Python 简易 HTTP 服务器

Python 简易 HTTP 服务器（http.server）

http.server 是 socketserver.TCPServer 的子类，它在 HTTP 套接字上创建和监听，并将请求分派给处理程序。

Python3 内置标准模块。
通过执行如下命令创建一个最简单的 HTTP 服务器：

python -m http.server # 服务器默认监听端口是 8000
python -m http.server 9000 # 支持自定义端口号
python -m http.server --bind 127.0.0.1 # 服务器默认绑定到所有接口，可以通过 -b/--bind 指定地址，如本地主机。
python -m http.server --directory /tmp/ # 服务器默认工作目录为当前目录，可通过 -d/--directory 参数指定工作目录。
python -m http.server --cgi # 可以通过传递参数 --cgi 启用 CGI 请求处理程序：

http.server 也支持在代码中调用，导入对应的类和函数即可。

from http.server import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
from http.server import CGIHTTPRequestHandler
from http.server import ThreadingHTTPServer
from functools import partial
import contextlib
import sys
import osclass DualStackServer(ThreadingHTTPServer):def server_bind(self):# suppress exception when protocol is IPv4with contextlib.suppress(Exception):self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IPV6, socket.IPV6_V6ONLY, 0)return super().server_bind()def run(server_class=DualStackServer,handler_class=SimpleHTTPRequestHandler,port=8000,bind='127.0.0.1',cgi=False,directory=os.getcwd()):"""Run an HTTP server on port 8000 (or the port argument).Args:server_class (_type_, optional): Class of server. Defaults to DualStackServer.handler_class (_type_, optional): Class of handler. Defaults to SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.port (int, optional): Specify alternate port. Defaults to 8000.bind (str, optional): Specify alternate bind address. Defaults to '127.0.0.1'.cgi (bool, optional): Run as CGI Server. Defaults to False.directory (_type_, optional): Specify alternative directory. Defaults to os.getcwd()."""if cgi:handler_class = partial(CGIHTTPRequestHandler, directory=directory)else:handler_class = partial(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler, directory=directory)with server_class((bind, port), handler_class) as httpd:print(f"Serving HTTP on {bind} port {port} "f"(http://{bind}:{port}/) ...")try:httpd.serve_forever()except KeyboardInterrupt:print("\nKeyboard interrupt received, exiting.")sys.exit(0)if __name__ == '__main__':run(port=8000, bind='127.0.0.1')

server_class：服务器类
handler_class：请求处理类
port：端口
bind：IP
cgi：是否启用 CGI 请求处理程序
directory：工作目录

小型 web 项目在局域网内的预览
项目目录

web:.
├─index.html

index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>hello world
</body>
</html>