CentOS升级Python2.7及安装pip

CentOS升级Python2.7及安装pip<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

CentOS升级Python2.7及安装pip

1) 升级Python2.7

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python -V  # 查看版本：Python 2.6.6 mkdir -p ~/Env/python; cd ~/Env/python  # 创建个目录 wget --no-check-certificate https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.6/Python-2.7.6.tar.xz tar Jxvf Python-2.7.6.tar.xz cd Python-2.7.6 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/py-2.7.6  # "./configure -h"查看帮助 make  # 报模块缺失时，有需要的安装后重make # issue: INFO: Can't locate Tcl/Tk libs and/or headers #        Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found: #        ... # 注1：zlib必要，之后安装setuptools要用。见"安装setuptools"。 # 注2：openssl必要，之后pip要用。见"安装pip"。 # 注3：bzip2也最好加，执行"yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel -y"。 make install # 建立软链接，默认指向Python2.7 mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6.6 ln -s /usr/local/py-2.7.6/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python python -V  # Python 2.7.6 # yum不兼容Python2.7，需要指定为原版本 vi /usr/bin/yum # 将"!/usr/bin/python"改为"!/usr/bin/python2.6.6" # ibus也不兼容Python2.7，需要修改 # 将"exec python"改为"exec python2.6.6" ll /usr/bin | grep python  # 确认下python2.6.6 vi /usr/bin/ibus-setup  # 修改 vi /usr/libexec/ibus-ui-gtk  # 修改 reboot  # 可能需要重启

2) 准备基础环境

2.1) 安装setuptools

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cd ~/Env/python wget http://pypi.douban.com/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-3.3.tar.gz  # 豆瓣源 tar zxvf setuptools-3.3.tar.gz cd setuptools-3.3 python setup.py build sudo python setup.py install # 或者用ez_setup.py，同样改为豆瓣源 # wget https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/raw/bootstrap/ez_setup.py # python ez_setup.py --download-base http://pypi.douban.com/packages/source/s/setuptools/ # 缺少zlib，安装setuptools时出错。 # issue: RuntimeError: Compression requires the (missing) zlib module yum install zlib zlib-devel -y # 重make Python2.7再安装 cd ../Python-2.7.6 make  # 这时才注意先前make时缺了好多模块 make install # 环境变量 vi /etc/profile # 添加如下内容： # PY_HOME=/usr/local/py-2.7.6 # export PATH=$PY_HOME/bin:$PATH source /etc/profile  # 当前终端生效，reboot后才会完全生效 echo $PATH

2.2) 安装pip

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easy_install -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple pip # 缺少ssl模块，pip使用时出错 # issue: ImportError: cannot import name HTTPSHandler yum install openssl openssl-devel -y make  # Python-2.7.6目录 make install # 配置pip为豆瓣源 mkdir ~/.pip  # ls或ll -a 查看隐藏内容 vi ~/.pip/pip.conf # 添加如下内容： # [global] # index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple

2.3) 安装virtualenv

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su pip install virtualenv pip install virtualenvwrapper

virtualenv用于创建隔离的Python运行环境，依赖不同库和版本时避免混乱。

virtualenvwrapper为virtualenv上的扩展，提供更方便的命令。

2.4) 其他

Document

• Sphinx
  • 'pip install Sphinx'

Network

• Twisted
  • 'pip install Twisted'
  • zope.interface
    
• Scrapy
  • 'pip install Scrapy'

Web framework

• Django
  • 'pip install Django'
• Tornado
  • 'pip install tornado'
• Flask
  • 'pip install Flask'

来自为知笔记(Wiz)