Qt应用开发--国产工业开发板全志T113-i的部署教程

Qt在工业上的使用场景包括工业自动化、嵌入式系统、汽车行业、航空航天、医疗设备、制造业和物联网应用。Qt被用来开发工业设备的用户界面、控制系统、嵌入式应用和其他工业应用，因其跨平台性和丰富的功能而备受青睐。

Qt能够为工业领域带来什么好处：
- Qt提供了强大的图形引擎，使开发人员能够创建具有吸引力和高性能的用户界面
- Qt允许开发人员根据具体需求定制用户界面和功能。这对于满足不同行业和项目的独特需求至关重要，使工业应用能够实现个性化的解决方案
- Qt提供了丰富的库和工具，涵盖了各种应用程序开发需求，包括图形、网络通信、多媒体处理、数据存储等。这简化了工业应用程序的开发流程
- Qt可以轻松与各种硬件设备和通信协议集成，这对于工业自动化和控制系统来说非常重要，因为它们需要与各种传感器、执行器和其他工业设备进行通信

创龙科技基于全志双核Cortex-A7@1.2GHz处理器T113-i，精心设计的全国产工业开发板，它提供了Qt的运行环境，可以让我们快速的部署工业领域的用户交互界面，控制系统等。

接下来我们来聊聊如何在创龙科技T113-i工业开发板上部署Qt应用。

开发板Qt运行环境

开发板SDK准备

创龙科技的资料中提供了开发板的SDK-T113-i_v1.0.tar.gz，需要解压ubuntu中解压出来：

rice@rice:~$ mkdir t113             //创建t113工作目录，然后将压缩包拷贝到此目录
rice@rice:~$ cd t113
....rice@rice:~/t113$ tar -zxvf SDK-T113-i_v1.0.tar.gz
rice@rice:~/t113$ cd T113-i_v1.0/
rice@rice:~/t113/T113-i_v1.0$ ls
brandy  buildroot  device  install_tools.sh  out       rtos-dsp  tools
build   build.sh   kernel  platform          test

安装依赖软件，创龙科技提供了安装脚本：install_tools.sh，我们执行该脚本即可完成依赖工具的安装：

rice@rice:~/t113/T113-i_v1.0$ ./install_tools.sh
[sudo] password for rice: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
texinfo is already the newest version (6.5.0.dfsg.1-2).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 121 not upgraded.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
pkg-config is already the newest version (0.29.1-0ubuntu2).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 121 not upgraded.
Reading package lists... Done......

解压Buildroot dl–dl.tar.gz，其为 Buildroot dl 目录压缩包，用于存放从官网下载的开源软件包：

rice@rice:~/t113$ tar -xvf dl.tar.gz -C ~/t113/buildroot/buildroot-201902/

构建Qt固件

在编译固件前，先清理一下SDK的编译和配置生成文件：

rice@rice:~/t113/T113-i_v1.0$ ./build.sh distclean

配置linux内核，处理器型号，显示方式，编译器等信息

rice@rice:~/t113/T113-i_v1.0$ ./build.sh config
Welcome to mkscript setup progress
All available platform:0. linux
Choice [linux]: 0
All available linux_dev:0. bsp1. dragonboard2. longan3. tinyos
Choice [longan]: 2
All available kern_ver:0. linux-5.4
Choice [linux-5.4]: 0
All available ic:0. t1131. t113_i
Choice [t113_i]: 1
All available board:0. evb11. evb1_auto2. evb1_auto_nand3. evb1_auto_nor4. tlt113-evm-emmc5. tlt113-evm-nand6. tlt113-minievm-emmc7. tlt113-minievm-nand
Choice [tlt113-evm-nand]: 5
All available output_configs:0. hdmi1. lvds-lcd2. mipi-lcd3. tft-lcd4. cvbs
Choice [hdmi]: 0
All available flash:0. default1. nor
Choice [default]: 0
All available build_root:0. buildroot-2019021. ubuntu
Choice [buildroot-201902]: 0
All available gnueabi:0. gnueabi1. gnueabihf
Choice [gnueabi]: 0

设置编译的环境变量：

rice@rice:~/t113/T113-i_v1.0$ source ./build/envsetup.sh

我们采用一键编译 SPL、U-Boot、Linux 内核和 buildroot文件系统。

rice@rice:~/t113/T113-i_v1.0$ ./build.sh
ACTION List: mklichee;========
Execute command: mklichee 
INFO: ----------------------------------------
INFO: build lichee ...
INFO: chip: sun8iw20p1
INFO: platform: linux
INFO: kernel: linux-5.4
INFO: board: tlt113-evm-nand
INFO: output: /home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/out/t113_i/tlt113-evm-nand/longan
INFO: ----------------------------------------
INFO: build buildroot ...
Prepare br toolchain gcc-linaro-5.3.1-2016.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabi.tar.xz...
make: Entering directory '/home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/buildroot/buildroot-201902'...

编译Qt库，使其开发板固件支持Qt应用运行环境：

rice@rice:~/t113/T113-i_v1.0$ ./build.sh qt
ACTION List: mkqt;========
Execute command: mkqt 
INFO: build Qt ...
INFO: build arm-linux-gnueabi version's Qt
/home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/platform/framework/qt/qt-everywhere-src-5.12.5
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/lto-wrapper
OFFLOAD_TARGET_NAMES=nvptx-none
OFFLOAD_TARGET_DEFAULT=1
Target: x86_64-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-7/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,brig,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --with-gcc-major-version-only --program-suffix=-7 --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --enable-bootstrap --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-vtable-verify --enable-libmpx --enable-plugin --enable-default-pie --with-system-zlib --with-target-system-zlib --enable-objc-gc=auto --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --enable-multilib --with-tune=generic --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none --without-cuda-driver --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix.....

打包系统镜像文件，执行之后，可以看到生成的固件文件，它默认生成两个版本的固件，分别是：nand固件和SD卡固件，我们是采用SD卡启动，所以使用SD卡固件。

rice@rice:~/t113/T113-i_v1.0$ ./build.sh pack
ACTION List: mkpack ;========
Execute command: mkpack  
INFO: packing firmware ...
INFO: Use BIN_PATH: /home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/device/config/chips/t113_i/bin
copying tools file
copying configs file
copying product configs file
/home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/out/pack_out/aultls32.fex
/home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/out/pack_out/aultools.fex
/home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/out/pack_out/boot_package.cfg
/home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/out/pack_out/boot_package.fex...... dsp0.fex Len: 0x3fc78
Vdsp0.fex Len: 0x4
BuildImg 0
Dragon execute image.cfg SUCCESS !
----------image is at----------size:613M  /home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/out/t113_i_linux_tlt113-evm-nand-sdboot_uart0.imgpack finish

运行环境验证

下载运行实例

将编译打包后的固件(t113_i_linux_tlt113-evm-nand-sdboot_uart0.img)放到windows上，通过工具PhoenixCard.exe烧录到SD卡上。将SD卡插到读卡器上，然后插进电脑：

创龙科技提供了qt的demo，我们将led_control的实例拷贝到板子上：

rice@rice:~/t113/qt-demos/led_control/bin$ scp led_control root@ip:~/

创龙T113-i上运行实例

关闭默认的Qt运行程序，设置qt的环境变量

root@T113-Tronlong:~# killall Launcher
root@T113-Tronlong:~# source /etc/qtenv.sh 
add /dev/input/event1 to Qt Application.
find qt5 installed done

运行实例验证Qt功能，运行效果如图：

root@T113-Tronlong:~# ./led_control

Qt开发环境

开发环境下载

Qt开发环境下载，作者是使用Qt 5.12.0，下载链接：https://download.qt.io/archive/qt/5.12/5.12.0/，Ubuntu需要下载：qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.12.0.run

开发环境交叉编译环境配置

配置Debuggers
- 点击菜单栏"Tools -> Options"
- 击"Kits -> Debuggers -> Add -> Browse…"
- 选择目标平台的GDB，路径：/home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/out/t113_i/tlt113-evm-nand/longan/buildroot/host/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gdb

配置交叉工具链
- 点击菜单栏"Tools -> Options"
- 击"Kits -> Compilers -> Add -> GCC -> C++ -> Browse…"
- 选择目标平台的交叉工具链，路径：/home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/out/t113_i/tlt113-evm-nand/longan/buildroot/host/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-g++

配置Qt Versions
- 点击菜单栏"Tools -> Options"
- 击"Kits -> Qt Versions -> Add -> GCC -> C++ -> Browse…"
- 选择目标平台的Qt Versions，路径：/home/rice/t113/T113-i_v1.0/platform/framework/qt/qt-everywhere-src-5.12.5/Qt_5.12.5/bin/qmake

配置Kits
- 点击菜单栏"Tools -> Options"
- 击"Kits -> Kits"
- 将 Name 修改为"T113"，Device type 选择"Generic Linux Device"，Compiler 的 C++选择"T113-GCC"，Debugger 选择"T113-Debugger"，Qt version 选择"T113-qt5"，点击 Apply，然后点击 OK 完成配置

开发Qt应用

作者开发了一个快速验证硬件功能的，主要功能包含：

板载LED灯控制，代码实现：

static QString ledPath = "/sys/class/leds/user-led0";void rice::ledInit()
{setLedStatus(0);ui->ledPushButton->setText("LED OFF");ui->ledPushButton->setStyleSheet("border-width:1px;""border-style:solid; ""border-color:white;""background-color:rgba(88, 88, 88, 200)");
}void rice::ledDeinit()
{}bool rice::setLedStatus(int status)
{QString cmd = "echo " + QString::number(status) + " > " + ledPath + "/brightness";if (system(cmd.toStdString().c_str()) == -1) {printf("set led status failed!\n");return false;}return true;
}int rice::getLedStatus(void)
{QString cmd = "cat " + ledPath + "/brightness";FILE *fp = popen(cmd.toStdString().c_str(), "r");if (fp == nullptr) {return -1;}char led_status[32];if (fgets(led_status, sizeof(led_status), fp) == nullptr) {printf("fgets error: %s\n", cmd.toStdString().c_str());pclose(fp);return -1;}pclose(fp);return atoi(led_status);
}void rice::on_ledPushButton_clicked()
{int ledStatus = getLedStatus();if (ledStatus == 0) {setLedStatus(1);ui->ledPushButton->setText("LED ON");ui->ledPushButton->setStyleSheet("border-width:1px;""border-style:solid; ""border-color:white;""background-color:rgba(00, 205, 00, 255)");}else {setLedStatus(0);ui->ledPushButton->setText("LED OFF");ui->ledPushButton->setStyleSheet("border-width:1px;""border-style:solid; ""border-color:white;""background-color:rgba(88, 88, 88, 200)");}
}

板载按键检测，代码实现：

void rice::keyInit()
{keyFd = open(keyPath.toUtf8().data(), O_RDONLY);if(keyFd == -1){printf("Can not open file(%s)", keyPath.toUtf8().data());return;}ui->keyTextEdit->append("Key Monitor!\n");ui->keyTextEdit->append("Key user0 pressed!");keyNotify = new QSocketNotifier(this->keyFd, QSocketNotifier::Read, this);connect(this->keyNotify, SIGNAL(activated(int)), this, SLOT(keyHandler()));
}void rice::keyDeinit()
{}void rice::keyHandler()
{struct input_event buf;if(read(keyFd, &buf, sizeof(struct input_event)) > 0){if(buf.code == KEY_PROG1 && buf.value == 1){ui->keyTextEdit->append("Key user0 pressed!");}}
}

RTC时钟获取并显示，代码实现：

void rice::dateInit()
{struct rtc_time rtc_tm_temp;dateFd = open(datePath.toUtf8().data(), O_RDONLY);if(dateFd == -1){printf("Can not open file(%s)", keyPath.toUtf8().data());return;}if(ioctl(dateFd, RTC_RD_TIME, &rtc_tm_temp) < 0){printf("Get date failed");return;}ui->yearLineEdit->setText(QString::number(rtc_tm_temp.tm_year + 1900));ui->monthLineEdit->setText(QString::number(rtc_tm_temp.tm_mon + 1));ui->dayLineEdit->setText(QString::number(rtc_tm_temp.tm_mday));
}void rice::dateDeint()
{}

网络调试助手，代码实现：

void rice::netInit()
{server = new QTcpServer();socket = new QTcpSocket();
}void rice::netDeint()
{}void rice::netNewClientConnect()
{socket = server->nextPendingConnection();connect(socket, &QTcpSocket::readyRead, this, &rice::netNewRcve);
}void rice::on_netPushButton_clicked()
{int port = ui->portLineEdit->text().toInt();if(ui->netPushButton->text() == tr("Open")){if(ui->typeComboBox->currentText() == tr("Server")){connect(server, &QTcpServer::newConnection, this, &rice::netNewClientConnect);if(!server->listen(QHostAddress::Any, port)){printf("Listen failed\n");return;}}else if(ui->typeComboBox->currentText() == tr("Client")){QString ip = ui->ipComboBox->currentText();socket->abort();socket->connectToHost(ip, port);if(!socket->waitForConnected(3000)){printf("Connect server failed");return;}connect(socket, &QTcpSocket::readyRead, this, &rice::netNewRcve);}ui->netPushButton->setText("Close");}else if(ui->netPushButton->text() == tr("Close")){if(ui->typeComboBox->currentText() == tr("Server")){socket->abort();server->close();}else if(ui->typeComboBox->currentText() == tr("Client")){socket->disconnectFromHost();}ui->netPushButton->setText("Open");}
}void rice::on_sendPushButton_clicked()
{if(socket->isOpen()){socket->write(ui->sendLineEdit->text().toUtf8().data());}
}void rice::netNewRcve()
{ui->recvTextEdit->append(socket->readAll());
}void rice::on_typeComboBox_currentIndexChanged(const QString &arg1)
{if(arg1 == tr("Server")){ui->ipComboBox->setEditable(false);}else{ui->ipComboBox->setEditable(true);}
}