如何开始android开发

Android开发简介 (An intro to Android Development)

Android apps can be a great, fun way to get into the world of programming. Officially programmers can use Java, Kotlin, or C++ to develop for Android. Though there may be API restrictions, using certain tools developers can use a large number of languages, including JavaScript, C, or assembly. The possibilities are endless.

Android应用程序可能是进入编程世界的一种非常有趣的好方法。正式而言，程序员可以使用Java，Kotlin或C ++进行Android开发。尽管可能会有API限制，但是使用某些工具，开发人员可以使用多种语言，包括JavaScript，C或汇编语言。可能性是无止境。

From simple games and utility apps to full-blown music players, there are many opportunities to create something meaningful with Android. The Android developer community is widespread, and the documentation and resources online are easy to find, so that you can tackle any issue you’re facing.

从简单的游戏，实用程序应用程序到功能完善的音乐播放器，都有许多机会可以使用Android创建有意义的内容。 Android开发人员社区非常广泛，在线文档和资源也很容易找到，因此您可以解决所遇到的任何问题。

There is definitely a learning curve to get used to the Android framework. But once you understand the core components that make up the app, the rest will come naturally.

一定要适应Android框架，这是一条学习曲线。但是，一旦您了解了构成应用程序的核心组件，其余的一切就自然而然地出现了。

The learning curve involved in Android has a relatively smaller slope compared to learning other technologies such as NodeJS. It is also relatively easier to understand and make contributions towards AOSP hosted by Google. The project can be found here.

与学习其他技术(例如NodeJS)相比，Android中涉及的学习曲线的斜率相对较小。相对容易理解，并为Google托管的AOSP做出贡献。该项目可以在这里找到。

入门 (Getting started)

Check out the guides in this folder to learn about the 4 core components that make up an Android app and how you can get started with a sample app. Then delve into the more advanced topics such as fragments and the Gradle build system. Finally, check out the material design specifications guide as well to learn how to make your apps beautiful and user friendly.

查看此文件夹中的指南，以了解组成一个Android应用程序的4个核心组件，以及如何开始使用示例应用程序。然后深入研究更高级的主题，例如片段和Gradle构建系统。最后，还请查看材料设计规范指南，以了解如何使您的应用程序美观和用户友好。

Android Studio的设置和入门 (Setting Up and Getting Started with Android Studio)

Go to this link and install the latest JDK. Now download the Android Studio and SDK tools bundle from here. Install the Android Studio and SDK following the set up. Keep note of the SDK location. If you face any errors go to settings later to resolve them.

转到此链接并安装最新的JDK。现在从此处下载Android Studio和SDK工具包。按照设置安装Android Studio和SDK。记下SDK的位置。如果遇到任何错误，请稍后再进行设置以解决它们。

Lastly, learn to integrate 3rd party libraries and Firebase services to add functionality to your app. It would be helpful if you go through the official documentation for each component.

最后，学习集成第三方库和Firebase服务以向您的应用程序添加功能。如果您仔细阅读每个组件的官方文档，将会很有帮助。

官方文件 (Official Documentation)

Google Developers Guide for Android

适用于Android的Google开发者指南

Java与Kotlin：要学习哪种语言？ (Java vs. Kotlin: which language to learn?)

Ever since Google announced Kotlin as the official language for Android development at Google IO in 2017, programmers who want to become Android developers have a dilemma. The big question in front of them is whether they should learn Kotlin or Java.

自从Google在2017年宣布Kotlin作为Google IO的Android开发官方语言以来，想要成为Android开发人员的程序员就陷入了困境。他们面前最大的问题是他们应该学习Kotlin还是Java。

Android开发的初学者应从Java开始 (Beginners in Android Development Should Start With Java)

The first and foremost thing is that Android development is not everything. As a programmer, you may be starting your career with Android development. But if you start with a well-established language like Java, you become a part of the bigger Java community and market, which directly means more job opportunities.

首先也是最重要的是，Android开发还不是全部。作为程序员，您可能会开始使用Android开发。但是，如果您从像Java这样的成熟语言开始，您将成为更大的Java社区和市场的一部分，这直接意味着更多的工作机会。

The second and more important thing is that there is a huge community of Java programmers, which means you can find answers when you are stuck. This is very important because, as a beginner, you will face a lot of technical problems and you might not know where to head when you are stuck.

第二个也是更重要的一点是，有一个庞大的Java程序员社区，这意味着当您遇到困难时可以找到答案。这是非常重要的，因为作为一个初学者，您将面临很多技术问题，并且在卡住时可能不知道要去哪里。

When you search Google with a Java problem, you are bound to get answers. But the same cannot be said for Kotlin, which is still a new programming language.

当您使用Java问题搜索Google时，一定会找到答案。但是对于Kotlin来说却不能说相同，它仍然是一种新的编程语言。

Java程序员应该学习Kotlin (Java Programmers Should Learn Kotlin)

Now, coming back to the second set of programmers who want to learn Android development: our fellow Java developers. For them, I think it's best to learn Kotlin because it really improves productivity.

现在，回到第二组想要学习Android开发的程序员：我们的Java开发人员。对于他们来说，我认为最好学习Kotlin，因为它确实可以提高生产力。

A class which takes 50 lines of code in Java can really be written in just one line in Kotlin. It can help you avoid all boiler-plate code - for example, you don’t need to specify getters and setters, equals(), hashCode() or toString() methods. Kotlin can generate all that by itself.

实际上，使用Java用50行代码编写的类实际上可以用Kotlin用一行编写。它可以帮助您避免所有样板代码-例如，您不需要指定getter和setter，equals()，hashCode()或toString()方法。 Kotlin可以自己生成所有内容。

If you don’t know, Kotlin was development by JetBrains, the company behind one of the most popular Java IDEs, IntelliJ IDEA. They were a Java shop developing IDEs like IntelliJ IDEA, PyCharm, and ReSharper, all in Java. And then they built Kotlin to improve their productivity. But at the same time, they couldn't rewrite all their code in Kotlin, so that’s why they made Kotlin fully interoperable with Java.

如果您不知道，Kotlin是由JetBrains开发的，JetBrains是最流行的Java IDE之一IntelliJ IDEA背后的公司。他们是一家Java商店，使用Java来开发诸如IntelliJ IDEA，PyCharm和ReSharper之类的IDE。然后他们建立了Kotlin以提高生产力。但是同时，他们无法用Kotlin重写所有代码，因此这就是为什么他们使Kotlin与Java完全互操作。

Because Kotlin generates Java bytecode, you can use your favorite Java frameworks and libraries in Kotlin and your Java friends can also use any Kotlin framework you develop.

由于Kotlin生成Java字节码，因此您可以在Kotlin中使用自己喜欢的Java框架和库，并且Java朋友也可以使用您开发的任何Kotlin框架。

Java资源： (Java resources:)

Java programming basics
Java编程基础
The best Java examples
最好的Java示例
The best Java 8 tutorials
最好的Java 8教程
Java for absolute beginners - full video course
适用于绝对初学者的Java-完整视频课程

Kotlin资源： (Kotlin resources:)

Still using Java for Android app development? Try Kotlin instead.
还在使用Java进行Android应用开发吗？尝试使用Kotlin。
Develop native Android apps with Kotlin - full video course
使用Kotlin开发原生Android应用-完整的视频课程
Useful standard library functions in Kotlin
Kotlin中有用的标准库功能
Functional programming in Kotlin
Kotlin中的函数式编程