网络数据通信—ProtoBuf实现序列化和反序列化

目录

前言

1.环境搭建

2. centos下编写的注意事项

3.约定双端交互接口

4.约定双端交互req/resp

5. 客户端代码实现

6.服务端代码实现

前言

Protobuf还常用于通讯协议、服务端数据交换场景。那么在这个示例中，我们将实现一个网络版本的通讯录，模拟实现客户端与服务端的交互，通过Protobuf来实现各端之间的协议序列化。
需求如下:

●客户端可以选择对通讯录进行以下操作:
●新增一个联系人
●删除一个联系人
●查询通讯录列表
●查询一个联系人的详细信息

●服务端提供增删查能力，并需要持久化通讯录。
●客户端、服务端间的交互数据使用Protobuf来完成。

1.环境搭建

Httplib库: cpp-httplib 是个开源的库,是一个c++封装的http库，使用这个库可以在linux、windows平台下完成http客户端、http服务端的搭建。使用起来非常方便，只需要包含头文件httplib.h即可。编译程序时,需要带上-lpthread选项。
源码库地址: https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib

2. centos下编写的注意事项

如果使用centOS环境，yum源带的g++最新版本是4.8.5，发布于2015年，年代久远。编译该项目会出现异常。将gcc/g++升级为更高版本可解决问题。

# 升级参考：https://juejin.cn/post/6844903873111392263
# 安装gcc 8版本
yum install -y devtoolset-8-gcc devtoolset-8-gcc-c++
# 启⽤版本
source /opt/rh/devtoolset-8/enable
# 查看版本已经变成gcc 8.3.1
gcc -v

3.约定双端交互接口

新增一个联系人:

[请求]
        Post /contacts/add AddContactRequest
        Content-Type: application/protobuf
[响应]
        AddContactResponse
        Content-Type: application/protobuf 

删除一个联系人：

[请求]
        Post /contacts/del DelContactRequest
        Content-Type: application/protobuf
[响应]
        DelContactResponse
        Content-Type: application/protobuf

查询通讯录列表：

[请求]
        GET /contacts/find-all
[响应]
        FindAllContactsResponse
        Content-Type: application/protobuf

查询一个联系人的详细信息：

[请求]
        Post /contacts/find-one FindOneContactRequest
        Content-Type: application/protobuf
[响应]
        FindOneContactResponse
        Content-Type: application/protobuf

4.约定双端交互req/resp

base_response.proto

syntax = "proto3";
package base_response;
message BaseResponse {bool success = 1; // 返回结果string error_desc = 2; // 错误描述
}

add_contact_request.proto

syntax = "proto3";
package add_contact_req;
// 新增联系⼈ req
message AddContactRequest {string name = 1; // 姓名int32 age = 2; // 年龄message Phone {string number = 1; // 电话号码enum PhoneType {MP = 0; // 移动电话TEL = 1; // 固定电话}PhoneType type = 2; // 类型}repeated Phone phone = 3; // 电话map<string, string> remark = 4; // 备注
}

add_contact_response.proto

syntax = "proto3";
package add_contact_resp;
import "base_response.proto"; // 引⼊base_response
message AddContactResponse {base_response.BaseResponse base_resp = 1;string uid = 2;
}

del_contact_request.proto

syntax = "proto3"; 
package del_contact_req;
// 删除⼀个联系⼈ req
message DelContactRequest {string uid = 1; // 联系⼈ID
}

del_contact_response.proto

syntax = "proto3";
package del_contact_resp;
import "base_response.proto"; // 引⼊base_response
// 删除⼀个联系⼈ resp
message DelContactResponse {base_response.BaseResponse base_resp = 1;string uid = 2;
}

find_one_contact_request.proto

syntax = "proto3";
package find_one_contact_req;
// 查询⼀个联系⼈ req
message FindOneContactRequest {string uid = 1; // 联系⼈ID
}

find_one_contact_response.proto

syntax = "proto3";
package find_one_contact_resp;
import "base_response.proto"; // 引⼊base_response
// 查询⼀个联系⼈ resp
message FindOneContactResponse {base_response.BaseResponse base_resp = 1;string uid = 2; // 联系⼈IDstring name = 3; // 姓名int32 age = 4; // 年龄message Phone {string number = 1; // 电话号码enum PhoneType {MP = 0; // 移动电话TEL = 1; // 固定电话}PhoneType type = 2; // 类型}repeated Phone phone = 5; // 电话map<string, string> remark = 6; // 备注
}

find_all_contacts_response.proto

syntax = "proto3";
package find_all_contacts_resp;
import "base_response.proto"; // 引⼊base_response
// 联系⼈摘要信息
message PeopleInfo {string uid = 1; // 联系⼈IDstring name = 2; // 姓名
}
// 查询所有联系⼈ resp
message FindAllContactsResponse {base_response.BaseResponse base_resp = 1;repeated PeopleInfo contacts = 2;
}

5. 客户端代码实现

main.cc

#include <iostream>
#include "ContactsServer.h"
#include "ContactException.h"void menu() {std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl<< "--------------- 请选择对通讯录的操作 ----------------" << std::endl<< "------------------ 1、新增联系人 --------------------" << std::endl     << "------------------ 2、删除联系人 --------------------" << std::endl<< "------------------ 3、查看联系人列表 ----------------" << std::endl << "------------------ 4、查看联系人详细信息 ------------" << std::endl<< "------------------ 0、退出 --------------------------" << std::endl<< "-----------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;
}int main() {enum OPERATE {ADD=1, DEL, FIND_ALL, FIND_ONE};ContactsServer contactsServer;while (true) {menu();std::cout << "---> 请选择：";int choose;std::cin >> choose;std::cin.ignore(256, '\n');try {switch (choose) {case OPERATE::ADD:contactsServer.addContact();break;case OPERATE::DEL:contactsServer.delContact();break;case OPERATE::FIND_ALL:contactsServer.findContacts();break;case OPERATE::FIND_ONE:contactsServer.findContact();break;case 0:std::cout << "---> 程序已退出" << std::endl;return 0;default:std::cout << "---> 无此选项，请重新选择！" << std::endl;break;}} catch (const ContactException& e) {std::cerr << "---> 操作通讯录时发现异常！！！" << std::endl<< "---> 异常信息：" << e.what() << std::endl;} catch (const std::exception& e) {std::cerr << "---> 操作通讯录时发现异常！！！" << std::endl<< "---> 异常信息：" << e.what() << std::endl;}}
}

ContactException.h：定义异常类

// 自定义异常类
class ContactException
{
private:std::string message;public:ContactException(std::string str = "A problem") : message{str} {}std::string what() const { return message; }
};

ContactsServer.h：客户端通讯录服务端定义

#include <iostream>
#include "./request/add_contact_request.pb.h"
#include "./response/add_contact_response.pb.h"
#include "./request/find_one_contact_request.pb.h"
#include "./response/find_one_contact_response.pb.h"
#include "./response/find_all_contacts_response.pb.h"
#include "./request/del_contact_request.pb.h"
#include "./response/del_contact_response.pb.h"class ContactsServer
{
public:void addContact();void delContact();void findContacts();void findContact();
private:void buildAddContactRequest(add_contact_req::AddContactRequest* req);void printFindOneContactResponse(find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse& resp);void printFindAllContactsResponse(find_all_contacts_resp::FindAllContactsResponse& resp);
};

ContactsServer.cc:客户端通讯录服务实现

#include "ContactsServer.h"
#include "ContactException.h"
#include "httplib.h"#define CONTACTS_IP "139.159.150.152"
#define CONTACTS_PORT 8123void ContactsServer::addContact() {httplib::Client cli(CONTACTS_IP, CONTACTS_PORT);// 构建 request 请求add_contact_req::AddContactRequest req;buildAddContactRequest(&req);// 序列化 requeststd::string req_str;if (!req.SerializeToString(&req_str)) {throw ContactException("AddContactRequest序列化失败!");}// 发起 post 请求auto res = cli.Post("/contacts/add", req_str, "application/protobuf");if (!res) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("/contacts/add 链接错误！错误信息：").append(httplib::to_string(res.error()));throw ContactException(err_desc);}// 反序列化 responseadd_contact_resp::AddContactResponse resp;bool parse = resp.ParseFromString(res->body);// 处理异常if (res->status != 200 && !parse) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/add/' 失败：").append(std::to_string(res->status)).append("(").append(res->reason).append(")");throw ContactException(err_desc);}else if (res->status != 200) {// 处理服务异常std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/add/' 失败 ").append(std::to_string(res->status)).append("(").append(res->reason).append(")  错误原因：").append(resp.base_resp().error_desc());throw ContactException(err_desc);}else if (!resp.base_resp().success()) {// 处理结果异常std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/add/' 结果异常：").append("异常原因：").append(resp.base_resp().error_desc());throw ContactException(err_desc);}// 正常返回，打印结果std::cout << "---> 新增联系人成功，联系人ID：" << resp.uid() << std::endl;
}void ContactsServer::delContact() {httplib::Client cli(CONTACTS_IP, CONTACTS_PORT);// 构建 request 请求del_contact_req::DelContactRequest req;std::cout << "请输入要删除的联系人id: ";std::string uid;getline(std::cin, uid);req.set_uid(uid);// 序列化 requeststd::string req_str;if (!req.SerializeToString(&req_str)) {throw ContactException("DelContactRequest序列化失败!");}// 发起 post 请求auto res = cli.Post("/contacts/del", req_str, "application/protobuf");if (!res) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("/contacts/del 链接错误！错误信息：").append(httplib::to_string(res.error()));throw ContactException(err_desc);}// 反序列化 responsedel_contact_resp::DelContactResponse resp;bool parse = resp.ParseFromString(res->body);// 处理异常if (res->status != 200 && !parse) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/del' 失败：").append(std::to_string(res->status)).append("(").append(res->reason).append(")");throw ContactException(err_desc);}else if (res->status != 200) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/del' 失败 ").append(std::to_string(res->status)).append("(").append(res->reason).append(")  错误原因：").append(resp.base_resp().error_desc());throw ContactException(err_desc);}else if (!resp.base_resp().success()) {// 结果异常std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/del' 结果异常：").append("异常原因：").append(resp.base_resp().error_desc());throw ContactException(err_desc);}// 正常返回，打印结果std::cout << "---> 成功删除联系人，被删除的联系人ID为：" << resp.uid() << std::endl;
}void ContactsServer::findContacts() {httplib::Client cli(CONTACTS_IP, CONTACTS_PORT);// 发起 get 请求auto res = cli.Get("/contacts/find-all");if (!res) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("/contacts/find-all 链接错误！错误信息：").append(httplib::to_string(res.error()));throw ContactException(err_desc);}// 反序列化 responsefind_all_contacts_resp::FindAllContactsResponse resp;bool parse = resp.ParseFromString(res->body);// 处理异常if (res->status != 200 && !parse) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("get '/contacts/find-all' 失败：").append(std::to_string(res->status)).append("(").append(res->reason).append(")");throw ContactException(err_desc);}else if (res->status != 200) {// 服务端异常std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/find-all' 失败 ").append(std::to_string(res->status)).append("(").append(res->reason).append(")  错误原因：").append(resp.base_resp().error_desc());throw ContactException(err_desc);}else if (!resp.base_resp().success()) {// 结果异常std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/find-all' 结果异常：").append("异常原因：").append(resp.base_resp().error_desc());throw ContactException(err_desc);}// 正常返回，打印结果printFindAllContactsResponse(resp);
}void ContactsServer::findContact() {httplib::Client cli(CONTACTS_IP, CONTACTS_PORT);// 构建 request 请求find_one_contact_req::FindOneContactRequest req;std::cout << "请输入要查询的联系人id: ";std::string uid;getline(std::cin, uid);req.set_uid(uid);// 序列化 requeststd::string req_str;if (!req.SerializeToString(&req_str)) {throw ContactException("FindOneContactRequest序列化失败!");}// 发起 post 请求auto res = cli.Post("/contacts/find-one", req_str, "application/protobuf");if (!res) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("/contacts/find-one 链接错误！错误信息：").append(httplib::to_string(res.error()));throw ContactException(err_desc);}// 反序列化 responsefind_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse resp;bool parse = resp.ParseFromString(res->body);// 处理异常if (res->status != 200 && !parse) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/find-one' 失败：").append(std::to_string(res->status)).append("(").append(res->reason).append(")");throw ContactException(err_desc);}else if (res->status != 200) {std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/find-one' 失败 ").append(std::to_string(res->status)).append("(").append(res->reason).append(")  错误原因：").append(resp.base_resp().error_desc());throw ContactException(err_desc);}else if (!resp.base_resp().success()) {// 结果异常std::string err_desc;err_desc.append("post '/contacts/find-one' 结果异常：").append("异常原因：").append(resp.base_resp().error_desc());throw ContactException(err_desc);}// 正常返回，打印结果std::cout << "---> 查询到联系人ID为：" << resp.uid() << " 的信息：" << std::endl;printFindOneContactResponse(resp);
}void ContactsServer::printFindAllContactsResponse(find_all_contacts_resp::FindAllContactsResponse& resp) {if (0 == resp.contacts_size()) {std::cout << "还未添加任何联系人" << std::endl;return;}for (auto contact : resp.contacts()) {std::cout << "联系人姓名: " << contact.name() << " 联系人ID：" << contact.uid() << std::endl;}
}void ContactsServer::buildAddContactRequest(add_contact_req::AddContactRequest* req) {std::cout << "请输入联系人姓名: ";std::string name;getline(std::cin, name);req->set_name(name);std::cout << "请输入联系人年龄: ";int age;std::cin >> age;req->set_age(age);std::cin.ignore(256, '\n'); for(int i = 1; ; i++) {std::cout << "请输入联系人电话" << i << "(只输入回车完成电话新增): ";std::string number;getline(std::cin, number);if (number.empty()) {break;}add_contact_req::AddContactRequest_Phone* phone = req->add_phone();phone->set_number(number);std::cout << "选择此电话类型 (1、移动电话   2、固定电话) : " ;int type;std::cin >> type;std::cin.ignore(256, '\n');switch (type) {case 1:phone->set_type(add_contact_req::AddContactRequest_Phone_PhoneType::AddContactRequest_Phone_PhoneType_MP);break;case 2:phone->set_type(add_contact_req::AddContactRequest_Phone_PhoneType::AddContactRequest_Phone_PhoneType_TEL);break;default:std::cout << "----非法选择，使用默认值！" << std::endl;break;}}for(int i = 1; ; i++) {std::cout << "请输入备注" << i << "标题 (只输入回车完成备注新增): ";std::string remark_key;getline(std::cin, remark_key);if (remark_key.empty()) {break;}std::cout << "请输入备注" << i << "内容: ";std::string remark_value;getline(std::cin, remark_value);req->mutable_remark()->insert({remark_key, remark_value}); }
}void ContactsServer::printFindOneContactResponse(find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse& resp) {std::cout << "姓名：" << resp.name() << std::endl;std::cout << "年龄：" << resp.age() << std::endl;for (auto& phone : resp.phone()) {int j = 1;std::cout << "电话" << j++ << ": " << phone.number();std::cout << "  (" << phone.PhoneType_Name(phone.type()) << ")" << std::endl;}if (resp.remark_size()) {std::cout << "备注信息: " << std::endl;}for (auto it = resp.remark().cbegin(); it != resp.remark().cend(); ++it) {std::cout << "    " << it->first << ": " << it->second << std::endl;}
}

6.服务端代码实现

服务端存储通讯录结构定义: contacts. proto

syntax = "proto3";
package contacts;
// 联系⼈
message PeopleInfo {string uid = 1; // 联系⼈IDstring name = 2; // 姓名int32 age = 3; // 年龄message Phone {string number = 1; // 电话号码enum PhoneType {MP = 0; // 移动电话TEL = 1; // 固定电话}PhoneType type = 2; // 类型}repeated Phone phone = 4; // 电话map<string, string> remark = 5; // 备注
}
// 通讯录
message Contacts {map<string, PeopleInfo> contacts = 1;
}

main.cc

#include <iostream>
#include "httplib.h"
#include "../server/ContactsServer.h"
#include "../common/ContactException.h"
#include "request/add_contact_request.pb.h"
#include "response/add_contact_response.pb.h"
#include "request/find_one_contact_request.pb.h"
#include "response/find_one_contact_response.pb.h"
#include "response/find_all_contacts_response.pb.h"
#include "request/del_contact_request.pb.h"
#include "response/del_contact_response.pb.h"using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::cerr;
using namespace httplib;int main() {cout << "---> 服务启动..." << endl;Server srv;  // 创建服务端对象ContactsServer contactsServer;srv.Post("/contacts/add", [contactsServer](const Request& req, Response& res) {add_contact_req::AddContactRequest request;add_contact_resp::AddContactResponse response;try {// 反序列化 requestif (!request.ParseFromString(req.body)) {throw ContactException("Parse AddContactRequest error!");}// 新增联系人contactsServer.add(request, &response);// 序列化 respstd::string response_str;if (!response.SerializeToString(&response_str)) {throw ContactException("Serialize AddContactResponse error");}res.body = response_str;res.set_header("Content-Type", "application/protobuf");res.status = 200;} catch (ContactException &e) {cerr << "---> /contacts/add 发现异常!!!" << endl<< "---> 异常信息：" << e.what() << endl;res.status = 500;base_response::BaseResponse* baseResponse = response.mutable_base_resp();baseResponse->set_success(false);baseResponse->set_error_desc(e.what());std::string response_str;if (response.SerializeToString(&response_str)) {res.body = response_str;res.set_header("Content-Type", "application/protobuf");}}});	srv.Post("/contacts/del", [contactsServer](const Request& req, Response& res) {del_contact_req::DelContactRequest request;del_contact_resp::DelContactResponse response;try {// 反序列化 requestif (!request.ParseFromString(req.body)) {throw ContactException("Parse DelContactRequest error!");}// 删除联系人contactsServer.del(request, &response);// 序列化 responsestd::string response_str;if (!response.SerializeToString(&response_str)) {throw ContactException("Serialize DelContactResponse error");}res.body = response_str;res.set_header("Content-Type", "application/protobuf");res.status = 200;} catch (ContactException &e) {cerr << "---> /contacts/del 发现异常!!!" << endl<< "---> 异常信息：" << e.what() << endl;res.status = 500;base_response::BaseResponse* baseResponse = response.mutable_base_resp();baseResponse->set_success(false);baseResponse->set_error_desc(e.what());std::string response_str;if (response.SerializeToString(&response_str)) {res.body = response_str;res.set_header("Content-Type", "application/protobuf");}}});	srv.Post("/contacts/find-one", [contactsServer](const Request& req, Response& res) {find_one_contact_req::FindOneContactRequest request;find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse response;try {// 反序列化 requestif (!request.ParseFromString(req.body)) {throw ContactException("Parse FindOneContactRequest error!");}// 查询联系人详细信息contactsServer.findOne(request, &response);// 序列化 responsestd::string response_str;if (!response.SerializeToString(&response_str)) {throw ContactException("Serialize FindOneContactResponse error");}res.body = response_str;res.set_header("Content-Type", "application/protobuf");res.status = 200;} catch (ContactException &e) {cerr << "---> /contacts/find-one 发现异常!!!" << endl<< "---> 异常信息：" << e.what() << endl;res.status = 500;base_response::BaseResponse* baseResponse = response.mutable_base_resp();baseResponse->set_success(false);baseResponse->set_error_desc(e.what());std::string response_str;if (response.SerializeToString(&response_str)) {res.body = response_str;res.set_header("Content-Type", "application/protobuf");}}});	srv.Get("/contacts/find-all", [contactsServer](const Request& req, Response& res) {find_all_contacts_resp::FindAllContactsResponse response;try {// 查询所有联系人contactsServer.findAll(&response);// 序列化 responsestd::string response_str;if (!response.SerializeToString(&response_str)) {throw ContactException("Serialize FindAllContactsResponse error");}res.body = response_str;res.set_header("Content-Type", "application/protobuf");res.status = 200;} catch (ContactException &e) {cerr << "---> /contacts/find-all 发现异常!!!" << endl<< "---> 异常信息：" << e.what() << endl;res.status = 500;base_response::BaseResponse* baseResponse = response.mutable_base_resp();baseResponse->set_success(false);baseResponse->set_error_desc(e.what());std::string response_str;if (response.SerializeToString(&response_str)) {res.body = response_str;res.set_header("Content-Type", "application/protobuf");}}});srv.listen("0.0.0.0", 8123); 
}

ContactException.h:定义异常类

// 自定义异常类
class ContactException
{
private:std::string message;public:ContactException(std::string str = "A problem") : message{str} {}std::string what() const { return message; }
};

ContactsServer.h:通讯录服务定义

#pragma once#include <iostream>
#include "httplib.h"
#include "../controller/request/add_contact_request.pb.h"
#include "../controller/response/add_contact_response.pb.h"
#include "../controller/request/find_one_contact_request.pb.h"
#include "../controller/response/find_one_contact_response.pb.h"
#include "../controller/response/find_all_contacts_response.pb.h"
#include "../controller/request/del_contact_request.pb.h"
#include "../controller/response/del_contact_response.pb.h"
#include "../dao/contacts.pb.h"
#include "../dao/ContactsMapper.h"using namespace httplib;class ContactsServer {
public:ContactsMapper contactsMapper;public:void add(add_contact_req::AddContactRequest& request,add_contact_resp::AddContactResponse* response) const;void del(del_contact_req::DelContactRequest& request,del_contact_resp::DelContactResponse* response) const;void findOne(find_one_contact_req::FindOneContactRequest request, find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse* response) const;void findAll(find_all_contacts_resp::FindAllContactsResponse* rsp) const;private:void printAddContactRequest(add_contact_req::AddContactRequest& request) const;void buildPeopleInfo(contacts::PeopleInfo* people, add_contact_req::AddContactRequest& request) const;void buildFindOneContactResponse(const contacts::PeopleInfo& people, find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse* response) const;void buildFindAllContactsResponse(contacts::Contacts& contacts, find_all_contacts_resp::FindAllContactsResponse* rsp) const;
};

ContactsServer.cc:通讯录服务实现

#include "ContactsServer.h"
#include "../common/ContactException.h"
#include "../common/Utils.h"using std::cout;
using std::endl;void ContactsServer::add(add_contact_req::AddContactRequest& request, add_contact_resp::AddContactResponse* response) const {// 打印日志printAddContactRequest(request);      // 先读取已存在的 contactscontacts::Contacts contacts;contactsMapper.selectContacts(&contacts);// 转换为存入文件的消息对象  google::protobuf::Map<std::string, contacts::PeopleInfo>* map_contacts = contacts.mutable_contacts();contacts::PeopleInfo people;buildPeopleInfo(&people, request);   map_contacts->insert({people.uid(), people});   // 向磁盘文件写入新的 contactscontactsMapper.insertContacts(contacts);response->set_uid(people.uid());response->mutable_base_resp()->set_success(true);// 打印日志cout << "---> (ContactsServer::add) Success to write contacts." << endl;
}void ContactsServer::del(del_contact_req::DelContactRequest& request,del_contact_resp::DelContactResponse* response) const {// 打印日志cout << "---> (ContactsServer::del) DelContactRequest: uid: " << request.uid() << endl;  // 先读取已存在的 contactscontacts::Contacts contacts;contactsMapper.selectContacts(&contacts);// 不含uid直接返回if (contacts.contacts().find(request.uid()) == contacts.contacts().end()) {  cout << "---> (ContactsServer::del) not find uid: " << request.uid() << endl; response->set_uid(request.uid());response->mutable_base_resp()->set_success(false);response->mutable_base_resp()->set_error_desc("not find uid");return;}// 删除用户contacts.mutable_contacts()->erase(request.uid());// 向磁盘文件写入新的 contactscontactsMapper.insertContacts(contacts);// 构造respresponse->set_uid(request.uid());response->mutable_base_resp()->set_success(true);// 打印日志cout << "---> (ContactsServer::del) Success to del contact, uid: " << request.uid() << endl;
}void ContactsServer::findOne(find_one_contact_req::FindOneContactRequest request, find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse* response) const {// 打印日志cout << "---> (ContactsServer::findOne) FindOneContactRequest: uid: " << request.uid() << endl;  // 获取通讯录contacts::Contacts contacts;contactsMapper.selectContacts(&contacts);// 转换resp消息对象const google::protobuf::Map<std::string, contacts::PeopleInfo>& map_contacts = contacts.contacts();auto it = map_contacts.find(request.uid());// 查找的联系人不存在if (it == map_contacts.end()) {cout << "---> (ContactsServer::findOne) not find uid: " << request.uid() << endl;response->mutable_base_resp()->set_success(false);response->mutable_base_resp()->set_error_desc("uid not exist");return;}// 构建respbuildFindOneContactResponse(it->second, response);// 打印日志cout << "---> (ContactsServer::findOne) find uid: " << request.uid() << endl;
}void ContactsServer::findAll(find_all_contacts_resp::FindAllContactsResponse* rsp) const {// 打印日志cout << "---> (ContactsServer::findAll) " << endl;  // 获取通讯录contacts::Contacts contacts;contactsMapper.selectContacts(&contacts);// 转换resp消息对象buildFindAllContactsResponse(contacts, rsp);
}void ContactsServer::buildFindAllContactsResponse(contacts::Contacts& contacts, find_all_contacts_resp::FindAllContactsResponse* rsp) const {if (nullptr == rsp) {return;}rsp->mutable_base_resp()->set_success(true);for (auto it = contacts.contacts().cbegin(); it != contacts.contacts().cend(); ++it) {find_all_contacts_resp::PeopleInfo* people = rsp->add_contacts();people->set_uid(it->first);people->set_name(it->second.name());}
}void ContactsServer::buildFindOneContactResponse(const contacts::PeopleInfo& people, find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse* response) const {if (nullptr == response) {return;}response->mutable_base_resp()->set_success(true);response->set_uid(people.uid());response->set_name(people.name());response->set_age(people.age());for (auto& phone : people.phone()) {find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse_Phone* resp_phone = response->add_phone();resp_phone->set_number(phone.number());switch (phone.type()) {case contacts::PeopleInfo_Phone_PhoneType::PeopleInfo_Phone_PhoneType_MP:resp_phone->set_type(find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse_Phone_PhoneType::FindOneContactResponse_Phone_PhoneType_MP);break;case contacts::PeopleInfo_Phone_PhoneType::PeopleInfo_Phone_PhoneType_TEL:resp_phone->set_type(find_one_contact_resp::FindOneContactResponse_Phone_PhoneType::FindOneContactResponse_Phone_PhoneType_TEL);break;default:break;}}Utils::map_copy(response->mutable_remark(), people.remark());
}void ContactsServer::printAddContactRequest(add_contact_req::AddContactRequest& request) const {cout << "---> (ContactsServer::add) AddContactRequest:" << endl;cout << "姓名：" << request.name() << endl;cout << "年龄：" << request.age() << endl;for (auto& phone : request.phone()) {int j = 1;cout << "电话" << j++ << ": " << phone.number();cout << "  (" << phone.PhoneType_Name(phone.type()) << ")" << endl;}if (request.remark_size()) {cout << "备注信息: " << endl;}for (auto it = request.remark().cbegin(); it != request.remark().cend(); ++it) {      cout << "    " << it->first << ": " << it->second << endl;      }      
}void ContactsServer::buildPeopleInfo(contacts::PeopleInfo* people, add_contact_req::AddContactRequest& request) const {std::string uid = Utils::generate_hex(10);people->set_uid(uid);people->set_name(request.name());people->set_age(request.age());for (auto& phone : request.phone()) {contacts::PeopleInfo_Phone* peo_phone = people->add_phone();peo_phone->set_number(phone.number());switch (phone.type()) {case add_contact_req::AddContactRequest_Phone_PhoneType::AddContactRequest_Phone_PhoneType_MP:peo_phone->set_type(contacts::PeopleInfo_Phone_PhoneType::PeopleInfo_Phone_PhoneType_MP);break;case add_contact_req::AddContactRequest_Phone_PhoneType::AddContactRequest_Phone_PhoneType_TEL:peo_phone->set_type(contacts::PeopleInfo_Phone_PhoneType::PeopleInfo_Phone_PhoneType_TEL);break;default:break;}}Utils::map_copy(people->mutable_remark(), request.remark());
}

Utils.h：定义工具类

#include <sstream>
#include <random>
#include <google/protobuf/map.h>class Utils
{
public:static unsigned int random_char() {// 用于随机数引擎获得随机种子std::random_device rd;       // mt19937是c++11新特性，它是一种随机数算法，用法与rand()函数类似，但是mt19937具有速度快，周期长的特点// 作用是生成伪随机数std::mt19937 gen(rd()); // 随机生成一个整数i 范围[0, 255]std::uniform_int_distribution<> dis(0, 255);return dis(gen);}// 生成 UUID （通用唯一标识符）static std::string generate_hex(const unsigned int len) {std::stringstream ss;// 生成 len 个16进制随机数，将其拼接而成for (auto i = 0; i < len; i++) {const auto rc = random_char();std::stringstream hexstream;hexstream << std::hex << rc;auto hex = hexstream.str();ss << (hex.length() < 2 ? '0' + hex : hex);}return ss.str();}static void map_copy(google::protobuf::Map<std::string, std::string>* target, const google::protobuf::Map<std::string, std::string>& source) {if (nullptr == target) {std::cout << "map_copy warning, target is nullptr!" << std::endl;return;}for (auto it = source.cbegin(); it != source.cend(); ++it) {    target->insert({it->first, it->second});}  }
};

ContactsMapper.h:持久化存储通讯录方法定义

#include "contacts.pb.h"class ContactsMapper {
public:void selectContacts(contacts::Contacts* contacts) const;void insertContacts(contacts::Contacts& contacts) const;
};

ContactsMapper.cc:持久化存储通讯录方法实现
注:本应该存入数据库中，在这里为了简化流程，将通讯录存入本地文件

#include "ContactsMapper.h"
#include "../common/ContactException.h"
#include <fstream>#define TEXT_NAME "contacts.bin"using std::ios;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;// 本应该存入数据库中，在这里为了简化流程，将通讯录存入本地文件
void ContactsMapper::selectContacts(contacts::Contacts* contacts) const{std::fstream input(TEXT_NAME, ios::in | ios::binary);if (!input) {cout << "---> (ContactsMapper::selectContacts) " << TEXT_NAME << ": File not found.  Creating a new file." << endl;}else if (!contacts->ParseFromIstream(&input)) {input.close();throw ContactException("(ContactsMapper::selectContacts) Failed to parse contacts.");}input.close();
}void ContactsMapper::insertContacts(contacts::Contacts& contacts) const {std::fstream output(TEXT_NAME, ios::out | ios::trunc | ios::binary);if (!contacts.SerializeToOstream(&output)) {output.close();throw ContactException("(ContactsMapper::insertContacts) Failed to write contacts.");}output.close();
}

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