升级软件包 alsaplayer-0.99.76-2.2.fc4.i386.rpm,并显示详细的升级信息:
rpm -Uvv alsaplayer-0.99.76-2.2.fc4.i386.rpm
把显示内容当中对我们有用的挑出来:
D: opening db environment /var/lib/rpm/Packages joinenv
D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages rdonly mode=0x0
D: locked db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages
D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Pubkeys rdonly mode=0x0
warning: alsaplayer-0.99.76-2.2.fc4.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e42d547b
D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Providename rdonly mode=0x0# 以上是打开RPM数据库D: added binary package [0] # 增加一个软件包
D: found 0 source and 1 binary packages # 没有找到源文件,但是找到一个二进制软件包
D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Depends create mode=0x0
D: opening db index /var/lib/rpm/Basenames rdonly mode=0x0
D: read h# 1166 Header sanity check: OK # 读取h#,文件头完整性检查:OK
D: read h# 161 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 4f2a6fd2
D: Requires: /bin/sh YES (db files)
D: Requires: /bin/sh YES (cached)
D: read h# 88 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 4f2a6fd2
D: Requires: libFLAC.so.7 YES (db provides)
D: read h# 95 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 4f2a6fd2
D: Requires: libGL.so.1 YES (db provides)
D: Requires: libOggFLAC.so.3 YES (db provides)
D: read h# 48 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 4f2a6fd2
D: Requires: libX11.so.6 YES (db provides)
D: read h# 49 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 4f2a6fd2
D: Requires: libXext.so.6 YES (db provides)
D: read h# 54 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 4f2a6fd2
D: Requires: libXi.so.6 YES (db provides)
D: read h# 398 Header V3 DSA signature: OK, key ID 4f2a6fd2
D: Requires: libasound.so.2 YES (db provides)# 看来 h# 的要求没有办法被满足,输出错误的依赖关系error: Failed dependencies:
libid3tag.so.0 is needed by alsaplayer-0.99.76-2.2.fc4.i386
libmad.so.0 is needed by alsaplayer-0.99.76-2.2.fc4.i386
libsndfile.so.1 is needed by alsaplayer-0.99.76-2.2.fc4.i386
libsndfile.so.1(libsndfile.so.1.0) is needed by alsaplayer-0.99.76-2.2.f c4.i386
libxosd.so.2 is needed by alsaplayer-0.99.76-2.2.fc4.i386# 下面是关闭数据库D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Pubkeys
D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Conflictname
D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Providename
D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Basenames
D: closed db index /var/lib/rpm/Packages
D: closed db environment /var/lib/rpm/Packages
D: May free Score board((nil))
由此可以粗略的知道 RPM 的工作方式:
- 打开 RPM 数据库
- 从软件包中提取
h#
,并且检查h#
的要求条件是否被满足?
是:转第 4 步 不是:转第 3 步 - 显示失败信息以及需要的依赖关系
- 安装软件,解压缩软件包,并且放到合适的位置
- 关闭 RPM 数据库
显然,我的电脑环境并不能满足安装该软件包所需要的依赖关系,如果强制用 --force
安装的话可能出错误。如果你失败了,那就少什么补什么,然后再安装。