WinForm（十二）画图

在.NET中，画图主要是通过Graphics类实现的，这个类主要通过两类方法完成画图，一类是DrawXXX，画各种线条图形；另一类是FillXXX,用各种形状，填充各种图形。Graphics是画板，Draw各个方法是各种盏笔（不过在调用Draw方法时，参数需要一个Pen对象)，Fill的各个方法就是种种刷子（确实Fill的方法参数也需要一个Brush对象）。首先要熟悉各个Draw和Fill方法，以及他们的参数，那么剩下的事就是对坐票了，画什么，在那里画，怎么用Draw和Fill了。

下面是在Form上画了一个小票，然后调用打印组件在虚拟打印机里打印出来的效果。

using QRCoder;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;namespace WinFormsDemo12
{public partial class Form1 : Form{public Form1(){InitializeComponent();}void Draw(Graphics graphics){var y = 15;using var logo = new Bitmap(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() + "/aeon.png");graphics.DrawImage(MakeGrayscale(logo), 60, y, 200, 80);graphics.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 2), 10, y += 80, 310, y);graphics.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 2), 10, y += 4, 310, y);var font = new Font("黑体", 10);var brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);graphics.DrawString("分店：012", font, brush, 10, y += 1);graphics.DrawString("店员：张三", font, brush, 160, y);graphics.DrawString($"时间：{DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")}", font, brush, 10, y += 20);var no = "000000000001";graphics.DrawString($"流水号：{no}", font, brush, 10, y += 20);graphics.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 2), 10, y += 25, 310, y);graphics.DrawString("名称       数量  单价  金额", font, brush, 10, y += 5);graphics.DrawString("西红柿     500g  26.00 15.00", font, brush, 10, y += 20);graphics.DrawString("西葫芦    1000g  23.00 23.00", font, brush, 10, y += 20);graphics.DrawString("茄子       500g  50.00 25.00", font, brush, 10, y += 20);graphics.DrawString("豆角       500g  38.00 19.00", font, brush, 10, y += 20);graphics.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 2), 10, y += 20, 310, y);graphics.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black, 2), 10, y += 4, 310, y);var sumfont = new Font("黑体", 12);graphics.DrawString("              小计：82", sumfont, brush, 10, y += 5);var qrCodeAsBitmapByteArr = PngByteQRCodeHelper.GetQRCode(no, QRCodeGenerator.ECCLevel.Q, 20, false);using var qrcode = Image.FromStream(new MemoryStream(qrCodeAsBitmapByteArr));graphics.DrawImage(qrcode, 100, y += 50, 120, 120);}public static Bitmap MakeGrayscale(Bitmap original){var newBitmap = new Bitmap(original.Width, original.Height);var g = Graphics.FromImage(newBitmap);var colorMatrix = new System.Drawing.Imaging.ColorMatrix(new float[][]{new float[] {.3f, .3f, .3f, 0, 0},new float[] {.59f, .59f, .59f, 0, 0},new float[] {.11f, .11f, .11f, 0, 0},new float[] {0, 0, 0, 1, 0},new float[] {0, 0, 0, 0, 1}});var attributes = new System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageAttributes();attributes.SetColorMatrix(colorMatrix);g.DrawImage(original, new Rectangle(0, 0, original.Width, original.Height), 0, 0, original.Width, original.Height, GraphicsUnit.Pixel, attributes);g.Dispose();return newBitmap;}   private void printDocument1_PrintPage(object sender, System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e){if (e.Graphics != null){Draw(e.Graphics);}}private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){printDocument1.Print();}private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){var graphics = this.CreateGraphics();Draw(graphics);}}
}

MakeGrayscale方法是把彩色logo转黑白的一个算法，关注画图部分请忽略。

Graphics实现了IDisposable，用后请释放。

窗体的浏览效果：