MegaCli是一款管理维护硬件RAID软件,可以通过它来了解当前 raid卡的所有信息,包括 raid卡的型号,raid的阵列类型,raid 上各磁盘状态,等等。通常,我们对硬盘当前的状态不太好确定,一般通过机房人员巡检来完成,有没有通过软件的方式来检查确定这个问题呢。MegaCli就可以做到,一般通过 MegaCli Media Error Count: 0 Other Error Count: 0 这两个数值来确定阵列中磁盘是否有问题;Medai Error Count 表示磁盘可能错误,可能是磁盘有坏道,这个值不为0值得注意,数值越大,危险系数越高,Other Error Count 表示磁盘可能存在松动,可能需要重新再插入。MegaCli 可以对阵列中所有的磁盘进行检测,我们可以通过脚本的方式来检测相关参数,从而通知管理人员。


  一、 下载MegCli,目前针对公司DB数据库是IBM的服务器,直接从IBM官方下载,如果

  其它服务器的,使用各官方下载或者 LSI网站上进行相关下载。一般来说,是通用的。这个包适用32 /64位操作系统平台

  下载地址:ftp://download2.boulder.ibm.com/ecc/sar/CMA/XSA/ibm_utl_sraidmr_megacli-8.00.48_linux_32-64.zip

  二、 安装

  #unzip ibm_utl_sraidmr_megacli-8.00.48_linux_32-64.zip

  #cd linux

  # rpm -ivh Lib_Utils-1.00-09.noarch.rpm  MegaCli-8.00.48-1.i386.rpm


  三 使用命令及参数

命令使用:

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDInfo -Lall -aALL 查raid级别

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpAllInfo -aALL 查raid卡信息

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -aALL 查看硬盘信息

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -aAll 查看电池信息

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -FwTermLog -Dsply -aALL 查看raid卡日志

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -adpCount 【显示适配器个数】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpGetTime –aALL 【显示适配器时间】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpAllInfo -aAll 【显示所有适配器信息】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDInfo -LALL -aAll 【显示所有逻辑磁盘组信息】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -aAll 【显示所有的物理信息】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL |grep ‘Charger Status’ 【查看充电状态】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL【显示BBU状态信息】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo -aALL【显示BBU容量信息】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo -aALL 【显示BBU设计参数】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties -aALL 【显示当前BBU属性】

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -cfgdsply -aALL 【显示Raid卡型号,Raid设置,Disk相关信息】

3.磁带状态的变化,从拔盘,到插盘的过程中。

Device |Normal|Damage|Rebuild|Normal

Virtual Drive |Optimal|Degraded|Degraded|Optimal

Physical Drive |Online|Failed –> Unconfigured|Rebuild|Online

4.查看磁盘缓存策略

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -Cache -L0 -a0

or

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -Cache -L1 -a0

or

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -Cache -LALL -a0

ro

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -Cache -LALL -aALL

ro

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDGetProp -DskCache -LALL -aALL

5.设置磁盘缓存策略

缓存策略解释:


WT (Write through

WB (Write back)

NORA (No read ahead)

RA (Read ahead)

ADRA (Adaptive read ahead)

Cached

Direct

例子:

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDSetProp WT|WB|NORA|RA|ADRA -L0 -a0

or

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDSetProp -Cached|-Direct -L0 -a0

or

enable / disable disk cache

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDSetProp -EnDskCache|-DisDskCache -L0 -a0

6.创建一个 raid5 阵列,由物理盘 2,3,4 构成,该阵列的热备盘是物理盘 5

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -CfgLdAdd -r5 [1:2,1:3,1:4] WB Direct -Hsp[1:5]-a0

7.创建阵列,不指定热备

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -CfgLdAdd -r5 [1:2,1:3,1:4] WB Direct -a0

8.删除阵列

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -CfgLdDel -L1 -a0

9.在线添加磁盘

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDRecon -Start -r5 -Add -PhysDrv[1:4]-L1 -a0

10.阵列创建完后,会有一个初始化同步块的过程,可以看看其进度。

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDInit -ShowProg -LALL -aALL

或者以动态可视化文字界面显示

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDInit -ProgDsply -LALL -aALL

11.查看阵列后台初始化进度

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDBI -ShowProg -LALL -aALL

或者以动态可视化文字界面显示

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDBI -ProgDsply -LALL -aALL

12.指定第 5 块盘作为全局热备

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDHSP -Set [-EnclAffinity][-nonRevertible]-PhysDrv[1:5]-a0

13.指定为某个阵列的专用热备

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDHSP -Set [-Dedicated [-Array1]][-EnclAffinity][-nonRevertible]-PhysDrv[1:5]-a0

14.删除全局热备

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDHSP -Rmv -PhysDrv[1:5]-a0

15.将某块物理盘下线/上线

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDOffline -PhysDrv [1:4]-a0

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDOnline -PhysDrv [1:4]-a0

16.查看物理磁盘重建进度

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDRbld -ShowProg -PhysDrv [1:5]-a0

或者以动态可视化文字界面显示

#/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDRbld -ProgDsply -PhysDrv [1:5]-a0


1、 查看RAID级别

25135004_13321356183guB.png

2、 查看RAID卡信息,主要输出RAID卡的一些配置信息

25135004_13321356590gKA.png


RAID Level : Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0
Size : 1.086 TB
State : Optimal
Strip Size : 128 KB
Number Of Drives per span:4 //表示每4个物理盘做成一个RAID1盘组
Span Depth : 2 //表示共2个RAID1盘组做成了RAID10


3、 查看所有硬盘的信息

/opt/MegaCli64  -pdlist –aALL

25135004_133213567384A8.png

4、 查看当前raid缓存状态,raid缓存状态设置为wb的话要注意电池放电事宜,设置电池放电模式为自动学习模式

/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64   -ldgetprop  -dskcache -lall  -aall

25135004_13321356868AM6.png

5、 raid 电池设置相关

查看电池状态信息(Display BBU Status Information)
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL

查看电池容量Display BBU Capacity Information
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo –aALL

查看电池设计参数(Display BBU Design Parameters)
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo –aALL

查看电池属性(Display Current BBU Properties
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties –aALL

设置电池为学习模式为循环模式(Start BBU Learning Cycle
Description Starts the learning cycle on the BBU.
No parameter is needed for this option.
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -BbuLearn -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL

设置磁盘的缓存模式和访问方式 (Change Virtual Disk Cache and Access Parameters
Description Allows you to change the following virtual disk parameters:
-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead): Selects read policy.
-Cached, -Direct: Selects cache policy.
-RW, -RO, Blocked: Selects access policy.
-EnDskCache: Enables disk cache.
-DisDskCache: Disables disk cache.
MegaCli -LDSetProp { WT | WB|NORA |RA | ADRA|-Cached|Direct} |
{-RW|RO|Blocked} |
{-Name[string]} |
{-EnDskCache|DisDskCache} –Lx |
-L0,1,2|-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -LDSetProp WT -L0 -a0

显示磁盘缓存和访问方式(Display Virtual Disk Cache and Access Parameters
MegaCli -LDGetProp -Cache | -Access | -Name | -DskCache -Lx|-L0,1,2|
-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
Displays the cache and access policies of the virtual disk(s):
-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead): Selects read policy.
-Cache, -Cached, Direct: Displays cache policy.
-Access, -RW, -RO, Blocked: Displays access policy.
-DskCache: Displays physical disk cache policy.


Megaraid 必知必会 使用LSI的megaraid可以对raid进行有效监控。别的厂商比如HP,IBM也有自己的raid API
MegaCli -ldinfo -lall -aall
查询raid级别,磁盘数量,容量,条带大小。
MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL |grep Policy
查询控制器cache策略
MegaCli -LDSetProp WB -L0 -a0
设置write back功能
MegaCli -LDSetProp CachedBadBBU -L0 -a0
设置即使电池坏了还是保持WB功能

MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -BbuLearn a0
手动充电
MegaCli -FwTermLog -Dsply -aALL
查询日志


显示适配器个数: MegaCli -adpCount

显示所有适配器信息: MegaCli -AdpAllInfo -aAll
Critical Disks : 0
Failed Disks : 0


显示所有逻辑磁盘组信息: MegaCli -LDInfo -LALL -aAll
显示所有的物理信息: MegaCli -PDList -aAll
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0

查看充电状态: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL
Learn Cycle Requested : No
Fully Charged : Yes

显示BBU(后备电池)状态信息: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL
显示BBU容量信息: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo -aALL
显示BBU设计参数: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo -aALL
显示当前BBU属性: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties -aALL
显示Raid卡型号,Raid设置,Disk相关信息: MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL
查看Cache 策略设置: MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL |grep -i Policy
Current Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct, Write Cache OK if Bad BBU
查看充电进度百分比: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL

各种设备和磁盘的不同状态:
Device |Normal|Damage|Rebuild|Normal
Virtual Drive |Optimal|Degraded|Degraded|Optimal
Physical Drive |Online|Failed –> Unconfigured|Rebuild|Online


6、 通过脚本检测RAID 磁盘状态

Linux下脚本

#!/bin/bash

#check raid disk status

MEGACLI="/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 "

$MEGACLI -pdlist -aALL  | grep "Firmware state" | awk -F : '{print $2}' | awk -F , '{print $1}' >/tmp/fireware.log

$MEGACLI -pdlist -aALL  | grep -E "Media Error|Other Error" | awk -F : '{print $2}' >/tmp/disk.log

for i in `cat < /tmp/disk.log`

do

if [ $i -ne 0 ]

       then

curl "http://xxxxxxB&state=ALARM&description=raid_disk_error"

fi

done

for i in `cat < /tmp/fireware.log`

do

if [ $i !=  Online ]

       then

curl "http://xxxxxxstate=ALARM&description=raid_disk_offline"

fi

done

Windows 下脚本

Windows下脚本用的工具是gnu for windows平台的一些软件,如 bash grep awk cat

通过bash直接调用脚本

如:G:\raid_check\unixtools>bash.exe  G:\disk.sh

#check raid disk status

MEGACLI="//G/raid_check/MegaCli.exe"

GREP="//G/raid_check/unixtools/grep.exe"

AWK="//G/raid_check/unixtools/awk.exe"

CAT="//G/raid_check/unixtools/cat.exe"

CURL="//G/raid_check/unixtools/curl.exe"

$MEGACLI -pdlist -aALL  | $GREP "Firmware state" |$AWK -F: '{print $2}' |$AWK -F , '{print $1}' >//c/fireware.log

$MEGACLI -pdlist -aALL  | $GREP -E "Media Error|Other Error" | $AWK -F : '{print $2}' > //c/disk.log

for i in `$CAT c:/disk.log`

do

if [ $i -ne 0 ]

       then

$CURL "http://xxxxxx&description=raid_disk_error"

fi

done

for i in `$CAT c:/fireware.log`

do

if [ $i != Online ]

       then

$CURL "http://xxxxx&state=ALARM&description=raid_disk_offline"

fi