校验字段
模板文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" method="post"><p>用户名: <input type="text" name="name"></p>
{# <p>密码: <input type="text" name="pwd"></p>#}<p>确认密码: <input type="text" name="re_pwd"></p><p>邮箱: <input type="text" name="email"></p><input type="submit" value="提交"></form>
</body>
</html>
视图文件
from django import forms
from django.forms import widgets
class MyForm(forms.Form):
# 定义一个属性,可以用来校验字符串类型
# 限制最大长度是8,最小长度是3
name = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, label='用户名',
error_messages={'max_length': '最长是8', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '这个必须填'},)
pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, required=True, label='密码',
error_messages={'max_length': '最长是8', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '这个必须填'},)
re_pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, required=True, label='确认密码',
error_messages={'max_length': '最长是8', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '这个必须填'},)
# 校验是否是邮箱格式
email = forms.EmailField(label='邮箱', error_messages={'required': '这个必须填', 'invalid': '不符合邮箱格式'})
数据从前端传过来,校验
要校验的字典,可以多参数,但是不能少
def index_form(request):# 生成对象时(实例化),需要传入要校验的数据(字典)if request.method=='GET':return render(request,'indxe.html')elif request.method=='POST':print(request.POST)myform=MyForm(request.POST)# is_valid如果是true表示校验成功,反之,校验失败if myform.is_valid():# 校验通过的数据print(myform.cleaned_data)return HttpResponse('校验成功')else:print(myform.cleaned_data)# 错误信息,它是一个字典print(myform.errors)print(myform.errors.as_data())print(type(myform.errors))from django.forms.utils import ErrorDictreturn HttpResponse('校验失败')
渲染模板
视图文件
from django.forms import widgets
from django.forms import widgets
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationErrorname = forms.CharField(widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))pwd = forms.CharField(widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))widgets 就是用来渲染的class MyForm(forms.Form):# 定义一个属性,可以用来校验字符串类型# 限制最大长度是8,最小长度是3name = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, label='用户名',error_messages={'max_length': '最长是8', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '这个必须填'},widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, required=True, label='密码',error_messages={'max_length': '最长是8', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '这个必须填'},widget=widgets.PasswordInput())re_pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, required=True, label='确认密码',error_messages={'max_length': '最长是8', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '这个必须填'},widget=widgets.PasswordInput())# 校验是否是邮箱格式email = forms.EmailField(label='邮箱', error_messages={'required': '这个必须填', 'invalid': '不符合邮箱格式'})渲染模板
def index_form(request):# 生成对象时(实例化),需要传入要校验的数据(字典)myform=MyForm()if request.method=='GET':return render(request,'indxe2.html',locals())
模板文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<hr>
<h1>第一种方式</h1>
<form action="" method="post" ><p>用户名: {{ myform.name }}</p><p>密码: {{ myform.pwd }}</p><p>邮箱: {{ myform.email }}</p><input type="submit" value="提交"></form>
<hr>
<h1>第二种方式(for循环form对象,建议用这种)</h1>
<form action="" method="post" >{% for foo in myform %}<p>{{ foo.label }}:{{ foo }}</p>{% endfor %}<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<h1>第三种方式(不建议用)</h1>
<form action="" method="post" >{# {{ myform.as_p }}#}{{ myform.as_ul }}<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
渲染错误信息
视图文件
# 第一步:先要继承Form
from django import forms
from django.forms import widgets
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError# 写一个类
class MyForm(forms.Form):# 定义一个属性,可以用来校验字符串类型# 限制最大长度是8,最小长度是3name = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, label='用户名',error_messages={'max_length': '最长是8', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '这个必须填'},widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, required=True, label='密码',error_messages={'max_length': '最长是8', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '这个必须填'},widget=widgets.PasswordInput())re_pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, required=True, label='确认密码',error_messages={'max_length': '最长是8', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '这个必须填'},widget=widgets.PasswordInput())# 校验是否是邮箱格式email = forms.EmailField(label='邮箱', error_messages={'required': '这个必须填', 'invalid': '不符合邮箱格式'})# aa = forms.CharField(label='选择', error_messages={'required': '这个必须填', 'invalid': '不符合邮箱格式'},widget=widgets.CheckboxInput())def clean_name(self):# self:当前form对象name = self.cleaned_data.get('name')if name.startswith('sb'):# 失败,抛异常raise ValidationError('不能以傻逼开头')# 正常,把name返回return namedef clean(self):pwd=self.cleaned_data.get('pwd')re_pwd=self.cleaned_data.get('re_pwd')if pwd==re_pwd:return self.cleaned_dataelse:raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致')# 渲染错误信息
from app01 import models
def index_form(request):# 生成对象时(实例化),需要传入要校验的数据(字典)if request.method == 'GET':myform = MyForm()elif request.method == 'POST':myform = MyForm(request.POST)if myform.is_valid():print(myform.cleaned_data)myform.cleaned_data.pop('re_pwd')models.User.objects.create(**myform.cleaned_data)return redirect('http://www.baidu.com')else:all_error = myform.errors.get('__all__')if all_error:all_error=all_error[0]return render(request, 'indxe3.html', locals())
模板文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body><h1>第二种方式(for循环form对象,建议用这种)</h1>
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>{% for foo in myform %}<p>{{ foo.label }}:{{ foo }} <span>{{ foo.errors.0 }}</span></p>{% endfor %}<input type="submit" value="提交"><span>{{ all_error }}</span>
</form>
</body>
</html>errors存放着错误信息
局部钩子
def clean_name(self):# self:当前form对象name = self.cleaned_data.get('name')if name.startswith('sb'):# 失败,抛异常raise ValidationError('不能以傻逼开头')# 正常,把name返回return nameclean_name 是拿上面定义的name 返回的信息也是放到 errors字典内 键是name 对应的值内
全局钩子
def clean(self):pwd=self.cleaned_data.get('pwd')re_pwd=self.cleaned_data.get('re_pwd')if pwd==re_pwd:return self.cleaned_dataelse:raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致')全局钩子 错误的信息存放在 errors 字典内的 __all__ 键对应的值内
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse import json from django.http import JsonResponse # Create your views here. from django import forms from django.forms import widgets from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError from app01 import modelsclass myForm(forms.Form):name = forms.CharField(max_length=12, min_length=3, label='用户名',error_messages={'max_length': '最长是12', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '必填'},widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control','id':'usr'}))pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=16, min_length=3, label='密码',error_messages={'max_length': '最长16', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '必填'},widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control','id':'pwd'}))re_pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=16, min_length=3, label='再次输入密码',error_messages={'max_length': '最长16', 'min_length': '最短是3', 'required': '必填'},widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control','id':'pwd2'}))email = forms.EmailField(label='邮箱',error_messages={'required': '必填', 'invalid': '不符合邮箱格式'},widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control','id':'email'}))def clean_name(self):name=self.cleaned_data.get("name")# print(name)account=models.User.objects.filter(name=name).first()if account:raise ValidationError('该用户名已存在')return namedef clean(self):pwd = self.cleaned_data.get('pwd')# print(pwd)re_pwd = self.cleaned_data.get('re_pwd')if pwd == re_pwd:return self.cleaned_dataelse:raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致')def index(request):if request.method == 'GET':myform = myForm()return render(request, 'index.html', locals())elif request.method == 'POST':# print(request.POST)# print(request.body)ajax1=json.loads(request.body.decode('utf-8'))# print(ajax1)myform = myForm(ajax1)if myform.is_valid():data = myform.cleaned_datadata.pop('re_pwd')models.User.objects.create(**data)return HttpResponse('注册成功')else:return JsonResponse(myform.errors)def index_usr(request):print(request.body)ajax2 = json.loads(request.body.decode('utf-8'))print(ajax2)myform = myForm(ajax2)if myform.is_valid():return HttpResponse(json.dumps('可以使用的用户名'))else:return JsonResponse(myform.errors)
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css"><title>Title</title> </head> <body> <div class="container-fluid"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3" id="msg"><form action="" method="post" novalidate>{% for foo in myform %}<p id="{{ foo.auto_id }}">{{ foo.label }}:{{ foo }}</p>{% endfor %}</form><button type="submit" id="btn">注册</button><span id="error"></span></div></div> </div></body> <script src="/static/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script> <script src="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.js"></script> <script>$('#btn').click(function () {var pos_data = {'name': $('#usr').val(),'pwd': $('#pwd').val(),'re_pwd': $('#pwd2').val(),'email': $('#email').val()};var pos = JSON.stringify(pos_data);$.ajax({url: '/index/',type: 'post',data: pos,contentType: 'application/json',dataType: 'json',success: function (data) {for (let i in data) {var error_msg2 = $('<span class="pull-right" style="color: red" id="msg_error" >' + data[i] + '</span>');if (error_msg2) {$('#msg_error').remove()}$('#id_' + i + '').append(error_msg2);if (data['__all__']) {var error_msg = $('<span class="pull-right" style="color: red" id="er_pwd2">' + data['__all__'] + '</span>');if ($('#er_pwd2')) {$('#msg_error').remove()$('#er_pwd2').remove()}$('#id_re_pwd').append(error_msg)} else {$('#er_pwd2').remove()}break;}alert(data)}})});$('#usr').on('blur', function () {var pos_data2 = {'name': $('#usr').val(),};var pos2 = JSON.stringify(pos_data2);$.ajax({url: '/index_usr/',type: 'post',data: pos2,contentType: 'application/json',dataType: 'json',success: function (data) {console.log(data)li='name'if (li in data) {var error_msg2 = $('<span class="pull-right" style="color: red" id="msg_error" >' + data['name'] + '</span>');if (error_msg2) {$('#msg_error').remove()}$('#id_name').append(error_msg2);}else {var error_msg2 = $('<span class="pull-right" style="color: red" id="msg_error" >可以使用的用户名 </span>');if (error_msg2) {$('#msg_error').remove()}$('#id_name').append(error_msg2);}}})}) </script> </html>
from django.db import models# Create your models here. class User(models.Model):name=models.CharField(max_length=32)pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)email=models.EmailField()