macOS（m芯片）连接服务器及其进行文件传输的各种方式的详解

说明：使用了macOS后发现，win系统能使用的xshell、xftp等连接服务器及其文件传输等软件均不能使用了，没有兼容的版本。所以我们刚切换到mac系统该如何去适应呢。

一、连接远程服务器

macOS中前文也说道我们使用的是iterm2进行终端控制的，所以连接远程服务器可以通过ssh来连接

方式一：ssh 用户名@公网ip的方式进行连接

在这里插入图片描述
缺点：每次都需要输入命令且输入密码来进行登陆，比较繁琐
疑问：有没有一种只输入一次密码就能每次简单登陆的方法呢？

方式二：通过脚本进行登陆

找一个地方创建脚本
编辑脚本，内容如下：

#!/usr/bin/expect
set timeout 30
spawn ssh -p [lindex $argv 0] [lindex $argv 1]@[lindex $argv 2]
expect {"(yes/no)?"{send "yes\n";exp_continue}"password:"{send "[lindex $argv 3]\n"}
}
interact# 变量说明
# [lindex $argv 0]：端口号
# [lindex $argv 1]：服务器用户名
# [lindex $argv 2]：服务器IP地址
# [lindex $argv 3]：服务器密码

编辑完成给予脚本执行权限

# 文件名字可以随便取
chmod 777 ssh_server.sh

打开iTerm2，打开Preferences配置界面，Profiles -> general，左下角点击+号，新建profile，参考下面图片在对应位置输入内容即可。

Name:根据需求输入，通常选择标识性较强的内容便于区分，例如服务器的IP地址

Command：这里选择login Shell

Send text at start ：填写格式形如A B C D E这样，每一个部分之间用空格隔开，根据自己实际情况填写,下面是对每一部分内容的解释

A代表咱们上面写的本机保存sh脚本的路径：/Users/iterm/ssh_server.shB代表服务器端口号一般远程连接端口为：22C代表服务器用户名一般为：rootD代表服务器IP：根据服务器对外暴露的公网IP填写E代表服务器密码：根据自己实际的服务器密码填写

设置好之后打开iTerm2，点击profiles，点击前面自己新增的连接远程服务器的profile的名字。首次连接需要输入一次服务器密码，之后再连接就免密码登陆了。

二、文件传输

方式一：通过app去实现文件传输

transmit（mac系统最推荐的，没有之一）官网收费有点贵，可以通过万能的某宝
filezilla
等等

方式二：通过lrzsz

给mac以及服务器都装上lrzsz

# mac安装通过homebrew
brew install lrzsz
# Linux系统安装通过yum
yum -y install lrzsz

mac下载iterm2-zmodem

 wget https://raw.github.com/mmastrac/iterm2-zmodem/master/iterm2-send-zmodem.shwget https://raw.github.com/mmastrac/iterm2-zmodem/master/iterm2-recv-zmodem.sh
# 如果wget notfound  
brew install wget# 如果网络不佳直接去github下载
# https://github.com/robberphex/iTerm2-zmodem

下载下来的两个文件iterm2-recv-zmodem.sh和iterm2-send-zmodem.sh需要修改一下rz和sz的路径因为文件对应的还是原来intel芯片下的mac通过homebrew下载的路径，m芯片homebrew安装路径变了

iterm2-send-zmodem.sh

#!/bin/bash
# Author: Matt Mastracci (matthew@mastracci.com)
# AppleScript from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4309087/cancel-button-on-osascript-in-a-bash-script
# licensed under cc-wiki with attribution required
# Remainder of script public domainosascript -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to version' > /dev/null 2>&1 && NAME=iTerm2 || NAME=iTerm
if [[ $NAME = "iTerm" ]]; thenFILE=$(osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm" to activate' -e 'tell application "iTerm" to set thefile to choose file with prompt "Choose a file to send"' -e "do shell script (\"echo \"&(quoted form of POSIX path of thefile as Unicode text)&\"\")")
elseFILE=$(osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to activate' -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to set thefile to choose file with prompt "Choose a file to send"' -e "do shell script (\"echo \"&(quoted form of POSIX path of thefile as Unicode text)&\"\")")
fi
if [[ $FILE = "" ]]; thenecho Cancelled.# Send ZModem cancelecho -e \\x18\\x18\\x18\\x18\\x18sleep 1echoecho \# Cancelled transfer
else# 此处需要修改# usr/local/bin/sz "$FILE" --escape --binary --bufsize 4096/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/sz "$FILE" --escape --binary --bufsize 4096sleep 1echoecho \# Received "$FILE"
fi

iterm2-recv-zmodem.sh

#!/bin/bash
# Author: Matt Mastracci (matthew@mastracci.com)
# AppleScript from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4309087/cancel-button-on-osascript-in-a-bash-script
# licensed under cc-wiki with attribution required
# Remainder of script public domainosascript -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to version' > /dev/null 2>&1 && NAME=iTerm2 || NAME=iTerm
if [[ $NAME = "iTerm" ]]; thenFILE=$(osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm" to activate' -e 'tell application "iTerm" to set thefile to choose folder with prompt "Choose a folder to place received files in"' -e "do shell script (\"echo \"&(quoted form of POSIX path of thefile as Unicode text)&\"\")")
elseFILE=$(osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to activate' -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to set thefile to choose folder with prompt "Choose a folder to place received files in"' -e "do shell script (\"echo \"&(quoted form of POSIX path of thefile as Unicode text)&\"\")")
fiif [[ $FILE = "" ]]; thenecho Cancelled.# Send ZModem cancelecho -e \\x18\\x18\\x18\\x18\\x18sleep 1echoecho \# Cancelled transfer
elsecd "$FILE"# /usr/local/bin/rz --rename --escape --binary --bufsize 4096 /opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/rz --rename --escape --binary --bufsize 4096sleep 1echoechoecho \# Sent \-\> $FILE
fi

查看路径方法

brew list lrzsz
# 以下是输出结果
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lrb
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lrx
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lrz
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lsb
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lsx
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lsz
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/rz
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/sz
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/share/man/ (2 files)

赋予两个脚本的执行权限

chmod 777 /usr/local/bin/iterm2-*

设置iterm2的触发器

# 设置内容Regular expression: rz waiting to receive.\*\*B0100Action: Run Silent CoprocessParameters: /usr/local/bin/iterm2-send-zmodem.shInstant: checkedRegular expression: \*\*B00000000000000Action: Run Silent CoprocessParameters: /usr/local/bin/iterm2-recv-zmodem.shInstant: checked