因为要做个读取硬盘参数信息的控件，所以在网上找了不少代码，但是自己作为一个初学者在使用别人代码时，总会发现有各种各样的问题：

1. 需要的头文件未写明

2. 有些定义未给出

3. 代码的开发环境未明，导致编译时出现“XXXX“未定义

3. 添加的代码写在哪里不明确

以上这些情况对于初学者是很容易遇到的，所以这里整理了下。

以下是“读取硬盘序列号、型号、修订版本号”的完整代码(win32 C++控制台程序)，开发环境：win XP SP2 + VC6.0

头文件：Struct_Def.h

// 其实以下的定义多数是来自高版本VC(我机器上是VS2010)的头文件:C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\Include\WinIoCtl.h
typedef struct _DRIVERSTATUS {
BYTE     bDriverError;           // Error code from driver,
// or 0 if no error.
BYTE     bIDEError;                      // Contents of IDE Error register.
// Only valid when bDriverError
// is SMART_IDE_ERROR.
BYTE     bReserved[2];           // Reserved for future expansion.
DWORD   dwReserved[2];          // Reserved for future expansion.
} DRIVERSTATUS, *PDRIVERSTATUS, *LPDRIVERSTATUS;
typedef struct _IDEREGS {
BYTE     bFeaturesReg;           // Used for specifying SMART "commands".
BYTE     bSectorCountReg;        // IDE sector count register
BYTE     bSectorNumberReg;       // IDE sector number register
BYTE     bCylLowReg;             // IDE low order cylinder value
BYTE     bCylHighReg;            // IDE high order cylinder value
BYTE     bDriveHeadReg;          // IDE drive/head register
BYTE     bCommandReg;            // Actual IDE command.
BYTE     bReserved;              // reserved for future use.  Must be zero.
} IDEREGS, *PIDEREGS, *LPIDEREGS;
typedef struct _SENDCMDOUTPARAMS {
DWORD                   cBufferSize;            // Size of bBuffer in bytes
DRIVERSTATUS            DriverStatus;           // Driver status structure.
BYTE                    bBuffer[1];             // Buffer of arbitrary length in which to store the data read from the                                                                                  // drive.
} SENDCMDOUTPARAMS, *PSENDCMDOUTPARAMS, *LPSENDCMDOUTPARAMS;
typedef struct _SENDCMDINPARAMS {
DWORD   cBufferSize;            // Buffer size in bytes
IDEREGS irDriveRegs;            // Structure with drive register values.
BYTE     bDriveNumber;           // Physical drive number to send
// command to (0,1,2,3).
BYTE     bReserved[3];           // Reserved for future expansion.
DWORD   dwReserved[4];          // For future use.
BYTE     bBuffer[1];                     // Input buffer.
} SENDCMDINPARAMS, *PSENDCMDINPARAMS, *LPSENDCMDINPARAMS;
typedef struct _GETVERSIONINPARAMS {
BYTE     bVersion;               // Binary driver version.
BYTE     bRevision;              // Binary driver revision.
BYTE     bReserved;              // Not used.
BYTE     bIDEDeviceMap;          // Bit map of IDE devices.
DWORD   fCapabilities;          // Bit mask of driver capabilities.
DWORD   dwReserved[4];          // For future use.
} GETVERSIONINPARAMS, *PGETVERSIONINPARAMS, *LPGETVERSIONINPARAMS;
#define SMART_GET_VERSION               CTL_CODE(IOCTL_DISK_BASE, 0x0020, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_READ_ACCESS)
#define SMART_RCV_DRIVE_DATA            CTL_CODE(IOCTL_DISK_BASE, 0x0022, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_READ_ACCESS | FILE_WRITE_ACCESS)
#define DFP_SEND_DRIVE_COMMAND SMART_SEND_DRIVE_COMMAND
#define GETVERSIONOUTPARAMS GETVERSIONINPARAMS
#define DFP_RCV_DRIVE_DATA SMART_RCV_DRIVE_DATA
#define DFP_GET_VERSION SMART_GET_VERSION
#define IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE        512

主程序：m.cpp

/*
功能：VC6获取硬盘序列号、型号、修订版本号
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <winioctl.h>
#include "Struct_Def.h"
using namespace std;
const WORD IDE_ATAPI_IDENTIFY = 0xA1;		//读取ATAPI设备的命令
const WORD IDE_ATA_IDENTIFY = 0xEC;			//读取ATA设备的命令
const int MAX_IDE_DRIVES = 1;				//最多IDE设备数
string Trim(string str)				// cut off leading and tailing blanks
{
string::size_type pos = str.find_last_not_of(' ');
if(pos != string::npos)
{
str.erase(pos + 1);
pos = str.find_first_not_of(' ');
if(pos != string::npos) 
str.erase(0, pos);
}
else 
str.erase(str.begin(), str.end());
return str;
}
// fetch characters what we need from DiskData[FirstIndex ... LastIndex]
string __fastcall ConvertToString(DWORD DiskData[256], int FirstIndex, int LastIndex)
{
int i = 0;
char ResBuf[1024] = {0};
for(char *p = (char*)(DiskData + FirstIndex); p <= (char*)(DiskData + LastIndex); p += sizeof(DiskData))
{
ResBuf[i++] = *(p+1);
ResBuf[i++] = *p;
}
return Trim(ResBuf);			// cut off leading and tailing blanks
}
BOOL __fastcall DoIdentify(HANDLE hPhysicalDriveIOCTL, PSENDCMDINPARAMS pSCIP, PSENDCMDOUTPARAMS pSCOP, byte bIDCmd, byte bDriveNum, PDWORD lpcbBytesReturned)
{
// Set up data structures for IDENTIFY command.
pSCIP->cBufferSize = IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE;
pSCIP->irDriveRegs.bFeaturesReg = 0;
pSCIP->irDriveRegs.bSectorCountReg = 1;
pSCIP->irDriveRegs.bSectorNumberReg = 1;
pSCIP->irDriveRegs.bCylLowReg = 0;
pSCIP->irDriveRegs.bCylHighReg = 0;
//Compute the drive number.(主盘和从盘所对应的值是不一样的)
pSCIP->irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg = (bDriveNum & 1) ? 0xB0 : 0xA0;
// The command can either be IDE identify or ATAPI identify.
pSCIP->irDriveRegs.bCommandReg = bIDCmd;
pSCIP->bDriveNumber = bDriveNum;
pSCIP->cBufferSize = IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE;
return DeviceIoControl(hPhysicalDriveIOCTL, DFP_RCV_DRIVE_DATA, (LPVOID)pSCIP, sizeof(SENDCMDINPARAMS) - 1, 
(LPVOID)pSCOP, sizeof(SENDCMDOUTPARAMS) + IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE - 1, lpcbBytesReturned, NULL);
}
// 获取硬盘型号、序列号、修订版本号
void __fastcall ReadPhysicalDriveOnNT()
{
//IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE = 512
byte IdOutCmd[sizeof(SENDCMDOUTPARAMS) + IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE - 1];
char serialNo[21], modelNo[21], revisionNo[21];
for(int Drive=0; Drive < 4; Drive++)
{
HANDLE hPhysicalDriveIOCTL;
char DriveName[32];
sprintf(DriveName, "\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive%d", Drive);
hPhysicalDriveIOCTL = CreateFile(DriveName, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
if(hPhysicalDriveIOCTL != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
DWORD cbBytesReturned = 0;
GETVERSIONOUTPARAMS VersionParams;
// Get the version, etc of PhysicalDrive IOCTL
ZeroMemory(&VersionParams, sizeof(GETVERSIONOUTPARAMS));
if(!DeviceIoControl(hPhysicalDriveIOCTL, DFP_GET_VERSION, NULL, 0, &VersionParams, sizeof(VersionParams), &cbBytesReturned, NULL))
{
continue;
}
if(VersionParams.bIDEDeviceMap > 0)
{
// IDE or ATAPI IDENTIFY cmd
byte bIDCmd = 0;
SENDCMDINPARAMS InParams;
// Now, get the ID sector for all IDE devices in the system.
// If the device is ATAPI use the IDE_ATAPI_IDENTIFY command,
// otherwise use the IDE_ATA_IDENTIFY command
// 具体所得结果请参考上面的说明
bIDCmd = (VersionParams.bIDEDeviceMap >> Drive & 0x10) ? IDE_ATAPI_IDENTIFY : IDE_ATA_IDENTIFY;
ZeroMemory(&InParams, sizeof(SENDCMDINPARAMS));
ZeroMemory(IdOutCmd, sizeof(IdOutCmd));
if(DoIdentify(hPhysicalDriveIOCTL, &InParams, (PSENDCMDOUTPARAMS)IdOutCmd, (BYTE)bIDCmd,(BYTE)Drive, &cbBytesReturned))
{
DWORD DiskData[256];
USHORT *pIDSector;												// 对应结构IDSECTOR，见头文件
pIDSector = (USHORT*)((SENDCMDOUTPARAMS*)IdOutCmd)->bBuffer;
for(int i=0; i < 256; i++)
DiskData[i] = pIDSector[i];
FILE *fp = NULL;
if(NULL != (fp = fopen("a.log", "w")))
{
fwrite(DiskData, sizeof(DiskData), 1, fp);
fclose(fp);
cout<<"Write file successful"<<endl;
}
strcpy(serialNo, ConvertToString(DiskData, 10, 19).c_str());	// get serial number
strcpy(modelNo, ConvertToString(DiskData, 27, 46).c_str());		// get model type
strcpy(revisionNo, ConvertToString (DiskData, 23, 26).c_str());	// 获取修订版本号
printf("SerialNo=%s\nModelNo=%s\nRevisionNo=%s\n", serialNo, modelNo, revisionNo);
}
}
CloseHandle(hPhysicalDriveIOCTL);
}
}
}
int main()
{
ReadPhysicalDriveOnNT();
return 0;
}

运行结果：

Write file successful
SerialNo=6VMSHFW9
ModelNo=ST3500418AS
RevisionNo=CC68
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