谈谈- declare-styleable属性

在Android开发中，往往要用到自定义的控件来实现我们的需求或效果。在使用自定义 
控件时，难免要用到自定义属性，那怎么使用自定义属性呢？

一、简单使用：

 

1.在文件res/values/下新建attrs.xml属性文件，中定义我们所需要的属性：
<resources><!-- resource是跟标签，可以在里面定义若干个declare-styleable -->
<declare-styleable name="custom_view"><!-- name定义了变量的名称 --><attr name="custom_color" format="color"></attr> <!-- 定义对应的属性，name定义了属性的名称 --><attr name="custom_size" format="dimension"></attr> <!--每一个发生要定义format指定其类型，类型包括 reference   表示引用，参考某一资源IDstring   表示字符串color   表示颜色值dimension   表示尺寸值boolean   表示布尔值integer   表示整型值float   表示浮点值fraction   表示百分数enum   表示枚举值flag   表示位运算-->
</declare-styleable>

 

2.在布局中使用：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"xmlns:ldm="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.ldm.learn"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:background="#f6f6f6"android:orientation="vertical"android:padding="10dp" ><com.ldm.learn.CustomTextViewandroid:layout_width="100dp"android:layout_height="100dp"android:text="自定义TextView"ldm:custom_color="#333333"ldm:custom_size="35sp" /></LinearLayout>

2.在代码中引用：

public class CustomTextView extends TextView {

 private int textSize;//自定义文件大小

     private int textColor;//自定义文字颜色

    //自定义属性，会调用带两个参数的构造方法
    public CustomTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
           super(context, attrs);
           TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.custom_view);//TypedArray属性对象
            textSize = ta.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.custom_view_custom_size, 20);//获取属性对象中对应的属性值
           textColor = ta.getColor(R.styleable.custom_view_custom_color, 0x0000ff);
           setColorAndSize(textColor, textSize);//设置属性
           ta.recycle();
}

   public CustomTextView(Context context){

           super(context);

}

   private void setColorAndSize(int textColor, int textSize){

           setTextColor(textColor);

          setTextSize(textSize);

}

 

}

 

 

 

二、declare-styleable属性详解：

 

1. reference：参考某一资源ID。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

             <ImageView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"

                     />

2. color：颜色值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <TextView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:textColor = "#00FF00"

                     />

3. boolean：布尔值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <Button

                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                    android:layout_height = "42dip"

                    android:focusable = "true"

                    />

4. dimension：尺寸值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <Button

                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                    android:layout_height = "42dip"

                    />

5. float：浮点值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">

                   <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <alpha
                   android:fromAlpha = "1.0"
                   android:toAlpha = "0.7"

                   />

6. integer：整型值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">

                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <animated-rotate

                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
                   android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID" 
                   android:pivotX = "50%" 
                   android:pivotY = "50%" 
                   android:framesCount = "12" 
                   android:frameDuration = "100"

                   />

7. string：字符串。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "MapView">
                   <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <com.google.android.maps.MapView
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"

                    />

8. fraction：百分数。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">
                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />
            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <rotate

                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
　　             android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"

                   android:fromDegrees = "0"
　　             android:toDegrees = "360"

                   android:pivotX = "200%"

                   android:pivotY = "300%"
　　             android:duration = "5000"

                   android:repeatMode = "restart"

                   android:repeatCount = "infinite"

                   />

9. enum：枚举值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name="名称">
                   <attr name="orientation">
                          <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
                          <enum name="vertical" value="1" />
                   </attr>           

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

            <LinearLayout

                    xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                    android:orientation = "vertical"
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    >
            </LinearLayout>

10. flag：位或运算。

     （1）属性定义：

             <declare-styleable name="名称">
                    <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
                            <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
                            <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
                            <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
                            <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
                            <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
                            <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
                            <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
                            <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
                     </attr>        

             </declare-styleable>

     （2）属性使用：

            <activity

                   android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
                   android:label = "@string/app_name"
                   android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">
                   <intent-filter>
                          <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                          <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                   </intent-filter>
             </activity>

特别要注意：

     属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。

    （1）属性定义：

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />

            </declare-styleable>

    （2）属性使用：

             <ImageView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"

                     />

转载：http://blog.csdn.net/langxinlen/article/details/50343175