具对象将原图绘制到缓存图片对象
使用绘图工具对象将水印(文字/图片)绘制到缓存图片
创建图像编码工具类
使用图像编码工具类,输出缓存图像到目标文件
效果图:
上传页:
原图:
单文字水印:
单图片水印:
多文字水印:
多图片水印:
单文字水印开发
所谓单文字水印,就是在一张图片上添加一条文字水印。其中我们主要的流程是通过ImageIO工具类解码对应的图片,然后创建BufferImage对象,通过BufferImage对象创建Graphics2D对象,再通过Graphics2D对象绘制原图到BufferImage对象。然后,我们还可以使用Graphics2D对象来设置水印的相关信息,如水印内容、字体大小、字体风格等。
这里需要说明的是我们需要计算水印文本的宽度,中文长度即文本宽度,英文长度为文本宽度的二分之一。具体可以参考我源码中的相关内容。
//计算水印文本长度
//1、中文长度即文本长度 2、英文长度为文本长度二分之一
public int getTextLength(String text){
//水印文字长度
int length = text.length();
for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) {
String s =String.valueOf(text.charAt(i));
if (s.getBytes().length>1) {
length++;
}
}
length = length%2==0?length/2:length/2+1;
return length;
}
//添加单条文字水印方法
public String textWaterMark(MultipartFile myFile,String imageFileName) {
InputStream is =null;
OutputStream os =null;
int X = 636;
int Y = 700;
try {
//使用ImageIO解码图片
Image image = ImageIO.read(myFile.getInputStream());
//计算原始图片宽度长度
int width = image.getWidth(null);
int height = image.getHeight(null);
//创建图片缓存对象
BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//创建java绘图工具对象
Graphics2D graphics2d = bufferedImage.createGraphics();
//参数主要是,原图,坐标,宽高
graphics2d.drawImage(image, 0, 0, width, height, null);
graphics2d.setFont(new Font(FONT_NAME, FONT_STYLE, FONT_SIZE));
graphics2d.setColor(FONT_COLOR);
//使用绘图工具将水印绘制到图片上
//计算文字水印宽高值
int waterWidth = FONT_SIZE*getTextLength(MARK_TEXT);
int waterHeight = FONT_SIZE;
//计算水印与原图高宽差
int widthDiff = width-waterWidth;
int heightDiff = height-waterHeight;
//水印坐标设置
if (X > widthDiff) {
X = widthDiff;
}
if (Y > heightDiff) {
Y = heightDiff;
}
//水印透明设置
graphics2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, ALPHA));
//纵坐标在下方,不增加字体高度会靠上
graphics2d.drawString(MARK_TEXT, X, Y+FONT_SIZE);
graphics2d.dispose();
os = new FileOutputStream(UPLOAD_PATH+"/"+imageFileName);
//创建图像编码工具类
JPEGImageEncoder en = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(os);
//使用图像编码工具类,输出缓存图像到目标文件
en.encode(bufferedImage);
if(is!=null){
is.close();
}
if(os!=null){
os.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "success";
}
单图片水印开发
单图片水印和上面单文字的代码流程大致一致,这里只讲解不同之处。
首先我们需要获得水印图片的路径,然后创建水印文件对象,同样通过ImageIO工具类解码水印图片,中间我们就不需要计算文本长宽了,因为单文字中的长宽即是我们水印图片的长宽。
//水印图片路径
//水印坐标设置
String logoPath = "/img/logo.png";
String realPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(logoPath);
File logo = new File(realPath);
Image imageLogo = ImageIO.read(logo);
int widthLogo = imageLogo.getWidth(null);
int heightLogo = imageLogo.getHeight(null);
int widthDiff = width-widthLogo;
int heightDiff = height-heightLogo;
//水印坐标设置
if (X > widthDiff) {
X = widthDiff;
}
if (Y > heightDiff) {
Y = heightDiff;
}
//水印透明设置
graphics2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, ALPHA));
graphics2d.drawImage(imageLogo, X, Y, null);
多文字水印开发
其实多文字水印开发和单文字也是类似的,主要的不同点是我们需要将BufferImage对象进行旋转。因为绘制水印并不支持旋转水印绘制,所以我们需要对原图进行旋转绘制,然后通过循环,我们就可以将一个文字水印多次绘制在原图上了。
//旋转原图,注意旋转角度为弧度制。后面两个参数为旋转的坐标中心
graphics2d.rotate(Math.toRadians(30), bufferedImage.getWidth()/2, bufferedImage.getHeight()/2);
int x = -width/2;
int y = -height/2;
while(x < width*1.5){
y = -height/2;
while(y < height*1.5){
graphics2d.drawString(MARK_TEXT, x, y);
y+=waterHeight+100;
}
x+=waterWidth+100;
}
多图片水印开发
与上文相同,多图片水印需要先读取水印图片,然后对水印设置透明度,在对原图进行旋转,然后通过循环,我们就可以将一个图片水印多次绘制在原图上。
//水印图片路径
String logoPath = "/img/logo.png";
String realPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(logoPath);
File logo = new File(realPath);
Image imageLogo = ImageIO.read(logo);
int widthLogo = imageLogo.getWidth(null);
int heightLogo = imageLogo.getHeight(null);
//水印透明设置
graphics2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, ALPHA));
graphics2d.rotate(Math.toRadians(30), bufferedImage.getWidth()/2, bufferedImage.getHeight()/2);
int x = -width/2;
int y = -height/2;
while(x < width*1.5){
y = -height/2;
while(y < height*1.5){
graphics2d.drawImage(imageLogo, x, y, null);
y+=heightLogo+100;
}
x+=widthLogo+100;
}
业务类完整代码:
import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import com.allan.service.WaterMarkService;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;
@Service
public class WaterMarkServiceImpl implements WaterMarkService{
//定义上传的文件夹
private static final String UPLOAD_PATH = "E:/save";
//定义水印文字样式
private static final String MARK_TEXT = "小卖铺的老爷爷";
private static final String FONT_NAME = "微软雅黑";
private static final int FONT_STYLE = Font.BOLD;
private static final int FONT_SIZE = 60;
private static final Color FONT_COLOR = Color.black;
private static final float ALPHA = 0.3F;
//1、上传图片
public String uploadImage(MultipartFile myFile,String imageFileName) {
InputStream is =null;
OutputStream os =null;
try{
is = myFile.getInputStream();
os = new FileOutputStream(UPLOAD_PATH+"/"+imageFileName);
byte[] buffer =new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len=is.read(buffer))>0){
os.write(buffer);
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
if(is!=null){
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(os!=null){
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return "success";
}
//添加单条文字水印
public String textWaterMark(MultipartFile myFile,String imageFileName) {
InputStream is =null;
OutputStream os =null;
int X = 636;
int Y = 700;
try {
Image image = ImageIO.read(myFile.getInputStream());
//计算原始图片宽度长度
int width = image.getWidth(null);
int height = image.getHeight(null);
//创建图片缓存对象
BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//创建java绘图工具对象
Graphics2D graphics2d = bufferedImage.createGraphics();
//参数主要是,原图,坐标,宽高
graphics2d.drawImage(image, 0, 0, width, height, null);
graphics2d.setFont(new Font(FONT_NAME, FONT_STYLE, FONT_SIZE));
graphics2d.setColor(FONT_COLOR);
//使用绘图工具将水印绘制到图片上
//计算文字水印宽高值
int waterWidth = FONT_SIZE*getTextLength(MARK_TEXT);
int waterHeight = FONT_SIZE;
//计算水印与原图高宽差
int widthDiff = width-waterWidth;
int heightDiff = height-waterHeight;
//水印坐标设置
if (X > widthDiff) {
X = widthDiff;
}
if (Y > heightDiff) {
Y = heightDiff;
}
//水印透明设置
graphics2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, ALPHA));
graphics2d.drawString(MARK_TEXT, X, Y+FONT_SIZE);
graphics2d.dispose();
os = new FileOutputStream(UPLOAD_PATH+"/"+imageFileName);
//创建图像编码工具类
JPEGImageEncoder en = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(os);
//使用图像编码工具类,输出缓存图像到目标文件
en.encode(bufferedImage);
if(is!=null){
is.close();
}
if(os!=null){
os.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "success";
}
//添加单图片水印
public String imageWaterMark(MultipartFile myFile,String imageFileName,HttpServletRequest request) {
InputStream is =null;
OutputStream os =null;
int X = 636;
int Y = 763;
try {
Image image = ImageIO.read(myFile.getInputStream());
//计算原始图片宽度长度
int width = image.getWidth(null);
int height = image.getHeight(null);
//创建图片缓存对象
BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//创建java绘图工具对象
Graphics2D graphics2d = bufferedImage.createGraphics();
//参数主要是,原图,坐标,宽高
graphics2d.drawImage(image, 0, 0, width, height, null);
graphics2d.setFont(new Font(FONT_NAME, FONT_STYLE, FONT_SIZE));
graphics2d.setColor(FONT_COLOR);
//水印图片路径
String logoPath = "/img/logo.png";
String realPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(logoPath);
File logo = new File(realPath);
Image imageLogo = ImageIO.read(logo);
int widthLogo = imageLogo.getWidth(null);
int heightLogo = imageLogo.getHeight(null);
int widthDiff = width-widthLogo;
int heightDiff = height-heightLogo;
//水印坐标设置
if (X > widthDiff) {
X = widthDiff;
}
if (Y > heightDiff) {
Y = heightDiff;
}
//水印透明设置
graphics2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, ALPHA));
graphics2d.drawImage(imageLogo, X, Y, null);
graphics2d.dispose();
os = new FileOutputStream(UPLOAD_PATH+"/"+imageFileName);
//创建图像编码工具类
JPEGImageEncoder en = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(os);
//使用图像编码工具类,输出缓存图像到目标文件
en.encode(bufferedImage);
if(is!=null){
is.close();
}
if(os!=null){
os.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "success";
}
//添加多条文字水印
public String moreTextWaterMark(MultipartFile myFile,String imageFileName) {
InputStream is =null;
OutputStream os =null;
int X = 636;
int Y = 763;
try {
Image image = ImageIO.read(myFile.getInputStream());
//计算原始图片宽度长度
int width = image.getWidth(null);
int height = image.getHeight(null);
//创建图片缓存对象
BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//创建java绘图工具对象
Graphics2D graphics2d = bufferedImage.createGraphics();
//参数主要是,原图,坐标,宽高
graphics2d.drawImage(image, 0, 0, width, height, null);
graphics2d.setFont(new Font(FONT_NAME, FONT_STYLE, FONT_SIZE));
graphics2d.setColor(FONT_COLOR);
//使用绘图工具将水印绘制到图片上
//计算文字水印宽高值
int waterWidth = FONT_SIZE*getTextLength(MARK_TEXT);
int waterHeight = FONT_SIZE;
//水印透明设置
graphics2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, ALPHA));
graphics2d.rotate(Math.toRadians(30), bufferedImage.getWidth()/2, bufferedImage.getHeight()/2);
int x = -width/2;
int y = -height/2;
while(x < width*1.5){
y = -height/2;
while(y < height*1.5){
graphics2d.drawString(MARK_TEXT, x, y);
y+=waterHeight+100;
}
x+=waterWidth+100;
}
graphics2d.dispose();
os = new FileOutputStream(UPLOAD_PATH+"/"+imageFileName);
//创建图像编码工具类
JPEGImageEncoder en = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(os);
//使用图像编码工具类,输出缓存图像到目标文件
en.encode(bufferedImage);
if(is!=null){
is.close();
}
if(os!=null){
os.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "success";
}
//多图片水印
public String moreImageWaterMark(MultipartFile myFile,String imageFileName,HttpServletRequest request) {
InputStream is =null;
OutputStream os =null;
int X = 636;
int Y = 763;
try {
Image image = ImageIO.read(myFile.getInputStream());
//计算原始图片宽度长度
int width = image.getWidth(null);
int height = image.getHeight(null);
//创建图片缓存对象
BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//创建java绘图工具对象
Graphics2D graphics2d = bufferedImage.createGraphics();
//参数主要是,原图,坐标,宽高
graphics2d.drawImage(image, 0, 0, width, height, null);
graphics2d.setFont(new Font(FONT_NAME, FONT_STYLE, FONT_SIZE));
graphics2d.setColor(FONT_COLOR);
//水印图片路径
String logoPath = "/img/logo.png";
String realPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(logoPath);
File logo = new File(realPath);
Image imageLogo = ImageIO.read(logo);
int widthLogo = imageLogo.getWidth(null);
int heightLogo = imageLogo.getHeight(null);
//水印透明设置
graphics2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, ALPHA));
graphics2d.rotate(Math.toRadians(30), bufferedImage.getWidth()/2, bufferedImage.getHeight()/2);
int x = -width/2;
int y = -height/2;
while(x < width*1.5){
y = -height/2;
while(y < height*1.5){
graphics2d.drawImage(imageLogo, x, y, null);
y+=heightLogo+100;
}
x+=widthLogo+100;
}
graphics2d.dispose();
os = new FileOutputStream(UPLOAD_PATH+"/"+imageFileName);
//创建图像编码工具类
JPEGImageEncoder en = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(os);
//使用图像编码工具类,输出缓存图像到目标文件
en.encode(bufferedImage);
if(is!=null){
is.close();
}
if(os!=null){
os.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "success";
}
//计算水印文本长度
//1、中文长度即文本长度 2、英文长度为文本长度二分之一
public int getTextLength(String text){
//水印文字长度
int length = text.length();
for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) {
String s =String.valueOf(text.charAt(i));
if (s.getBytes().length>1) {
length++;
}
}
length = length%2==0?length/2:length/2+1;
return length;
}
}
最后再说明下,本Demo是在上次的文件导入导出的框架基础上编写的,源码中有些其它Demo的代码,本文主要使用的类有WaterMarkController.java、WaterMarkService.java、WaterMarkServiceImpl.java,因为代码中我是硬编码到E:/save文件夹下的,如果要运行的话,还请先新建此文件夹,或者改为其他文件夹也行。
源码地址:https://github.com/allanzhuo/myport.git