黄聪：Microsoft Enterprise Library 5.0 系列教程(四) Logging Application Block

企业库日志应用程序模块工作原理图:

从上图我们可以看清楚企业库日志应用程序模块的工作原理,其中LogFilter,Trace Source,Trace Listener,Log Formatter的信息都可以在Category配置文件中反映出来,通过配置文件,调用LogWriter类的Writer方法,就可以将包含日志信息的LogEntry实体写入Category配置文件中指定的设备了.

企业库日记应用程序模块提供了下列几种记录方法:

The event log
An e-mail message
A database
A message queue
A text file
A Windows®Management Instrumentation (WMI) event
Custom locationsusing application block extension points

本文介绍一下如何使用企业库日记应用程序模块向日志文件,数据库,XML文件中写入程序操作日记:

一. 向日志文件写入日记

运行EntLibConfig.exe,选择Blocks菜单 ,单击 Add LoggingSettings .

　　2. 对每个模块进行配置:

　　3. 点击 File菜单,单击 Save,保存为一个App.config文件,可以先保存到桌面,之后要用到它.

　　4. 创建一个新的控制台应用程序,将App.config添加到程序内,并加入需要的Dll文件,在此我们要导入的是 Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary. Logging.dll, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary. Logging.Database.dll并添加需要的引用:

　　添加引用:

using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary. Logging;

　　5. 测试:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
staticvoid Main(string[] args)
{
LogEntry logEntry =new LogEntry();

logEntry.EventId =1;
logEntry.Priority =1;
logEntry.Title ="标题党";
logEntry.Message ="http://www.cnblogs.com/huangcong/";
logEntry.Categories.Add("C#学习");
logEntry.Categories.Add("Microsoft Enterprise Library学习");

Logger.Writer.Write(logEntry, "General");
Console.WriteLine("日志写入完成!");
}
}
}

运行结果:

6. 开始—控制面板—系统和安全—查看事件日志—Windows日志—应用程序:

7. 第一个日志就是我们刚刚写入的日志啦,双击可以查看内容:

二. 向数据库写入日记

1. 要将日志写入数据库,就得先新建一个日志数据库,我们可以在EntLib50Src文件夹下的Source\Blocks\Logging\Src\DatabaseTraceListener\Scripts目录中找到LoggingDatabase.sql文件,只要在数据库中运行即可自动生成一个日志数据库:

为了方便大家,我直接将该文件发布在下面,大家直接复制到SQL中运行也可以:

Logging数据库创建SQL

/****** Object: Database Logging Script Date: 8/22/2005 ******/

USE[master]

GO

IFEXISTS (SELECT name FROM master.dbo.sysdatabases WHERE name = N'Logging')

DROPDATABASE[Logging]

GO

CREATEDATABASE[Logging]

COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'autoclose', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'bulkcopy', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'trunc. log', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'torn page detection', N'true'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'read only', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'dbo use', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'single', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'autoshrink', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'ANSI null default', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'recursive triggers', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'ANSI nulls', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'concat null yields null', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'cursor close on commit', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'default to local cursor', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'quoted identifier', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'ANSI warnings', N'false'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'auto create statistics', N'true'

GO

exec sp_dboption N'Logging', N'auto update statistics', N'true'

GO

use[Logging]

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

IFNOTEXISTS (SELECT*FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id =OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Category]') ANDOBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') =1)

BEGIN

CREATETABLE[dbo].[Category](

[CategoryID][int]IDENTITY(1,1) NOTNULL,

[CategoryName][nvarchar](64) NOTNULL,

CONSTRAINT[PK_Categories]PRIMARYKEYCLUSTERED

(

[CategoryID]ASC

) ON[PRIMARY]

) ON[PRIMARY]

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

IFNOTEXISTS (SELECT*FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id =OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[CategoryLog]') ANDOBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') =1)

BEGIN

CREATETABLE[dbo].[CategoryLog](

[CategoryLogID][int]IDENTITY(1,1) NOTNULL,

[CategoryID][int]NOTNULL,

[LogID][int]NOTNULL,

CONSTRAINT[PK_CategoryLog]PRIMARYKEYCLUSTERED

(

[CategoryLogID]ASC

) ON[PRIMARY]

) ON[PRIMARY]

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

IFNOTEXISTS (SELECT*FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id =OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Log]') ANDOBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') =1)

BEGIN

CREATETABLE[dbo].[Log](

[LogID][int]IDENTITY(1,1) NOTNULL,

[EventID][int]NULL,

[Priority][int]NOTNULL,

[Severity][nvarchar](32) NOTNULL,

[Title][nvarchar](256) NOTNULL,

[Timestamp][datetime]NOTNULL,

[MachineName][nvarchar](32) NOTNULL,

[AppDomainName][nvarchar](512) NOTNULL,

[ProcessID][nvarchar](256) NOTNULL,

[ProcessName][nvarchar](512) NOTNULL,

[ThreadName][nvarchar](512) NULL,

[Win32ThreadId][nvarchar](128) NULL,

[Message][nvarchar](1500) NULL,

[FormattedMessage][ntext]NULL,

CONSTRAINT[PK_Log]PRIMARYKEYCLUSTERED

(

[LogID]ASC

) ON[PRIMARY]

) ON[PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

IFNOTEXISTS (SELECT*FROM sysobjects WHERE id =OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[InsertCategoryLog]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))

BEGIN

EXEC dbo.sp_executesql @statement= N'CREATE PROCEDURE InsertCategoryLog

@CategoryID INT,

@LogID INT

AS

BEGIN

SET NOCOUNT ON;

DECLARE @CatLogID INT

SELECT @CatLogID FROM CategoryLog WHERE CategoryID=@CategoryID and LogID = @LogID

IF @CatLogID IS NULL

BEGIN

INSERT INTO CategoryLog (CategoryID, LogID) VALUES(@CategoryID, @LogID)

RETURN @@IDENTITY

END

ELSE RETURN @CatLogID

END

'

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

IFNOTEXISTS (SELECT*FROM sysobjects WHERE id =OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[AddCategory]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))

BEGIN

EXEC dbo.sp_executesql @statement= N'

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[AddCategory]

-- Add the parameters for the function here

@CategoryName nvarchar(64),

@LogID int

AS

BEGIN

SET NOCOUNT ON;

DECLARE @CatID INT

SELECT @CatID = CategoryID FROM Category WHERE CategoryName = @CategoryName

IF @CatID IS NULL

BEGIN

INSERT INTO Category (CategoryName) VALUES(@CategoryName)

SELECT @CatID = @@IDENTITY

END

EXEC InsertCategoryLog @CatID, @LogID

RETURN @CatID

END

'

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

IFNOTEXISTS (SELECT*FROM sysobjects WHERE id =OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[ClearLogs]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))

BEGIN

EXEC dbo.sp_executesql @statement= N'CREATE PROCEDURE ClearLogs

AS

BEGIN

SET NOCOUNT ON;

DELETE FROM CategoryLog

DELETE FROM [Log]

DELETE FROM Category

END

'

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

IFNOTEXISTS (SELECT*FROM sysobjects WHERE id =OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[WriteLog]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))

BEGIN

EXEC dbo.sp_executesql @statement= N'

/****** Object: Stored Procedure dbo.WriteLog Script Date: 10/1/2004 3:16:36 PM ******/

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[WriteLog]

(

@EventID int,

@Priority int,

@Severity nvarchar(32),

@Title nvarchar(256),

@Timestamp datetime,

@MachineName nvarchar(32),

@AppDomainName nvarchar(512),

@ProcessID nvarchar(256),

@ProcessName nvarchar(512),

@ThreadName nvarchar(512),

@Win32ThreadId nvarchar(128),

@Message nvarchar(1500),

@FormattedMessage ntext,

@LogId int OUTPUT

)

AS

INSERT INTO [Log] (

EventID,

Priority,

Severity,

Title,

[Timestamp],

MachineName,

AppDomainName,

ProcessID,

ProcessName,

ThreadName,

Win32ThreadId,

Message,

FormattedMessage

)

VALUES (

@EventID,

@Priority,

@Severity,

@Title,

@Timestamp,

@MachineName,

@AppDomainName,

@ProcessID,

@ProcessName,

@ThreadName,

@Win32ThreadId,

@Message,

@FormattedMessage)

SET @LogID = @@IDENTITY

RETURN @LogID

'

END

GO

SET ANSI_NULLS OFF

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF

GO

IFNOTEXISTS (SELECT*FROM sysobjects WHERE id =OBJECT_ID(N'FK_CategoryLog_Category') AND parent_obj =OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[CategoryLog]'))

ALTERTABLE[dbo].[CategoryLog]WITHCHECKADDCONSTRAINT[FK_CategoryLog_Category]FOREIGNKEY( [CategoryID])

REFERENCES[dbo].[Category] ( [CategoryID])

GO

IFNOTEXISTS (SELECT*FROM sysobjects WHERE id =OBJECT_ID(N'FK_CategoryLog_Log') AND parent_obj =OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[CategoryLog]'))

ALTERTABLE[dbo].[CategoryLog]WITHCHECKADDCONSTRAINT[FK_CategoryLog_Log]FOREIGNKEY( [LogID])

REFERENCES[dbo].[Log] ( [LogID])

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

SET ARITHABORT ON

SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL ON

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

SET ANSI_PADDING ON

SET ANSI_WARNINGS ON

SET NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT OFF

go

DECLARE@bErrorsasbit

BEGINTRANSACTION

SET@bErrors=0

CREATENONCLUSTEREDINDEX[ixCategoryLog]ON[dbo].[CategoryLog] ([LogID]ASC, [CategoryID]ASC )

IF( @@error<>0 ) SET@bErrors=1

IF( @bErrors=0 )

COMMITTRANSACTION

ELSE

ROLLBACKTRANSACTION

2. 点击Logging Target Listeners 区块右上角的加号按钮, Add Logging Target Listeners然后点击 Add Database Listeners ,属性设置如下:

3. File—Save,保存App.config,无需改动VS中的程序直接再次运行,运行结果如下:

4. 查看Logging数据库,可以看到刚刚写入的日志:

SELECT*FROM[Logging].[dbo].[Category]
GO
SELECT*FROM[Logging].[dbo].[Log]
GO

三. 向XML文件写入日记

1. 创建一个XML文件,我建在上面创建好的工程目录下,命名为test.xml,点击Logging Target Listeners 区块右上角的加号按钮, Add Logging Target Listeners然后点击 Add XML Listeners ,属性设置如下: