摘  要

随着电力系及其他领域科学技术地不断发展与目前人们对于电力能源的需求不断提高，我国对电力系统及相关行业投资逐年上升，电网装机容量得到提升，加快了电网全国互联建设。但随着电力电子技术的发展，电网中投入的非线性负载愈来愈多，从而影响电网质量，降低电网稳定性，对相关行业运行生产造成不小的影响，同时也为了掌握电力设备在投入、维修及运行过程中的状态，对于实时且高速地采集电网的电气量数据信息显得尤为重要。

随着我国微型电子技术和嵌入式系统的发展，目前行业内相对比较传统的电力系统数据采集系统无法满足客户的需求。为了改进传统电力系统数据采集系统在控制上得短板问题，在本次毕业设计中，将使用相对先进、快捷、智能的控制机制。该系统的控制大脑为核心控制器32系列嵌入式开发系统，主要采用数字控制技术，将输入的连续模拟电压信号转换成离散的数字信号，实现多路实时采集检测。该基于STM32单片机的电力系统数据采集系统具有智能控制、无线传输等功能，而且性价比高、度准确、能耗较低、制作简易、使用方便快捷等特点，给人民生活带来了很大的影响，在市场上很受欢迎。

文章首先介绍了面向电力系统的数据采集的发展和现状，然后介绍了数据采集中常用的采样方法，如同步采样法或非同步采样法，通过对比得知采样同步采样法更具优势，并设计电网同步采集系统拓扑。接下来，详细描述采集系统的结构——信号调理部分、数据采集部分、数据处理部分等。

近年来，随着社会和经济的发展，社会对电力的需求量与日俱增，电力供应局面日趋紧张。而且，由于非线性负荷的大量应用，导致在电力系统中产生大量的高次谐波，对电力系统造成了很大的危害。在这种情况，就需要对电力参数和谐波情况进行准确、实时地检测。为了消除电压、电流的波形畸变产生的危害，就必须对电力系统进行谐波抑制和无功补偿，因此对电力系统中的电气参数进行测试和分析就显得尤为重要。本文介绍的这套电力系统参数交流采样系统是采用TMS320VC33型高速数字信号处理器 (DSP)和两片16位高速A/D转换器ADS8364实现快速、精确地采集和计算各种电力系统参数。本文所设计的基于DSP TMS320VC33的多通道数据采集系统是一个高精度的数据采集与信号处理系统。论述了系统的总体设计方案、硬件构成原理和软件设计思路,完成了硬件电路的设计,实现了数据处理平台的调试。该系统以TI公司生产的TMS320VC33 DSP为核心处理器,通过可编程逻辑器件CPLD实现对DSP外围设备的逻辑控制,并设计了模拟电路模块。在DSP的软件编程上,本文完成了多通道数据采集算法在TMS320VC33上的实现。

基于单片机STM32区别于51单片机，所以针对STM32各部分功能进行了系统型简介。内容精简易懂，明确了重点内容，保障STM32的入门，零基础也可以开发。

该智能控制系统设计主要从国内外发展状况，硬件控制部件选择，根据控制原理绘制硬件电路，控制系统软件程序设计开发等方面进行详细讲解。该控制系统使用STM32嵌入式开发系统、A/D转换器、隔离设计等组成智能电力系统数据采集系统控制系统。

关键词：电力系统；数据采集；电压频率

ABSTRACT

With the continuous development of science and technology in electric power system and other fields and the continuous improvement of people's demand for electric energy, China's investment in electric power system and related industries has increased year by year, the installed capacity of power grid has been improved, and the construction of national interconnection of power grid has been accelerated. But with the development of power electronic technology, nonlinear loads of power grid in more and more, which affects the quality of power grid, reduce the stability of power grid, a big impact on related industry production, and at the same time in order to grasp the power equipment in the process of investment, maintenance and operation condition, for real-time and high-speed data acquisition of grid electric parameters is very important.

With the development of micro electronic technology and embedded system in China, the traditional power system data acquisition system can not meet the needs of customers. In order to improve the traditional power system data acquisition system in the control of the shortcomings of the problem, in this graduation project, will use relatively advanced, fast, intelligent control mechanism. The control brain of the system is the core controller of the 32 series embedded development system, which mainly uses digital control technology to convert the input continuous analog voltage signal into discrete digital signal, realizing multi-channel real-time acquisition and detection. The power system data acquisition system based on STM32 microcontroller has intelligent control, wireless transmission and other functions, and cost-effective, accurate, low energy consumption, simple production, easy to use and so on, has brought a great impact on people's life, is very popular in the market.

This paper first introduces the development and current situation of data acquisition for power system, and then introduces the common sampling methods in data acquisition, such as synchronous sampling method or asynchronous sampling method. Next, the structure of the acquisition system is described in detail: signal conditioning part, data acquisition part, data processing part and so on.

In recent years, with the development of society and economy, the demand for electric power is increasing day by day, and the situation of electric power supply is becoming increasingly tense.Moreover, due to the extensive application of nonlinear load, a large number of high order harmonics are generated in the power system, which causes great harm to the power system. In this case, it is necessary to detect the power parameters and harmonics accurately and in real time. In order to eliminate the harm caused by voltage and current waveform distortion, harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation must be carried out in the power system, so it is particularly important to test and analyze the electrical parameters in the power system. The ac sampling system of power system parameters introduced in this paper uses TMS320VC33 high speed digital signal processor (DSP) and two 16-bit high speed A/D converter ADS8364 to collect and calculate various power system parameters quickly and accurately. The multi-channel data acquisition system based on DSP TMS320VC33 designed in this paper is a high precision data acquisition and signal processing system. This paper discusses the overall design scheme of the system, the principle of hardware composition and the design idea of software, completes the design of hardware circuit and realizes the debugging of data processing platform. The system uses TMS320VC33 DSP produced by TI company as the core processor, realizes the logic control of DSP peripheral device by CPLD, and designs the analog circuit module. In DSP software programming, this paper completed the realization of multi-channel data acquisition algorithm on TMS320VC33.

Based on the STM32 MCU is different from 51 MCU, so the function of each part of STM32 system is introduced. The content is simple and easy to understand, clear the key content, guarantee the entry of STM32, zero foundation can also be developed.

The intelligent control system design mainly from the domestic and foreign development, the choice of hardware control components, according to the control principle to draw the hardware circuit, control system software program design and development, etc. The control system uses STM32 embedded development system, A/D converter and isolation design to compose the data acquisition system control system of intelligent power system.

KEY WORDS:Power system; Data acquisition; Voltage and frequency