转载自 JavaScript学习总结(八)——JavaScript数组
JavaScript中的Array对象就是数组，首先是一个动态数组，无需预先制定大小，而且是一个像Java中数组、ArrayList、Hashtable等的超强综合体。
一、数组的声明
常规方式声明：
1、var arrName = new Array();//创建一个数组
2、var arrName = new Array([size]); //创建一个数组并指定长度，注意不是上限，是长度
3、var arrName =new Array("孤傲苍狼","白虎神皇","灭世魔尊");//创建一个数组，并初始化数组的内容
注意：虽然var arrName = new Array([size]);指定了长度，但实际上所有情况下数组都是变长的，也就是说即使指定了长度为2，仍然可以将元素存储在规定长度以外的，注意：这时长度会随之改变。
Array的简化声明
1、普通数组初始化：var arr = [3, 5, 6, 8, 9];
范例1：
<script type="text/javascript">//JavaScript声明数组的四种方式var arr1 = new Array();//创建一个空数组arr1[0]="xdp";arr1[1]="gacl";var arr2 = new Array(2);//创建一个数组并指定长度为2arr2["name0"]="xdp";//arr2第一个元素arr2["name1"]="gacl";//arr2第二个元素arr2["name2"]="xtxd";//arr2第三个元素，arr2虽然在声明时指明了长度为2，但是还是可以添加超过其指明长度的元素var arr3 = new Array("孤傲苍狼","白虎神皇","灭世魔尊");//创建一个数组并初始化数组中的元素var arr4 = [1,true,"String"];//Array的简化声明document.write("遍历arr1中的元素：<br/>");for(var i in arr1) {document.write(arr1[i]+"<br/>");}document.write("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br/>");document.write("遍历arr2中的元素：<br/>");for(var i in arr2) {document.write("arr2[\""+i+"\"]="+arr2[i]+"<br/>");}document.write("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br/>");document.write("遍历arr3中的元素：<br/>");for(var i in arr3) {document.write(arr3[i]+"<br/>");}document.write("-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br/>");document.write("遍历arr4中的元素：<br/>");for(var i in arr4) {document.write(arr4[i]+"<br/>");}</script>运行结果：
范例2：
<script type="text/javascript">var names = new Array();//普通方式声明数组，不需要指明数组的长度names[0] = "孤傲苍狼";names[1] = "白虎神皇";names[2] = "灭世魔尊";for (var i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {document.write("names["+i+"] = "+names[i]);document.write("<br/>");}var pinyins = new Array();pinyins["人"] = "ren";pinyins["口"] = "kou";pinyins["手"] = "shou";document.write("pinyins[\"人\"] = "+pinyins["人"]);document.write("<br/>");document.write("pinyins.手 = "+pinyins.手);//像Hashtable、Dictionary那样用，而且像它们一样效率高。document.write("<br/>");//Array的简化声明var arr1 = [3, 5];//普通数组初始化for (var i = 0; i < arr1.length; i++) {document.write("arr1["+i+"] = "+arr1[i]);document.write("<br/>");}
</script>运行结果：
二、数组练习
Ferris写过一个数组的案例，以下就是他的案例代码，挺全的，思路也挺好！
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>数组练习：各种数组方法的使用</title>
<style>
div{color:green;padding:10px 15px;margin:12px 0;background:#f0f0f0;border:1px dotted #333;font:12px/1.5 Courier New;word-wrap:break-word;}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.onload = function ()
{var aDiv = document.getElementsByTagName("div");var aInput = document.getElementsByTagName("input");var i = 0;var bS1 = bS2 = true;var aTmp = [];//删除/添加第一项aInput[0].onclick = function (){aTmp = getArray(aDiv[0].innerHTML);bS1 ?//删除第一项， shift()方法(aTmp.shift(), this.value = this.value.replace("删除","添加"), bS1 = false) ://添加第一项, unshift()方法(aTmp.unshift("January(1)"), this.value = this.value.replace("添加","删除"), bS1 = true);//输出aDiv[0].innerHTML = aTmp.join()};//删除/添加最后一项aInput[1].onclick = function (){aTmp = getArray(aDiv[0].innerHTML);bS2 ?//删除最后一项, pop()方法(aTmp.pop(), this.value = this.value.replace("删除","添加"), bS2 = false) ://添加最后一项, push()方法(aTmp.push("December(12)"), this.value = this.value.replace("添加","删除"), bS2 = true);//输出aDiv[0].innerHTML = aTmp.join()};//复制, concat()方法aInput[2].onclick = function (){aTmp = getArray(aDiv[1].innerHTML);//输出aDiv[1].innerHTML = aTmp.concat(aTmp).toString().replace(/\s/g,"")};//还原, 利用数组的 length 特点aInput[3].onclick = function (){aTmp = getArray(aDiv[1].innerHTML);//设置数组长度aTmp.length = 10;//输出aDiv[1].innerHTML = aTmp.join()};//第三组数据还原aInput[4].onclick = function (){aTmp = ["red","green","blue","white","yellow","black","brown"];//输出aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()};//删除前三项aInput[5].onclick = function (){aTmp = getArray(aDiv[2].innerHTML);//删除, 0开始, 删除3个aTmp.splice(0, 3); //输出aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()};//删除第二至三项aInput[6].onclick = function (){aTmp = getArray(aDiv[2].innerHTML);//删除, 2开始, 删除2个aTmp.splice(1, 2); //输出aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()};//在第二顶后插入"orange", "purple"aInput[7].onclick = function (){aTmp = getArray(aDiv[2].innerHTML);//插入, 2开始, 插入"orange", "purple"aTmp.splice(1, 0, "orange", "purple"); //输出aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()};//替换第二项和第三项aInput[8].onclick = function (){aTmp = getArray(aDiv[2].innerHTML);//插入, 2开始替换aTmp.splice(1, 2, "#009900", "#0000ff"); //输出aDiv[2].innerHTML = aTmp.join()};//将div中的内容转为数组//str div对象function getArray(str){aTmp.length = 0;str = str.split(",");for (var i in str)aTmp.push(str[i]);return aTmp}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div>January(1),February(2),March(3),April(4),May(5),June(6),July(7),Aguest(8),September(9),October(10),November(11),December(12)</div>
<input value="删除January(1)" type="button">
<input value="删除December(12)" type="button">
<div>0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9</div>
<input value="复制" type="button">
<input value="还原" type="button">
<div>red,green,blue,white,yellow,black,brown</div>
<input value="还原" type="button">
<input value="删除前三项" type="button">
<input value="删除第二至三项" type="button">
<input value="在第二项后插入(orange, purple)" type="button">
<input value="替换第二项和第三项" type="button"></body></html>
——DeptServiceImpl.java)
——Javascript面向(基于)对象编程)
——EmpServiceImpl.java)
——applicationContext.xml)
——hibernate.cfg.xml)
